History of Azerbaijan wakhtiga hore si ay u soo gudbinaynaa

Azerbaijan - dal ee koonfur-bari ee Caucasus. dhacdooyinka muhiimka ah iyo xiiso badan ayaa ka dhacaya dalalka. Oo qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah, waxaan u sheegi kartaa sheekada. Azerbaijan ka dhex muuqan doonaa aragti taariikhi ah, daaha qarsoon ee la soo dhaafay.

Location Azerbaijan

The Republic of Azerbaijan waxa uu ku yaalaa bari ee South Caucasus. From soohdintu waxay xagga woqooyi ee Azerbaijan ayaa xiriir la Ruushka. Koonfurta of xuduudaha dalka Iran galbeed - la Armenia, ee waqooyi galbeed - la Georgia. Laga soo bilaabo bari dalka laga maydho by hirarka badda Caspian ah.

Sababaha Azerbaijan si xooga siman wakiil buuraha iyo bannaanka. Dhab ahaantii Tani waxay door muhiim ah in taariikhda horumarka ee dalka.

jeer heer hoose

First of dhammaan wax u bartaan oo ku saabsan jeer ugu qadiimiga ah, taas oo noo ogolaadaa in ay eegto sheekada. Azerbaijan ayaa la degganaa tan iyo waaberiga binu-aadmiga oo. Sayidka, taallo ugu qadiimiga ah ee Neanderthal uu dalka ku joogo taariikhda dib in ka badan 1.5 milyan oo sano ka hor.

Goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee aadanaha qadiimiga helay Azikh iyo Tağlar Cave.

qadiimiga ah Azerbaijan

gobolka ugu horreeyey, oo ku yaalla dhulka ee Azerbaijan ahaa Manna. Its xarunta uu ku yaalay gudaha xuduudaha dalka Iran ee Azerbaijan oo casri ah.

Magaca "Azerbaijan" billaabay ka Atropates magaca - taliyihii, kuwaas oo bilaabay inuu u taliyo ee Manna ka dib markii ay furasho Faaris. In sharaf isaga waddanka oo dhan la odhan jiray Midia Atropatena in ka dib arintii magaca "Azerbaijan".

Mid ka mid ah dadyowga ugu horreeyey oo Azerbaijan deggan yahay, waxay ahaayeen Albanians. Kooxdani waxa ay qowmiyadaha iska lahaa qoyska Nakh-dhuyac luqadaha iyo ka dhigan tahay ku dhow casriga Lezghins. In aan kun. BC ayaa u muuqday Albanians ay gobolka u gaar ah. Si ka duwan soo dajinay macaan, waxa ay ku taallay woqooyi ee dalka. Caucasian Albania si joogto ah bandhigi hamiga ugaadhsiga ee qadiimiga Rome, Byzantium, Parthia iyo Iran. Qaar ka mid ah waqti ka badan qaybo badan oo dalka u suurtagashay in ay xoojin u Armenian King Tigran II.

c The IV. n. e. territory Albanian, kaas oo ilaa markaas waxaa ku badan diinta hoose iyo Zoroastrianism, Masiixiyaddu ka Armenia yimid.

qabsashadii Arab

In VII ah. n. e. dhacdo ka dhacday, taas oo door muhim ah ee taariikhda gobolka. Waxaan ka hadleynaa qabsashadii Arab. Markii hore, Carbeeda inay ka guulaystay boqortooyada Iran, kaas oo Albania ahaa wiilkaagiiba ah, ka dibna ay weerar ku qaaday Azerbaijan laftiisa. Ka dib markii Carbeeda guulaystay dalka, ayaa wareeg cusub oo ay taariikhda. Azerbaijan ayaa haatan noqday weligiis kala saari Karin xidhiidh la Islam. Baadiyaha ah, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa midowga bilaabeen inay fuliyaan siyaasadda nidaamsan ee Islaamka ee gobolka iyo si dhakhso ah loo gaaro hadafkooda. magaalooyinka koonfureed ee Azerbaijan inta maray Islaamka, ka dibna diinta cusub daalaeday galay baadiyaha iyo tan iyo woqooyi ee dalka.

Laakiin ma fududa in ay isku laab maamulka Arab ee koonfur-bari ee Caucasus. The 816 sano Azerbaijan bilaabay kacdoonkii lagu jiheeyo Carabta iyo Islaamka. Keentay dhaqdhaqaaqa this caan Babak, kuwaas oo hogaansamey diinta Zoroastraian qadiimiga. taageerada ugu weyn ee kacdoonkii ahaayeen farsamo iyo yaroow. In ka badan labaatan sannadood, dadka uu hogaaminayo Babak la masuuliyiinta Arab diriray. Jamhada xataa guulaysanay in ka dhigay rugo askareed Carabta ka territory ee Azerbaijan. Si loo xakameeyo dhirifka, midowga ku lahaa si ay u adkeeyaan ciidamada.

