Naqshada Santiago Calatrava iyo mashaariicda ay caan

Eebehenno, daraasadda of muuqaalka ah, xal farsamo, bir iyo la taaban karo - qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee goobaha weyn iyo functional, abuuray by dhise halyeeyga kuwaas oo dhismayaasha aan marnaba la illoobayn kara mar arkay. Tani waa Santiago Calatrava. shuqulladiisii la fuliyo ee Spain, Switzerland, USA, Canada. abuurista qofka this gaar ah, oo la garan oo dhan ka badan dunida iyo fadeexad. Calatrava nooleeyo meel kasta, taas oo ka badan qurux badan oo functional. naqshada Isbaanish helay aqoonsi ay sabab u tahay style higayaa, hal-abuurnimo farsamo iyo sharraxaadda dhismayaasha loo jaangooyey loona hirgeliyey.

Santiago Calatrava: Biography

Near Valencia July 28, 1951 waxa uu ku dhashay dhise mustaqbalka ee buundooyinka, saldhigyada, tiyaatarada iyo dhismayaasha kale oo saamayn muuqashadii aan caadi ahayn. Santiago xirfad aabbihiis, inkasta oo diiradda lagu saaray waxqabadka ganacsiga, laakiin waxa uu jecel yahay farshaxanka iyo doonayay in ay abuurto riyadiisii si farshaxanka iyo hal-abuurka ah ee dunida inuu wiilkiisa. Sayidka, da'da hore wiilka u tageen inay Museum Prado oo bilaabay inuu ka qaado xiisaha ay sawir oo farshaxan. In siddeed sannadood, Santiago Calatrava indhaha horeba lagu taswiiray warqad Whatman dugsiga tahay in Valencia.

sano qasan ee Spain ayaa u calaamadeysatay waxbarasho dheeraad ah ka baxsan ee uu gobolka hooyo. In 13 sano, waalidiinta ayaa safar wiil Paris on barnaamijka exchange arday, halkaas oo uu ka buuxsamay waynida ee naqshadda dhismaha ee magaalada this qurux badan. Tallaabada xigta ee helitaanka xirfad la tababaray ee jaamacadda Polytechnic ee Valencia, Santiago Calatrava kuwaas oo ka qalin jabiyay 1973. Laba sano ka dib, nin waxay tageen Switzerland, halkaas oo uu sii waday in ay barato wax jecel oo duurka ku ah dhismaha, laakiin sida injineer. Afar sano ka Santiago bartay at the University of Technology ee Zurich. By 1981, wuxuu noqday dhakhtar ee cilmiga farsamada iyo aasaasaha studio ee naqshadaha iyo dhismaha ee Switzerland.

Shaqada hore iyo aqoonsiga

Mid ka mid ah mashaariicda ugu horeeyay, taas oo keenay aqoonsi caalami ah ee Santiago, waxay ahayd saldhigga tareenka a (Stadelhofen) in Zurich. Inkasta oo bidhaaminaya of male naqshadda muuqday Santiago weli dugsiga qalin. Asxaabta ay sayniska, ayuu loogu talagalay iyo dhisay balliga. Laakiin waxa aan ahaa arrin sahlan xarunta isboortiga, ay xaqiijinta waxaa suurtagal ah si ay u dhawraan ag marayayna waa for dabaasha hoos.

Mashaariicda Santiago Calatrava 1986 daray qorshaha fulinta cusub ee ay soo caga xoojiyeen la taaban karo gaariga buundada uu hooyo Valencia. Sannad ka dib takhasuska yar oo shuqulkan laga abaal Midowga Caalamiga ah ee Horseedayaashii.

In 1989, Calatrava iyo shuqulkiisa si Fatxi ee suuqa dhismaha Faransiis yimid. Isla mar ahaantaana uu u furay studio ee Paris iyo loogu talagalay tareenka ee Lyon ah. Santiago Calatrava furay sanadkii 1991 in xafiiska Valencia ee naqshadaha iyo dhismaha.

