Musin-Pushkin, Alexei Ivanovich: Biography, shaqada

AI Musin-Pushkin (1744-1818 GG.) - ururiyaha yaqaan iyo ururiyaha dukumentiyada jir Ruush iyo qoraal gacmeedyada hore, sidoo kale taxadiri dhabta ah. Shuqulkiisa saamayn weyn ku saabsan horumarinta sayniska taariikhiga Ruush ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XVIII ah, marka saynisyahano Ruush iyo cilmi xiiso dhab ah cilmi u yimid on dhaafay ee dalkeenna.

Tirada Activity ee macnaha guud ee xilligii

Alexei Musin-Pushkin ahaa wakiil caadiga ah ee Zaman Catherine ayaa, marka waxaa jiray xiiso in ururinta, faafinta codices qadiimiga ah ee wareegyada caqliga. Ka sokow garaaf, saynisyahano badan oo kale ayaa sidoo kale ku waalan yahay qadiimiga taxadiri. Boqortooyada Catherine II - muddada waxbarashada ee dalka, marka wareegyada aqoon faafin Xukuntay of baahida loo qabo in wax ka baran ee la soo dhaafay ee Russia.

Aad u badan oo ka mid ah waxgaradka ahaayeen qanacsanayn Lagaga fikradaha shisheeye, xamaasad qayb muhiim ah oo sayniska Western iyo aqoonyahanno ku dayashada fashion ka mid ah wax kasta oo shisheeye ah. Sida mucaaradka ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah kuwo jir ah waxaa jiray aaminsan in si taxadir leh loo tixgeliyo, iyo ugu muhiimsan - waxay kor u qaadaan Qarniyadii hore ee qaranka ee indhaha dadweynaha si ay u abuurto in akhristaha fikradda ah asalnimada iyo aqoonsiga qaranka ee taariikhda Ruush. Lagaga ee fikradahaan goostay hamiday ee Tirinta ururinta waraaqaha qadiimiga ah iyo qoraal gacmeedyada.

Tirada Life Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee

Biography Musin-Pushkin xiiso leh ee dareenka ah in waxa uu muujinayaa sida uu, isagoo aan ahayn taariikhyahan ah oo khibrad leh, ka dib oo dhan, kaalin muhiim ah horumarinta sayniska this. Waxa uu ku dhashay qabiilka reer Captain Guard, wuxuu ka School madaafiicda ah, kaas oo aan ilaa xad loo diyaariyey fasalada taariikhda Ruush qalin. Isna wuxuu u adeegay sidii adjutant in Orlov, iyo markii uu ka fariistay, ka dibna u baxay inuu safar dibadda, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo uu booqday tiro ka mid ah dalalka Yurub. Marka uu ku soo laabtay Russia, waxaa loo magacaabay sayidkiisa xafladaha. Muddo sanado ah, uu isagu iigula adeegay in hay'adaha dawladda ee kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan isagoo Xeer sare ee Synod ee. In sano ee uu ka dib wuxuu noolaa Moscow, halkaas oo uu sii waday in uu waxqabad badan dhala of ururinta Antiquities.

Features of cilmi

Musin-Pushkin ahaa jeclaan of taxadiri qadiimiga ah iyo qoraal gacmeedyada. Marka tan la eegayo, hawlaha ay tahay in la tixgeliyo on par leh kuwa soo bandhiga archivists caan ah sida kale oo waaweyn oo caan ah sida Bantysh-Kamensky, Novikov, Rumyantsev, iwm Kulligood waxay ku dadaalaan in ay dadka la qaraami ah ee Ruush iyo waxa ka soo horjeeda in ay saamayn Yurub Western taas oo markaa ka adkaaday ee sayniska iyo cilmiga sayniska. Sida laga soo xigtay iyaga, kaliya daraasadda ilaha qadiimiga ah ku darsan kari lahaayeen fahamka ee asalnimada ee geedi socodka taariikheed ee Russia, iyo sidoo kale ka caawiyay in ay fahmaan farqiga u dhexeeya ay jidkiisa ka soo Western Europe.

Musin-Pushkin, ku simaha in ruuxa uu waqti, la siiyo ururinta qoraallada dareenka weyn. Ujeedadiisa ahaa Gaarna waxbarashada: si barasho bulshada sayniska iyo dadweynaha reading la taxadiri. peculiarity ee uu cilmi ahayd in uu soo ururiyay wax kasta oo bartey lahaa in la sameeyo garashada hore meel kasta noqon kartaa muhiimad weyn u leeyahay waxbarashada wadaniyiinta.

Ururinta waraaqaha jir

Haddii aan buunbuunin, waxaan dhihi karaa in Musin-Pushkin u dhaqmeen si wayn. Xaqiiqada ah in ay qabsadeen waqtiyo kala duwan sare jagooyinka rasmi ah u furay fursad ku filan si ay u ururiyaan iyo kaydka ah taxadiri ugu qiimaha badan. Muhiimad gaar ah ay ahayd markii ugu markii uu ahaa badhasaabkii sare ee Synod ee. At uu adkeysi, Catherine II 1792 soo saaray amar gaar ah hordhac u noqoshada ee archives keniisad taariikhda qadiimiga ah, liisaska iyo taxadiri suugaanta odayga.