State Shirvanshahs

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in kacdoonkii la burburiyo, midowga waxay daaliyeen la sannad kasta marayay. Waxa uu mar dambe lahaa xoogga, sida ka hor, si loo xakameeyo qaybo kala duwan oo boqortooyadiisa ka baaxad weyn.

Guddoomiyayaasha qayb waqooyi ee Azerbaijan (Shirvan), tan iyo 861 sano, noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Shirvanshahs iyo gudbiyaan ay awood marayo dhaxalka. Magac ahaan hoos timaada Khaliifkii, laakiin dhab ahaantii taliyayaal si buuxda u madax banaan. Waqti ka, xataa tiirsanaanta a magacaaban la waayay.

Shirvanshakhs caasimada asal ahaan ahaa Shamakhi, Baku iyo markaas. Dawladdu waxay socotay ilaa 1538, markii la dhexgeliyey gobolka Faaris Safavid.

Isla mar ahaantaana ku yaalla koonfurta dalka waxaa ka joogay gobolka sidoo kale isku xigta Sajids, Salaris, Shaddadis, Ravvadids, kaas oo sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ma aqoonsana xoogga midowga ah oo dhan, ama u sameeyey si rasmi ah oo kaliya.

Turkization Azerbaijan

No yar muhiim ah in sheekada badan Islaamka ee gobolka uu keeno Fatxi Carabta, waxay ahayd Turkization sabab u duulaankii ee qabiilooyinka kala duwan Turkic reer guuraaga ah. Laakiin, in la barbardhigo nidaamka Islaamka ku kala dhowr qarniyo. Adkee muhiimadda dhacdadan arrimo dhowr ah in sifaha luqada casriga ah Azerbaijan iyo dhaqanka ee dadka casriga ah ee dalka ayaa asal ahaan ka Turkic.

racii ugu horreeyey ee duulaankii Turkish ahaa duulaanka ah qabiilooyinka Seljuk Oguz ka Central Asia, kuwaas oo ka dhacay qarnigii XI ee. Waxaa la socday halligaad weyn iyo burburinta dadka deegaanka. ee Azerbaijan dadka degan badan oo ay u baxsadaan, u cararay buuraha. Sidaa darteed, waa gobollada buuraleyda ah ee dalka soo gaaray Turkization ah ugu yaraan. Halkan Diinta xukuma ahaa Masiixiyada, iyo dadka isku qasan Azerbaijan ayaa la kuwaas oo ku noolaa gobollada buurta by Armenians. Isla mar ahaantaana, haray meelo ay, dadka isku qasan ugu guulaysannaa Turkic wareegay afkooda iyo dhaqankooda, laakiin waqti isku mid ah loo ilaalin iyo dhaxalka dhaqanka awowayaashood. Taasoo keentay in ka qodan this ee asalkiisa noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Azeris ee mustaqbalka.

Ka dib burburkii qaranka hal Seljuks ee dalka reer South Azerbaijan garoomada Ildegezidov ka soo jeedo Turkish, ka dibna si kooban u qabtay dalalka Khwarizmshahs.

In qeybtii hore ee qarnigii XIII ah, Caucasus waxaa la hoos geliyey duulaanka Mongol ah. Azerbaijan ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa in gobolka Hulaguid Mongol guri ammaan ah xuddun in la joogo-maalin Iran.

Ka dib markii dayrta ee guri ammaan ee 1355 Hulaguid, Azerbaijan waqti gaaban waa qayb ka mid ah gobolka Tamerlane, ka dibna qayb ka mid ah hay'adaha dadweynaha qabiilooyinka Oguz Kara Koyunlu iyo AK Koyunlu of noqdo. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro xilliga this waa dhismaha ugu dambeeya ee Qaranka ee Azerbaijan.

Azerbaijan waa qayb ka mid ah Iran

Ka dib markii dayrta ee gobolka AK Koyunlu, in 1501, gayiga Iran iyo koonfurta Azerbaijan waxaa la aasaasay gobolka Safavid awood leh xarunta in Tabriz. Later caasimada lagu wareejiyay magaalada Iran ee Qazvin iyo Isfahan.

gobolka Safavid leeyahay dhammaan astaamihii ay boqortooyadii this. Gaar ahaan halganka madax kiciyay Safavids galbeed oo leh awooda sii kordhaysa ee Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, oo ay ku jiraan in Caucasus.

