Ivan Red. Years of Ivan II Red

Ivan Red, Ivan ama 2, waa mid ka mid ah nooc ka mid ah Grand ugaasyadii. Waxa uu ku dhashay ee Moscow on March 30, 1326. Wuxuu ahaa wiilka labaad ee Ivan dalkaasi 1 iyo Princess Elena - xaaskiisa ugu horeysay boqorka. Naanaysta ahaa Red Ivan, sida laga soo xigtay qaar ka mid ah taariikhda, sababta oo ah quruxdiisa gaar ah. Sida laga soo xigtay version kale, maxaa yeelay, dhalashadiisa maalinta Quasimodo quduuska ah ku dhacay, ama sida waxa loo yaqaan buuraha Red.

Xaqa ay u xukumaan

In 1340, uu u dhintay Ivan dalkaasi 1, laakiin sannad ka hor inta uusan dhiman, uu, wada jir ah ula Wiilashii Simecoon iyo ka weyn Ivan, tegey Khan ee Horde ah. Markaasaa boqorkii wuxuu ku doonayay in ku qoran marka hore si ay u maamulaan si ay guriga Moscow, maxaa yeelay waqtigan soo noolaaday kibir Tver ah, madaxa oo loo dhigay taliye xoog Alexander. Waxa uu sidoo kale leeyahay in la ahaa curadkii Ivana Kality tartamaan, iyo sidoo kale sheegtay in ay awood wayn. Sidaas darteed, Simecoon helay qoraalka on boqortooyada weyn oo ka dib markii dhimasho aabbihiis bilaabay inuu u taliyo gobolka.

Zvenigorod Prince

ina labaad ee Ivan dalkaasi, Ivan Red, sida ay tahay doonista aabbihiis, faa'iiday control of 23 magaalo iyo tuulooyinkoodii, ugu muhiimsan ay ahaayeen Ruza iyo Zvenigorod. Intaa waxaa dheer, in ay maamul kale oo uu ahaa a saddexaad ee Moscow, ka helay by wada-lahaanshaha saddex walaalo ah. Sayidka, Ivan Red heshay horyaalka ee Prince of Zvenigorod.

Marka aabbihiis dhintay, waxa uu ahaa 14 sano jir. Oo waagaas waxaa loo tixgeliyaa in ku dhow nin u korsan ah. Xataa markaas, dhallinyarada amiir la ma arag sida siyaasadda madax banaan. Ivan ayaa had iyo jeer ku hadhay hooska hawlaha walaalkiis Simecoon kibirsan oo tayo gaar ah ma hantiyeen.

Tusaale ahaan A duwanyihiin ee bayaankan waa xaqiiqda soo socda. In 1348, dhulka dalka oo Novgorod si lama filaan ah ku soo duulay oo boqorka Swedish Magnus 2 iyo ciidankiisa. Simecoon kibirsan ee u cid diray in gargaarka walaalkooda deriska Ivan, laakiin wuu ka cabsaday dagaallo ay la galeen ciidanka cadowga iyo dib u Moscow dhaqsatay. By markii ugu Sweden maareeyeen in ay gacanta lowska qalcaddii oo ay qabsadaan darsin ah kuwii gobta ahaa. Sidaas darteed, Novgorod lahaa si ay ula qabsadaan uu cadowga u gaar ah, iyo Ivan Red marnaba raadinaya qudhiisu ammaanta military.

Grand Duke

In 1353 ee Moscow, cudurka faafa ee cudurku sheegay in badan oo ka mid ah noloshooda. Aysan iyo Simecoon qoyska kibirsan ee u tudhay. uu dhintay ka dib, walaalka ka yar Ivan Cas si lama filaan ah helay isaga qudhiisa helay horyaalka ee Grand Duke. Waxa uu gabi ahaanba ahaa mid aan diyaar u this, maxaa yeelay, isagu ma uu karin inuu wax ku ool ah ay maamulaan.

Horde waqtigan xaaladda weli ma ay soo dhexgalay. Waqtigaas, haddeer bay dhimatay Khan Usbakis, sidaas Taliyayaashuna intay si dhakhso ah in ay lahaayeen oo innaba mar ama tamarta si aad u hesho ganacsi oo ka mid ah madaxda Ruush beddelo. Waa in la ogaadaa in yar oo doonay inay arkaan Ivan sida taliyahooda. amiirradii gaar ah had iyo jeer soo jiitay si looga hortago xoogga Ivan 2. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, machinations oo dhan aan ku guuleysanin.

Muddada

Ivan Red 2 weli dalkaasi xoog sano oo kaliya 6 jir. Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhyahan, waxa ay ahayd wakiilka u huraan oo ah amiirradii oo dhan panulirus Kalitichey kii abid qabsadeen carshiga. Inta badan, Ivan 2 oo wuxuu ogaa wuxuu lahaa go'aano kama dhaqmaan iyo in ay sii wadaan siyaasadda eryadeen aabbihiis iyo walaalkiis oday by, laakiin, waxba ma uu samayn kareen.

itaaldarrada Grand ee Duke cusub ku dhow isla markiiba laftiisa muujiyey. Bilaabidda weeraro badan oo ay dalka. Prince Ryazanskiy awoodaan in ay qabsadaan Lopasnya amro dhexeeya Moscow iyo Serpukhov. Lithuanians, markeeda, hogaaminayo ciidamada si Mozhaisk iyo soo rogay uu Kiev Metropolitan. Novgorod in Horde waxay bilaabeen inay mu'aamaraad ka dhanka ah Ivan 2 iyo uu hakadgeliyay prochit meel - Suzdal Prince Constantine. Iyo in ay hogaanka oo dhan, Knights dirir gudaha bilaabay in Moscow laftiisa, oo waxaa jiray dab.

xaaladaha oo dhan, kuwaas oo aan si kasta oo ka geysan karaan in lagu xoojiyo xooggii Ivan 2. Inta badan, isagu ma uu awoodi doono inuu qaban kelyaha awoodda gacmahooda ku, sida itaaldarrada kuwa wakhtigaas ahaa raaxo ah, haddii aan muddo laba arrimood. First - taageero ah boyars Moscow, kuwaas oo aan rabin in ilaa siiyo mudnaanta ay, kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - kiniisadda.

Taariikhda ogyahay tusaalooyin badan oo markii shakhsiyadda daciif ah taliyaha kacda tirada awood badan. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxa uu ahaa ka dibna madaxa Kaniisadda Orthodox, taas oo uu leeyahay maskax gaar ah, a xirfadaha diblomaasiyadeed cajiib ah iyo doonis xoog leh, Metropolitan Alexy. Waxa ay ahayd iyada oo uu taageero ee Ivan 2 Red u suurtagashay in ay sii uu horyaalka ee Grand Duke of Moscow ilaa dhimashadiisii 1359.

natiijooyinka

taariikhyahanadu badan oo u muuqdaan in ay aaminsan yihiin in boqornimadii Ivan Red ma keenaan waxba Moscow Russia laakiin gargaarka saamaynta ay ku kibir deriska. mudnaanta kaliya amiirku this Fiirsaday Inaan Ku Biiro dalalkan Kostroma iyo Dmitrov in Moscow. Waxa uu sidoo kale loo yaqaan in ay aabbe u ahaa Dmitry Donskoy - Taliyaha Ruush weyn, kuwaas oo ku guuleystay in ay Battle of Kulikov.