Sidaas gaar ah in ay muhiimadda qoraalladii laga helay: liiska ugu da'da weyn ee bilowga taariikhda Laurentian, mid ka mid ah liisaska asalka Ruush Pravda iyo dukumentiyada kale ee qiimo leh. In gobollada ee Musin-Pushkin lahaa wakiilada gaar ah si ay u iibsadaan ilaa waraaqaha jir. Intaa waxaa dheer, bibliophiles badan, oo og hamiday ee ururinta qoraallada Tiri wuxuu bilaabay inuu ku wareejiyo nuqullo ah; gees u ahaa oo aan ka tagay xataa Catherine II ah, kaas oo sidoo kale isaga siiyey goosin ka mid ah qoraallada uu.

The daahfurtay ugu weyn

Tiri Musin-Pushkin ugu horayn waxa loo yaqaan for xaqiiqda ah in uu leeyahay si ay ugu dabaal furitaanka taallo qadiimiga ah "Lay." In xidhiidh la leh xaalad dambe, magaca waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu yaqaan in ay walba oo dhigta dugsiga. Ururiyaha qudhiisa si degdeg ah xaqiiqsadeen in muhiimadda la helay, oo soo dag degay si ay u daabacaan il this gaar ah. Nasiib wanaag, si taallo la badbaadiyey iyo hadda waa la heli karo faafinta dadweynaha guud. Waxay ahayd qiyaas aad u waqtiga, sida ururinta gaar ah archivist la gubay inta lagu jiro dabka ee Moscow ee 1812 xilligii dagaaladii of Napoleon. The dab lagu dilay dad badan oo kale oo qiimo leh uga taxadiri.

Musin-Pushkin, Alexei Ivanovich furay inuu cilmi ilo gaar ah sida buugga regal iyo Nikon Chronicle. Waxay ahayd daahfurka aad u muhiim ah, maxaa yeelay waxa ay ahayd waqti this, taariikhyahanadu badan oo Ruush ah ayaa la soo qoraal shuqullada aasaasiga ah taariikhda Russia, iyo dad badan oo iyaga ka mid ah loo isticmaalo qalabka garaafka.

hawlaha Publishing

Taageerayaasha Qarniyadii Ruush ma ahan oo keliya raadinaya, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u daabacaan natiijooyinka ay asalka ah. Hadafkoodu wuxuu ahaa, sida ku xusan kor, si ay u soo bandhigaan, reading dadweynaha la qadiimiga Ruush taariikhda. Sidaa darteed, daabacaadda taxadiri ahaa muhiim in hawlahooda waxbarasho.

Adage e taariikhda waxbarasho sayniska iyo qoraallada ma tahay qayb ka mid ah hawsha, laakiin markii ay daabaceen compilers il of ururinta Ulasocto ilaha qaar ka mid ah comments ugu qiimaha badan iyo indha indheyn, oo maanta aan laga badiyay ku tacaluqa. Lagu gartaa xaqiiqada ah in ku-Musin Pushkin, iyo sidoo kale daabacayaasha kale asal ahaan waxba kama uu qoray in ururinayaan uruuriyaa, sidaas dadaalaya in ay si buuxda u jeediso dareenka akhristaha ee dokumentiga.

publications Kuwani si cad u arki karo iyo ujeedada daabacaadda. Musin-Pushkin in hadaladiisa lagu taariikhda la daabacay inta badan laments xaqiiqda ah in intelligentsia aad u dooneysa guulihii sayniska shisheeye iyo dayaco taariikhda Ruush qadiimiga ah.

hawlaha kale

Waxaa intaas dheer in ilo ururinta qadiimiga ah, Alexey waxaa ku hawlan hawlaha sayniska iyo maamulka. Wuxuu xubin ka ahaa oo ka mid ah Academy of Sciences iyo ka qayb shuqulka ururinayaan dictionary ah. Laakiin mid ka mid ah ugu barwaaqo ah ee uu shaqada ay ahayd shaqo ah Academy of Arts. Waxa uu soo ururiyay shuqullada sayid Yurub, muuqaalkii xardho fasalka la furay hoos horsed ay. Wuxuu meeshan seefqaad ah dad badan oo caan ah sida Shubin, Kozlovsky iyo kuwa kale.

Musin-Pushkin ahaa xiriir la saynisyahano si fiican u yaqaan oo caan ah sida uu waqtiga sida Bantysh-Kamensky, Karamzin, Boltin, Dubrovsky. Waxay diyaar u ah inay u isticmaalaan marka qoraal gacmeedyada shuqulladiisa yihiin.

Qiimaha shaqada tirinta horumarinta ee taariikh qaran

Hawlaha Alexei Ivanovich waa in la tixgeliyaa ee macnaha guud ee Zaman. Wakhtigan, sida kor ku xusan, saynisyahano badan ayaa si dhab ah ku hawlan daabaco ilaha Ruush qadiimiga ah. Marka tan la eego, magaca garaafka la gelin karaa on par leh khubaro waaweyn ee archives, sida Bantysh-Kamensky iyo Novikov.

Natiijooyinka waxaa ka qiimo waxbarasho taariikhda ee la soo dhaafay ee dalka, sida ku cad xaqiiqada ah in taariikhyahanadu waaweyn natiijooyinka uu isticmaalaa in diyaarinta shuqulladiisa aasaasiga ah. Photo Musin-Pushkin noo muujinaysaa in ay ahayd ma aha oo kaliya sharaf aad u saameynta uu waqti, laakiin sidoo kale aad u xariif ah, caqli iyo nin aqoon.