Jamhuuriyadda Belarus Dadka: ka dhex naadiyeen dalka iyo taariikhda

Belarus Dadka Republic ahaa isku day ugu horeysay si ay u abuuraan ay gobolka u gaar ah oo ka mid ah dadka ka mid ah laanta East Slavic - Belarusians. Ilaa hadda sida aragnimada ay ahayd guul, iyo in ay ahayd sababta nuglaanta badan ee jiritaanka waxbarashada this? Aynu raaco dhacdo oo ka mid ah heerarka kala duwan ee horumarka iyo dhimasho Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Belarus ee.

Background on CakaaraNews ah

Ka dib markii la afgembiyey -Raaxaysta- ee Empire Ruush ee February 1917, halganka siyaasadeed ayaa si weyn u kordhay, ma aha oo kaliya in caasimada - Petrograd - laakiin sidoo kale on duleedka awoodaha, taas oo soo toosay ciidamada qaranka. Umana uu tudhin masiirka iyo gobolka Belarus, xaaladda oo adag isku dhawaanshaha ka hore Ruush-German. Ka dib markii Revolution Bolshevik bishii October ee isla sannadkaas, xaaladda ka sii dartay tan iyo ka badan.

Horeba November, ugu weyn magaalada ee Belarus - Minsk - kulan ka mid ah shaqaalaha iyo ciidamada 'xigeenadiisa. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa la qabtay kulan oo ka mid ah ururada qaranka Belarus, taas oo la aasaasay ujeedada waxbarashada madaxbannaani gudahood gobolka Ruush. Isla mar ahaantaana ku Belarus Baarlamaanka weyn waxaa la aasaasay. Bishii December 1917, All-Belarus koowaad ee Congress ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay taladoodu hoos ururka this. Laakiin Bolsheviks ma aha oo kaliya ka qayb qaatay waxa ku jira, laakiin sidoo kale xoog ku qarxay ilaa kulanka.

Xaaladda bedelay dartey ka dib markii saxiixa bishii March 1918 ee heshiiskii nabadeed ee u dhexeeya Brest Soviet Russia iyo Empire Jarmal ah. Heshiiskan oo ku lug leh shaqo ee inta badan dalalkii Belarus ciidamada Jarmal. Dhacdadani waxa ay diyaar u dhawaaqidda Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Belarus ee.

ku dhawaaqidda BNR ah

Horeba on March 9 ahaa ku dhawaaqidda xaalad Shacabka Belarus ee Republic. Tan waa la sameeyey by Guddiga Fulinta oo ka mid ah Congress All-Belarus. Waxaa sidoo kale tilmaamay in BNR qaybisay ay xukunka oo dhan dalalkan oo taariikhi ah Belarus iyo gobollada ay deggan yihiin qowmiyadaha Belarusians. Laakiin xuduudaha saxda ah ee dhulka sheegtay by Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Belarus ee, oo aan la cayimay. Mana la goostay xaaladda cidda cusub - dawlad si buuxda u madax banaan, ama madaxbannaani gudahood Russia.

Oo isla maalintaas ayaa loo doortay madax ka ah Presidium of Belarus Baarlamaanka Weyn. Waxaa muuqatay in wakiilka of Janka Golaha Socialist Belarus Sereda.

March 25 ayaa la dhigay barta final, si ay u dhamaystiraan stage ee ku dhawaaqidda dadweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Belarus ee. Go'aaminta xaaladda waxaa ka mid ah si cad lagu sheegay. Axdiyadii Belarus Rada BNR naadiyey dowlad madax bannaan. Isla mar ahaantaana ku jiray xuduudaha la aasaasay ee dhulka ku jira oo dalab ahaa Jamhuuriyadda dhallinyarada.

BNR - state aan qarannimada

Laakiin sabab qaar ka mid ah Belarus Republic Dadka (1918) oo aan ka heli karto qarannimada dhab ah. Ma aha doorka ugu dambeeyey ee lagu ciyaaray by habdhaqanka jirio oo ka mid ah masuuliyiinta dalka Jarmalka, ka dibna si dhab ah loo xakameeyo dalka. Dhinaca mid, iyagu ma ay mamnuucaan hawlaha CakaaraNews, laakiin dhinaca kale ah - ayaa si rasmi ah u diiday in la aqoonsado Jamhuuriyadda, tan waxay noqon lahayd lid ku Treaty Brest-Litovsk la Soviet Russia. Dalalka kale ayaa sidoo kale aan si dhaqso ah ula aqoonsiga ee gobolka dhallinyarada.