Olympics

Wadamada marti dhacdooyinka isboorti ee caalamiga ah, sida caadiga ah, had iyo jeer isku day inaad hesho martidii run, yaabin martida dhismeedka naqshadda iyo ururka ee bandhiga. Sidaa darteed, oo dhan sano oo ka mid ah takhasuska ugu fiican ay ku lug diyaarinta ciyaaraha Olimbikada ee. In 1992, cayaaraha xagaaga lagu qabtay Barcelona, oo ay turjumaad loo baahan yahay munaarad isgaarsiinta. Dabcan, naqshadeeyaha ugu Santiago Calatrava loo doortay by dowladda sida takhasuska ah dhismaha xarunta meel durkin dalka ah.

On buurta Montjuïc munaaraddii 136-mitir waxaa la dhisay muddo saddex sano ah. fikrad Calatrava ahaa in la dhiso qaab la Dhuxul Orodyahanka. At qariibnimo this waxaa ka mid ah ma soo afjaro. Jestkii waa nooc ka mid ah saacadaha arrow, oo ku dhacda saldhig hooskii munaaraddii, oon ku muujinaysaa waqtiga.

Summer Olympics 1992 - ma aha oo kaliya dhacdo isboorti, halkaas oo uu ku qorid ee uu shaqo abuure Spanish ka tagay. In 2004, Santiago Calatrava, ayaa lagu casuumay dib u dhiska ah ee Athens adag ciyaaraha.

Movement - ku salaysan shaqada ee naqshadeeyaha ugu

Naqshadle mashruuca lana ogan uu soo jiidashada nidaamka gaadiidka iyo in la wanaajiyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka. Laakiin dhex shuqullada sayidkii in la xuso oo xaddi la degan yahay ee Malmo. Klauzury Santiago Calatrava, kaas oo noqday aasaas u ah abuurista guriga aan caadi ahayn, ka koobnayd fikradda ah dhaqdhaqaaqa. In mid ka mid ah muxaadarooyin lagu qabtay Machadka Moscow ee, Santiago yiri: "Architecture waxaa loogu talo galay dadka, oo jidhka bini'aadamka saamayn ku Architecture-eego Joogaba, laxanka iyo tirada."

dhismaha ayaa ka kooban sagaal pentagons qaybaha, kuwaasoo mid walba uu ku yaalaa on shan dabaq. gabal kasta qaloocdo si ixtiraam leh in ay qaababka hore iyo intii dambeba 90 degrees qaraabo hore. afar sano si ay u dhisaan dhismayaasha. Sannadkii 2005, ilaa munaaraddii kor 190-mitir waxaa si rasmi ah u furay. Ilaa maantadan la joogo waa mid ka mid ah jiidashada ugu weyn ee Sweden, iyo dhismaha labaad ee ugu dheer ee Europe.

bilowgii qarnigii 21aad: helitaanka qaaradda cusub

In 2001, ee State of Wisconsin, oo u dhow dhismaha matxafka farshaxanka jira, iyo taambuuggiisa kacay saddexaad Kvadrachchi. saqafka Vaulted, qorraxda howlgal horjoogeha-sida guurtada ah baal oo haadeed, - design aasaasiga ah dhismaha dhismaha, abuuray by hanad ah sida Santiago Calatrava. Photo design firfircoon soo bandhigay ay bilicsanaanta iyo jiidata dadkii badnaa dalxiisayaal in Lake Michigan. Glass Pavilion ololeeya ayaa qaab reer parabola ah. Dhammaan dhismayaasha museum Calatrava midoobeen galay hal shabakad adag adag ee buundooyinka dadka lugeynaya.

jiidashada kale, markan keliya ee South America, waxaa la hirgeliyey 2001 by fikrad dhise Spain ee. Waxa uu noqday Puente de la Mujer. war abuurashadoodii Engineering waa in dhaqdhaqaaqa buundada dhexe ee marinka, oo weelasha oo waaweyn. Sida laga soo xigtay abuuraha, waxaa u waxyoonay si ay u dhisaan this dhismaha music maxaliga ah. Iyo naqshada soo bixitaankii garaaca maqlay in la abuuro buundo ee Buenos Aires.

