Ilia Chavchavadze: xaqiiqooyinka taariikh nololeedkooda oo xiiso leh

Chavchavadze Ilya Grigorevich - Qoraaga Joorijiyaan, Abwaan, amiir, kooxda heysata horyaalka ee gobannimada iyo madaxbannaanida qaranka. In 1987 wuxuu ahaa canonized by Church Orthodox ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa loo magacaabay by Ilia Quduuska ah kuwa Suuban. Bilowga ee qarnigii 20aad waxaa loo tixgeliyaa tirada Chavchavadze ugu caansan Joorijiyaan qaranka. Maqaalkani waxa uu soo bandhigi doonaa inuu Biography gaaban. Aynu aad u bilowdo.

Ilia Chavchavadze: siyaasadda

geesiga ah ee qodobkan helay waxbarashada sharciga ee St. Petersburg University. Laakiin sabab u ah "ardayga ee taariikhda" in 1861 uu lahaa si ay u tagaan dugsiga ninkii dhallinyarada.

Bilowga ee 1864 Ilia Chavchavadze loo magacaabay caawiyaha u-Governor General, oo wuxuu tegey on mission a gobol Kutaisi. oo amiir u ahaa si loo ogaado dareenka ah oo ka mid ah yaroow iyo mulkiilayaasha ee.

Afarta sano ee soo socota Chavchavadze hadlay dhexdhexaadiye nabadda ee gobolka Tiflis ah. Waxa uu sidoo kale shaqeeyey garsoore ee gobolka this ilaa 1874tii. Intaa waxaa dheer, Eliiyaah keentay faafidda qorista ka mid ah bulshada dadka reer Georgia. In 1906, Abwaan loo doortay xubin ka mid ah Golaha State ee ku abtirsan. uu khibradiisa siyaasadeed dhan dagaalamaya hoosaad ee Georgia. Marka tan la eego dhanka ah amiirka dhaqmeen sida xubno ka mid ah RSDLP ah, iyo masuuliyiinta Empire Ruush ah.

dilka

Dhamaadka August 1907, Ilia Chavchavadze, kuwaas oo shaqo la hoos lagu qeexay doonaa, la Tegay naagtiisa Olga leh. Lamaanihii fuushan qaadee furan ka Tbilisi in Saguramo. Near stop ay band Tsitsamuri Gigla Berbichashvili (Imeretia, Ivan Inashvili, Pavle Aptsiauri, George Khizanishvili). Xubin kasta oo ka mid ah burcadda lahaa hubka. Chavchavadze soo jeestay in ay burcadda, ". Ha ganaan, Waxaan ahay Ilya" Gigla ku jawaabay: "Taasi waa sababta aan lagu qasbay in ay dab la furo." Ka dib markii in, waxaa jiray codka tallaalka.

Vakhtang Giruli in uu buugga daliishaday opinion mid ka mid ah dhaqaatiirta ugu weyn ee markii ugu yeedhay Iashvili. Socon xataa in kastoo uusan pathologist iyo saynisyahan foreensiga, laakiin dhaleeceeyay xogta ee falka furitaanka rasmiga ah. Sida laga soo xigtay Iashvili toogtay uu sameeyey ma in hore iyo gadaal. Taasi waa, dab furay gaadmo labaad, taas oo xitaa ma oga baandada Berbichashvili ka.

xukumay

Dadka intooda badan waxay aaminsan yihiin in dilka Chavchavadze wali si buuxda looma xalin. xubnaha baandooyinka Berbichashvili xaq ku noqday gobolka saboolka ah ee hubka iyaga u gaar ah, oo lagu sheegay in maxkamadda in "waxaa iska tegey keligeed." Waxa ay sidoo kale beeniyay jiritaanka macaamiisha. carmalka Abwaan maxkamadda ka codsaday in naf la badbaadiyo ee tuugagga ku, iyo sidaas maamuusaan, xusuusta reer ninkeeda. Laakiin, by go'aanka "tribunal Stolypin ee", baandada (baxsanaya Imeretia mooyee) waxaa la dilay.

versions

Currently, qaar ka mid ah qorayaasha kuwaa oo aan aqoon af Joorijiyaan iyo taariikhda, sida ay Prince killers Bolshevik (Ruush). Tusaale ahaan, sida uu sheegay Professor Anna Geifman, Ilia Chavchavadze madax waddaniyiinta keentay halganka ka dhanka ah Socialist-dimuqraadiga. la soo dhaafay waxay keentay Filipp Bolshevik ku Makharadze. Isagu ma uu ku faraxsan yahay la naqdiyay barnaamijka on qayb ka mid ah amiirka. Tani waxay si weyn u wiiqay jago siyaasadeed ee Bolsheviks ah. Geifman Chavchavadze loo arkaa sababta ugu weyn ee dilka uu caan u weyn sida qofka iyo qoraa. Anna All this u dhashay oo ku saabsan hawlaha siyaasadeed ee Ilya G. ka fiirsaneysa in uu wadeen yaroow ka hantiwadaagga xagjirka ah.