In 1538, Safavids u suurtagashay in ay ka adkaan gobolka Shirvanshahs. Sidaas darteed, hoos imanayn taliskooda waxay ahayd soohdintii reer Azerbaijan oo casri ah oo dhan. Iran ayaa la hayo gacan ku haynta dalka iyo dhaxaysay qarniyadii socda - Hotak, Afsharid qoyskii iyo Zand. In -1795, Iran ee guri ammaan Qajar boqor ka soo jeedo Turkic.

Iyadoo Azerbaijan ayaa horay loo kala qaybiyey khanates yar oo badan, kuwaas oo ku yiil hoos timaada xukuumadda Iran dhexe.

Fatxi ee Azerbaijan by Empire Ruushka

isku day ugu horeysa ee ay gacanta ku Ruush badan dhulka ee Azerbaijan laga hoos sameeyey Peter I. Laakiin halka horumarinta Empire Ruush ee Caucasus ee aan guul badan.

Xaaladda bedeshay ka dib qeybtii hore ee qarnigii XIX ah. In koorsada of labadii dagaal Ruush-Faarisi, kaas oo socday muddo ka 1804 si ay u 1828, Empire Ruush uu LABAGEEDI dhow soohdinta reer Azerbaijan oo casri ah oo dhan.

Waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah dhibcood ka leexdo, waa laga buuxiyay oo leh taariikh. Azerbaijan tan iyo markaas waxa uu ahaa waqti dheer oo la xidhiidha Russia. Waa joogista ku meel gaar ah ee Empire Ruush waa bilowga ah ee wax soo saarka saliidda ee Azerbaijan iyo horumarinta warshadaha.

Azerbaijan ee USSR

Ka dib markii Kacaanka Oktoobar, waxaa jiray ee arrinka la xiriira baahinta ee gobollada kala duwan oo ka mid ah Empire hore Ruush. In May 1918, Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Azerbaijan ka madax banaan la aasaasay. Laakiin gobolka dhallinyarada inuusan noolaanayn in halganka la Bolsheviks ah, oo ay ku jiraan ay sabab u tahay is burinaya gudaha. In 1920 waxaa la baabiiyo.

Bolsheviks la aasaasay Azerbaijan sii buurayn. Asal ahaan waxa qayb ka mid ah Federation Transcaucasian ahaa, laakiin 1936 ayaa noqday si buuxda hay'ad isku faca ah ee USSR. Caasimadda ah ee gobolka ee waxbarashada waxay ahayd magaaladii Baku. Muddadan, horumarinta degdegga ah iyo magaalooyinka kale ee Azerbaijan.

Laakiin sanadkii 1991, burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti ka dhacay. In la xidhiidha dhacdadan sii buurayn ee Azerbaijan joogsatay si uu u jiro.

Azerbaijan oo casri ah

gobolka Independent noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Jamhuuriyadda Azerbaijan. Madaxweynaha ayaa ugu horreeya ee Azerbaijan - Ayaz Mutalibov, hore ee Xoghayaha hore kowaad ee Guddiga Jamhuuriga ee xisbiga shuuciga ah. Meeshii isaga ku xigtayna, sidoo kale booskaasi ee madaxa gobolka Abulfaz Elchibey iyo Heydar Aliyev. Currently, Madaxweynaha Azerbaijan - ina dambe ee, Ilham Aliyev. Waxa uu la wareegay xilka ee 2003.

Dhibaatada ugu daran ee Azerbaijan casriga ah - waa isku dhaca Karabakh, taas oo bilaabay sida ugu horreysa ee dhamaadka Midowga Soofiyeeti. In koorsada of horimad dhiig ku daatay oo u dhexeeya ciidamada dowladda ee Azerbaijan iyo dadkii degganaa Karabakh, iyada oo taageero Armenia ee, Jamhuuriyadda juun ee Artsakh waxaa la aasaasay. Azerbaijan aragto dhulka ee iyaga u gaar ah, si colaadda waxaa si joogto ah cusboonaadey.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa mid aan macquul ma ah in la ogaado guulaha Azerbaijan ee dhismaha dawlad madax bannaan. Haddii mustaqbalka horumarka, kuwaas oo la soo saari doonaa, barwaaqada ay dalka u noqon doontaa natiijada dabiiciga ah ee dadaalka badan ee dawladda iyo dadka.