Taariikhda ah ee jimicsi. athleticism

Jimicsi - Nidaamka jimicsiga ayaa sameeyay in Giriigii hore ka hor inta aannu ka qabno. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo asalka ah ee erayga. The ugu horeysay - "COLLEGE", kaas oo tarjumayaa "Tababaraha" ama "tababare". Shirka labaad ee: "gimnos" - "qaawan" maxaa yeelay, jimicsi samaynaya dad Gariig ah oo aan dhar.

Iyada oo jimicsiyada ka mid ahaa ciidamada layliyo, koritaanka guud, fardaha faras, qoob ka dhaqan, dabaasha. Waxa kale oo ka mid ahaa kuwii ka dhacay Olympic Games: ordaya, dagaal, boodada, dagaal feedh, tuuraya, iyagoo fuushan gaadhifardood.

Taariikhda ah ee jimicsi

Fall of Boqortooyada Roomaanka ka qayb qaatay horumarinta scholasticism, obscurantism, qaribaadii, oo korkoodana waxaa jimicsi (iyo sidoo kale guulaha kale ee fanka qadiimiga ah iyo dhaqanka) ayaa la illoobay. In qarniyo XIV-XV. humanism aasaasay. Fikirka Dadweynaha waxaa loogu talagalay ilaalinta sharafta iyo xoriyada oo dhan-wareega horumarinta shakhsiyadda, iyo fiiro gaar ah ayaa lagu bixiyey in caafimaadka jirka. Markaas oo keliya dadka doonaa mar kale in ay dhaqanka qadiimiga ah u soo jeestay, oo si tartiib ah u bilaabay inuu soo bandhigo nidaamka waxbarashada iyo kooxdiisa jirka - jimicsi.

meel muhiim ah in horumarinta ee ay shaqada sayniska iyo shuqullada qorayaasha, faylosuufiinta, dhakhaatiirta. Tusaale ahaan, shaqo ee dhakhtarka Talyaani Jerome Merkurialisa "On farshaxanka jimicsi", ka tixaha qoraaga Fransua Rable, ka shaqeeya ee Pestalozzi (macalinka Swiss), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (baraha Faransiis iyo falsafo).

In XVIII ah - qarnigii XIX goor hore. Germany muuqday for lasiman kuwaas oo abuuray dugsiyada la saarayo on tababar jireed - jimicsi. layliyo ayaa loogu talagalay taam ah G. iyo I. brojektikani, Mutsu. Waxa ay sidoo kale wax baray.

tababare jimicsi Jarmal FL Jan horumariyo nidaamka "Tour". Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah layliyada on bar siman, siddo, bar siman, baararka isku midka ah, faras. Sayidka dhamaaday taariikhda qadiimiga ah ee ah ee jimicsi. Photo of mid ka mid ah wakiilo ka sports casriga ah hoos kaalinta.

Jimicsi u sidii cayaareed a

In 1817, ardayda F. Amorosa lagu qabtay tartanka ka hor dadweynaha ee Paris. In 1859, isku dayaysa in ay soo nooleeyo ciyaaraha Olimbikada ee laga soo qaatay. Sayidka bilaabay taariikhda ah ee jimicsi u sidii cayaareed ah.

Xitaa xertii Jan F. iyo M. Miroslav Tyrš ayaa qiyaasay xoog, tartanka jimicsi. Laakiin aqoonsan yahay jimicsi cayaaraha kaliya ee 1896, markii la mid ah barnaamijka Olympic. Ku saleysan oo ka mid ah tartamada ugu horeysay ahaayeen wareegga, jimicsi on qalabka. In 1932 waxaa lagu daray tartanka orodka ee, ku dhacday saaray, oo kedis ah ku Xadhig.

The taariikhda oo ka mid ah soo ifbaxa jimicsi ayaa sheegay in muddo wakhti dheer ee Olympics goob joog ka ahaa raggii, iyo kaliya tan iyo 1928 - haweenka. Marka hore - tartankaan kooxda, iyo ugu danbeyn in keli ah.