Dhab ahaantii taasi run ma aha. Haddii professor ogaa taariikhda Georgia, waxaan jeclaan lahaa in aan ka dhigay gunaanad khalad sida. Waa midda koowaade, Ummadda ee taageerayaasha markii loo yaqaan ma Chavchavadze oo uu soo horjeeda Nikoladze. Marka labaad, xisbiga hantiwadaagnimadu ma wadaagno halka ku Mensheviks iyo Bolsheviks ah. Saddexaad, xisbiga Ilya G. ahaa in yarna iyo ma guuleysan doorashada.

Waxa sidoo kale jira versions kale. Tusaale ahaan, xisbiga Sooshal dimuqraadiga tixgeliyo qabanqaabiyaha dil ee booliska qarsoodi ah. Ujeeddada Abwaan dhigay booska dawladda ka soo horjeeda oo ay halgan for baabiiyo ciqaabta dilka.

abuuridda

1857 - sannadkan, markii uu bilaabay si ay u daabacaan shuqulladiisa Ilia Chavchavadze. gabayo Abwaan ayaa u muuqday in publications kala duwan: wargeyska "Droeba" magazine "Tsiskari", aasaasay by isaga "Sakartvelos Moambe", iwm Laakiin gabay ugu caansan ee Prince:. "Hooyada iyo Wiilka", "Kabiin Qandho," "Dmitry Samopozhertvovatel", "Ruuxa", "dhacdo The uga noqdeen nolosha tuugo ah" Sidoo kale Chavchavadze qoray tixaha sida "deldelaadda", "sheekada Christmas", "sheeko la yaab leh", "Waraaqaha socotada", "Story of miskiin yahay", "Katsia-Adamiani" iyo kuwa kale.

Inta lagu guda jiro nolosha Ilya G. turjumay Ruush dhowr ah oo gabayada uu. Sida maansooyinkii, akhristayaasha Ruush oo keliya "Kabiin Fever" akhriyi kari waayeen. By habka, oo dhan maansooyinkii intuu noolaa Chavchavadze, turjumay Ruush, ayaa laga soo ururiyey in ururinta gaar ah. Qoraalkan waxaa ka la daabacay ee "Bulletin of Europe", "dhaqnaanta Review", iwm

Tarjumidda

Ilya Chavchavadze turjumay afka hooyo ee Goethe, Schiller, Heine, Turgenev, Lermontov iyo Pushkin. Waxa uu sidoo kale this sameeyey iyadoo lala kaashanayo qorayaasha kale. Tusaale ahaan, la Ivan Machabeli turjumay Joorijiyaan "King Lear."

daafaca Dadweynaha

Ilia Chavchavadze ahaa debedda ah. Sanado badan ayuu difaaca takooray dadka Armenian ee Georgia. Mararka qaarkood uu lahaa in ay qaataan khatarta aawadood oo ah noloshooda iyaga u gaar ah. Laakiin Abwaan arkay Georgians midoobeen quruun proletarian, iyo amiirradii - hormuudkii kacaan. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Chavchavadze Tbilisi madax bangiga dalka, waxa uu sidoo kale iska leh proletarians waxay isku, heeso ay hal-abuurka gaar ah. Sidoo kale, Ilya G. dirireen Armenian, Ossetian, Ruush, Turkish, iwm bourgeoisie. In 1902 wuxuu daabacay uu article "The dhagaxyo cad iyo saynisyahano Armenian" in tarjumaadda Ruush. Way samaysay buuq badan. In xidhiidh la leh this anti-geesiga of this article sida dhaqmeen ma aha oo kaliya bourgeoisie ee Armenian, laakiin sidoo kale ka tagay garabka xisbiga Sooshal dimuqraadiga.

Stalin ku saabsan Abwaan

In sano ee 1895-1896 Ilia Chavchavadze, kuwaas oo Biography waxaa kor lagu soo bandhigay, hogaaminayo majaladda "Iveria". Waxaa uu daabacay toddoba gabayo Abwaan Soso. Young Stalin hoos magac maldahan qoray markii uu ahaa in seminary. shaqada Chavchavadze ayaa saamayn weyn ku yaal madaxa mustaqbalka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Stalin, la Boos qaarkood, sidoo kale, la aaminsan yahay dadka uu la midoobin quruun proletarian. Uu sha ku saabsan yahay xoojinta halganka fasalka sida dhalashada of shuuciyad iyo hantiwadaagga faafidda oo dhan laakiin Georgians. Waraysi uu la yeeshay agaasimaha film Michael Chaureliya, Stalin yeedhay Chavchavadze mid ka mid ah qorayaasha ugu weyn ee Warega oo ka mid ah sagaal iyo qarniyo labaatanaad.

xusuusta

• In USSR ah, magaca geesiga of this article qaadeen Tiyaatarka Drama Batumi State.
• G. Image Ilia kaalinta gel 20 (biilka Georgia).
• In 1958, xafiiska boostada soo saaray shaabad loo soocay in Chavchavadze.
• Magaca gabayaa ee la siiyey Jaamacadda dhaqanka iyo luqadaha Western Yurub.
• publicist museum Memorial furay tuulada Kvareli (1937), estate ee Ilya G. yeedhay Saguramo (1951) iyo Tbilisi (1957).