Dhab ahaantii, Jamhuuriyadda National Belarus ma xakameeyo dhulka, taas oo sheegtay, iyada oo hoos shaqo Jarmal ahaa, wuxuu lahaa alaabtii maaliyadeedka qaab awood u leh inay ururiyaan canshuuro, ma ay lahayn unit bilays ah, ma maamuli in ay qaataan dastuurka. Inta badan oo ka mid ah amarada iyo go'aamada dawladda BNR waxay ahaayeen kuwo gaar u ah Gaarna declaratory. Sidaas daraaddeed, luqadda rasmiga ah loo aqoonsaday Belarus iyo caasimadda - magaalada Minsk.

Isla mar ahaantaana, BNR lahaa tiro ka mid ah sifooyinka gobolka. Waxaa stamp gaar ah la jubbadda taariikhiga ah ee hubka ee Grand Duchy reer Lithuania - "wadida", calanka a, a red-iyo-cad labo midab, dhalasho lahaa hay'adaha, sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta. Xitaa oo ay meel qaatay isku day ah si ay u sameeyaan ciidamada qalabka sida gaar ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, guul daraystay.

dayrta ee BNR ah

Dhibaatooyinka in dhismaha ay dawlad u gaar ah uu keeno kala ah xisbiga ugu horeeysa ee BNR ah - Socialist Golaha Belarus. Laakiin bilowgii dhamaadka oo aan lahaa waqti si ay u sameeyaan hor dhamaadka Jamhuuriyadda la oran karo waa is dhiibin ciidanka Jarmal ee Dagaalkii Adduunka iyo bixitaankii ciidamada dalka iyadoo la raacayo Treaty of Versailles. Ka dib markii in, qaddar ee BNR la shaabadeeyey, si dawladdu ay go'aansatay in ay ka Minsk ku biiro Grodono.

On dhulka ee gobolka Smolensk ee January 1919 , Soviet Russia ayaa abuuray xaalad puppet - Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia, kaas oo loo aqoonsaday by Bolsheviks sharciga ah oo keliya. Iyada oo taageero ka Army Cas, waxa ay si degdeg ah ku faafi karo saameynta ay ku saabsan dhammaan dalalka oo Belarus, marka laga reebo magaalada Grodono, kuwaas oo la qabtay oo polish ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo la kaashanayo ku polish ah, kuwaas oo qaatay Minsk inta lagu guda jiro dagaal Polish-Soofiyeeti, bishii August 1919, CakaaraNews Dowladda ayaa laga yaabaa in uu magaalada ku soo laabto, laakiin Army Cas ee December ahaa awoodaan in ay soo celin xoogga Bolsheviks ee dalalkan oo Belarus.

Baarlamaanka Belarus ayaa waxaa ugu dambayntii lagu qasbay in ay hijroodaan dalka, horeysay ee Poland iyo markaas Lithuania, Czechoslovakia, Germany, USA.

Masiirka xiga

Marna mar kale dowladda BNR ma inay dalkii reer Belarus kuma ay soo noqon. Waxaa intaa dheer, xataa in la masaafuriyey, ururka waxaa la hoos geliyey jajabo badan oo ay sabab u tahay views kala duwan ee hoggaamiyayaasheeda. Sidaas daraaddeed, qayb ka mid ah Baarlamaanka Belarus ee 1925 xitaa sameeyey suuqa kala iibsiga ka mid ah awoodaha ay of Belarus Soviet Socialist Republic ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybta labaad ayaa si adag u cambaareeyay iyada waxaa loogu talagalay.

Dowladda BNR ee Hijrooday ee weli ka jira maanta, iyo waxa aanu u aqoonsanaayeen sharci ee ka dhalanaya post Soviet-Republic of Belarus, inkastoo markii hore oo lahaa ujeeddo oo caynkaas ah. Laakiin ka dib markii uu xilka qabtay Madaxweynaha Belarus Alexander Lukashenko Rada diiday qorshaha asalka ahaa.

Sifooyinkii BNR weli yihiin calaamadaha mucaaradka Belarus.

Sababaha burburkii CakaaraNews ah

Waa maxay sababta ay tahay in aan dowlad ahaan Dadka Belarus ee Republic? Dhacdo iyo qaddar of formation-gaaban waa mid aad la mid ah taariikhda Jamhuuriyadda kale la mid ah oo ka soo baxday arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee Empire Ruush ah. Sababaha ugu weyn ee burburkii qarannimada Belarus ahaayeen wakhtigaas:

• qaybsamo dhaqdhaqaaqa qaranka;
• taageero daciif ka mid ah dadka deegaanka,
• non-aqoonsiga BNR dalalka kale;
• faragelinta Bolshevik.

Isku arrimahaasi waxay predetermine qaddar ee Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Belarus ee.