Sidee sameeyey xiriirka caalamiga ah

In 1881, Ururka Yurub waxaa la sameeyay. Waxay ka kooban yahay Belgium, France, Netherlands. Waxa uu si degdeg ah isku ballaariyeen, iyo in 1897 waxaa habayn galay Jimicsigga International Federation (berdaha). Si aad u taariikhda waxaa ka mid ah 122 dal. Waxay, ee jeedo, waa xubin ka mid ah Ururka Guud ee International Sports Federations iyo aqoonsaday by IOC (Guddiga Olympic International). Qaab dhismeedka wuxuu ka kooban yahay fulinta berdaha iyo guddi farsamo ee jimicsi, aerobics, guddiga jimnaastik, boodi. xubnahooda waxaa la doortaa afartii sanaba hal mar.

casriga

The horyaalka ugu horeysay ee jimicsi dunida bilaabay si ay u fuliyaan in 1903. Athletes tartanka kooxda, sidaa darteed in horyaalka shaqsi. Ilaa 1996, ka qaybgalayaasha sameeyaa jimicsi sida khasab ah iyo random. Markaas, barnaamijka la soo dhaafay ka tagay oo kaliya.

Jimicsi, taariikhda iyo horumarka taas oo u dhaco ilaa hadda dib ugu Qarniyadii hore, ee wakhtigan casriga ah waxaa la soo nooleeyey in Europe. horyaalka Yurub ayaa lagu qabtay nin ee 1955 iyo haween ka mid ah - in 1957 ciyaaray baxay horyaalka shaqsi. Tan iyo 1994 - iyo xataa kooxda.

In Luxembourg, Congress waa lagu soo shiriyey ee 1982, kaas oo go'aansaday in la dhiso Midowga Yurub ka mid ah Jimicsigga. Waxa uu ku hawlan horumarinta, horumar, kororka of jimicsi ee Europe. Sida taariikhda ah ee jimicsi, this xiiso, isboortiga cajiib ah la soo bandhigay ma aha oo kaliya in ay Olympic Games, horyaalka Yurub iyo adduunka, laakiin sidoo kale ee koobabka caalamiga ah, tartamada qaaradda.

jirka u-dhiska

Jimicsiga biruhu (miisaanka, dumbbells, barbells) - this jimicsi fudud, taariikhda dhacdada kuwaas oo uu bilaabo qarnigii IV ee BC. e. Ujeedada - horumarinta caafimaadka, horumarinta muruqa.

Si inay ka qayb qaataan tartamada in Giriigii hore, ciyaartoyda ayaa la ogol yahay in ay kor u xamuulka culus. layliyo gaar ah xubno qalaama Waxaa la soo saaray. Marka hore, waxay Yururb geeddi-socodka shaqada, dagaal. Waqti ka, isboortiga noqday muujin ka mid ah dhaqanka. In qarniyo XIX-XX. soo saaray faa'iidooyin badan in ay gutaan description ee horumarka ah ee kooxaha muruqa la miisaanka. Waxaa jira xiiso ee dhanka muruqa ah, dadka xoogga. Lagu qabtay horyaalka ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah weightlifters, wrestlers.

Athleticism ee Russia

Taariikhda ah ee jimicsi ula lala magaca dhakhtarka V. M. Kraevskogo. In 1885 wuxuu abaabulay goobo ka mid ah ciyaaraha fudud hiwaayadda. Laba iyo toban sannadood ka dib, in St. Petersburg furay bulshada ugu horeysay. Laakiin ka dib markii 1917 athleticism baaba'ayso galay asalka. Si degdeg ah horumarinta isboortiga awood kale.

Jidka horumarinta jimicsi fudud ee Russia adkeyd. Sababo fikirka bodybuilding loo arkaa shaqo waxyeello, laakiin sanadkii 1987, culeyska Yu. P. Vlasov sameeyey xiriirka All-Union of athleticism.