"The City of Arts oo Sciences"

Engineer Santiago Calatrava been abuurtay is illowsiin yaabaa dalkiisii hooyo ee uu. Aan ka fogayn Valencia, in meel ka mid ah 350,000 m ^2, waa adag gaar ah ka go'an in horumarinta dhaqanka iyo sayniska. Xubnihii hore ee "magaalada" waa: planetarium ah, filimada iyo wax soosaar masrax laser ah. Sannadkii 2000 ayuu ku furay Museum of Science, iyo sidoo kale park a dhulka. Muddo ka dib, furitaanka oceanarium ugu weyn Europe ayaa ku ekaayeen ubax. Shaqada iska Felix Candela, naqshadeeyaha ugu, oo ay la socdaan Calatrava ee ka qaybqaadanaysa dhismaha meelaha xiisaha Valencia. dhismaha ugu dambeeya oo ka mid ah Magaalada 'noqday House Opera ah. dhismaha naqshadda loogu talagalay in lagu baro qofka dhinacyada kala duwan ee farshaxanka, nooca, sayniska iyo farsamada.

Habeenkii, markii iftiinka uga gudaha dhismayaasha iyo hareeraha gudcurka ku yimaado, curiyay oo dhan eg Qalfoofkii xoolaha.

dhaleeceyn

mashaariicda Santiago ma aha oo kaliya la aqoonsan yahay, laakiin sidoo kale qaali ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, qiimaha ugu dambeeya ee shaqada ka badan qiyaasaha hore, oo waxaa jira muran ku saabsan shuruudaha fulinta. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, dhismayaasha Calatrava waa xarunta of fadeexadii.

"The City of Arts oo Sciences" ayaa 900 milyan euro, taasoo ah saddex jeer ka badan miisaaniyadda hore. Dhismaha dhismaha waqtiga ay guddiga u baahnaydeen laga baxo xaaladaha degdegga ah iyo uu baxsado dabka, xitaa ka dib markii qaladaad lagu reebay Santiago, laakiin kharash ku hantidii dadweynaha.

Engineer Santiago Calatrava, abuurista terminal garoonka diyaaradaha ee Bilbao, ma tixgeliyaan awoodda dhismaha. Sidaa darteed, rakaab ah kuwaas oo soo maray ay gacanta ku caadooyinka, lahaa in ay ka filayaan si ay u helaan boorsada on wadada. In 2000, garoonka ayaa sidoo kale u sakhiray in ay tirtiridda qaladaad.

Bridge zubizuri laami la guntooda muraayad ah ee cimilada roobaadka cadaato meel argagaxa leh. Dastuurka Bridge in Venice sidoo kale ayaa lagu naqdiyay. Sababaha aan ahayn waqti kaliya oo waa saddex jeer kharashka mashruuca, laakiin sidoo kale ka shaqeynayaan. Waxaa jira meelaha lahayn, ay goori uga yacday, taasoo sii adkeyneysa in ay u guuraan dadka waayeelka ah.

saldhiga tareenka ee Magaalada New York

Dhismaha saldhigga dhulka hoostiisa S-Bahn in City New York on site oo ka mid ah munaaradaha ee mataanaha ah waxaa sidoo kale fuliyay on mashaariicda ee Calatrava. dhismayaasha Design heer ka sarreeya dhulka u eg shimbir gacmaha ilmaha sii daayay. Inside waxaa jira treenada, joogsiyada baska, saldhigyada, kuwaas oo derbiyada la sameeyey marmar ah. Dhameystirka shuqullada waxaa loo qorsheeyey 2016 kharashka 4 bilyan, inkastoo markii hore loogu talagalay dhismaha uu ahaa $ 1.9 billion.

Mid ka mid ah daabacaadan oo awood leh in la daabaco sheegay in kharashka dhismaha saldhigga ula kac ah ukas. Xaqiijinta shirkadda hubinta ah, taas oo u wakiishay mashruuca ka dhise Spain.

gunaanad

Isagoo ka jawaabayay eedeymo la odhan karaa difaaca dhise in macaamiisha uu hadda - waa iibsada celiyaan. "Hadafka dhismayaasha aan - magaaladan gaar ah u sameeyaan oo ay kobciso waayo-aragnimo aadanaha," - yiri Santiago Calatrava. Indhaha - taasi waa yeedhistiisu. Waxaa u muuqan lahaa in waxa la yaab karaan horumarinta iyo hirgelinta waxyaabaha naqshadda lagama maarmaanka ah, sida buundooyinka, xarumaha? Works by abuure Isbaanish, waa dhismayaasha, taxadiri, qaababka, mid istaahila in dareenka.

Isagu waa qoraaga konton dhismeedka naqshadda, iyo in ka badan dersin ka shaqeeya waa weli hoos horumarinta.