Champagne (khamri). Champagne iyo dhalaalayay raagay

khamri Champagne - cabitaan ah khamriga ah, iyada oo aan taas oo lacag la'aan ah, ma iidda grand, ka dabaal arooska iyo soo afjaridda la sannadka cusub. Dhadhankiisii rabbaani ah oo aan dhadhan daran jirsado madaxdii Mudanayaal quruxda badan ee dalalka oo dhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nin sidoo kale jecel yihiin inay SIP cadaalad khamri champagne waxaa wadaajiseen raaxo iyo hanti, iyo ugu muhiimsan - fasax ah.

Waa maxay nooca cabniinka - champagne, qiimaha oo ay gaari karaan ilaa 17.625 doolar halkii dhalada? Aynu ka bartaan dunida this wax walba oo caan khamriga - taariikhda iyo dhamaanayey liiska kala duwan.

Saanacyadii ka gobolka

Taariikhda cabitaan this gaar ah oo ku saabsan bilaabay 350 sano ka hor, ee gobolka Champagne ah, oo ku yaalla ka-waqooyi bari ee France. dhulka barwaaqaysan ee aagga kaymo canab, kuwaas oo u kacay ma aha oo kaliya in loo dhoofiyo, laakiin sidoo kale in foosto oo geedkii in ka dib leexdo xagga khamri ah u udgoon. First, winemakers in Champagne la soo saaray raagay gaar ah oo cas, gabi ahaanba iska dhego-casaan iyo caddaan.

Khamri la dabeecadda

Muuqaalka gaar ah oo khamri ah cas ka canabka ah ee Champagne ahaa in ay inexplicably helo yar Karboonka. naqas cabniinka siiyey dhadhan gaar ah, fudaydkii iyo dhadhan jilicsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababta oo ah khamri raagay oo ay galeen masraxa halsano sare, taasoo keentay in foosto, taas oo waxaa lagu kaydiyaa, macno ahaan dillacshay. Shubo in weelka galaaska sidoo kale isma badbaadin karo xaaladda - derbiyadooda ma hor istaagi karay cadaadis sare oo caynkan ahu. "Ibliisku" naaneeso waayo, "explosiveness" khamri champagne.

Weather-xun

Winemakers lumeen in awaalo ku saabsan sababta u ah geeddi-socodka la yaab leh in la qaaday waxyaabaha ay, iyo kaliya u yimid inuu ka mid gabagabo: cimilada waa in la eedeeyo! Xaqiiqada ah in cimilada ee Champagne ahayd isbedel iyo saadaalin karin - maalmood diiran, si lama filaan ah u dhiibay si ay u qabow, roobka iyo dabaysha oo culus. SNAP qabow joojin geeddi-socodka halsano ah, halka in khamriga aan weli hadhay gabi ahaanba sonkorta laga miiro. Xayiraadda Deep waxaa soo maratay bedelay kulaylka, iyo khamrigii uu bilaabo inuu mar kale ferment, iyo aarsasho ah. Sidaas darteed, fiirsashada carbon dioxide ee khamriga transmarginal gaadhay ugu badnaan, tanina waxay keentay in qarax of weelka iyo rasploskivaniyu sharaabka qaali ah.

Monk winemaker

wadaad Oo haddii baadhitaan habka khamri-qaadasho ma waxaa ku xiran Dom Per Perinon, oo aan kaliya jeclaaday cabniinka, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa winemaker a tayo iyo dhadhamin weyn, waxaan marna barteen lahaa waxa qamri ah khamri - winemakers daalan tahay in ay halganka aan dhammaadka lahayn oo leh "Dabeecada qarxa" of nectar ee khamriga iyo joojiyay in ay wax soo saarka.

Waxay ahayd Dom Pérignon kaalin weyn in ay sayniska ee wax soo saarka khamri champagne wanaagsan, si ay u bartaan habka of qasayso iyo halsano. Intaa waxaa dheer, wuxuu noqday winemakers kuwa marka hore sameeyey khamri cad oo ka soo canab buluug iyo casaan, iyo kor u yimaadeen inay ku shub waxyaabaha ay galeen dhalooyinka, corking iyo iyaga tieing la sugo moofo saliid. Habkani ma aysan ogolaan dhalooyin si ay qarxi, oo si ammaan ah ayay ku kaydsan yihiin muddo dhowr sano ah.

qarsoon Perignon

By habka, an champagne Perignon ganacsiga dhawray karinayo raagay ay sirta adag, laakiin hadda wuu ogyahay warshad kasta oo khamri raagay oo dhalaalaya. Sidee tani u dhici? Runtii winemaker weyn daadan digir ah? Yaanay noqon!

Xaqiiqada ah in dhan France ayaa la macno Waali champagne - waxay ahayd cabniinka jecel yahay dadka oo dhan yaa awoodi kari waayay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro ee G khamri ma laga yaabaa kaamil ah khamri la dhalaalayay - sida ay u sameeyey Dom Perignon. Man, hoogtay, ma weligiis wuu noolaan karo, iyo winemaker caanka ah in adduunka ka fiican ma tegi karin, taasoo ka dhigeysa dadkiisa uu eed ku lahayn. Sidaas daraaddeed wuu weeydiiyay saaxiibkiis, Zhana Abbe ee Godino, qor dhammaan faahfaahinta technology qarsoon. dhimashada M. Perignon Abbe Godinot Ka dib markii la daabacay buug taas oo habka wax soo saarka champagne buuxa ah ayaa lagu tilmaamay in si faahfaahsan, laga bilaabo xulashada of canab iyo soo afjaridda view uu furmo, kaas oo dhalooyinka waa in la-macmalay kaydinta iyo gaadiidka. Sidaas doonista dambeeya ee winemaker a talented waxaa lagu sameeyaa.

dhoofinta qiimo leh

muddo ka dib, wax soo saarka oo khamri ah champagne in France saaray miisaanka a grand, iyo dhaqmayo ee uu Dardaarmi iyo teknoolajiyada sharaabka sida kormeerayaasha soo socda boqornimada, oo ku salaysan heer gobol gaar ah ay diyaarisey - si fudud u gelin, guests waqtiga.

champagne in ka France yimid dalal kala duwan, sida ugu dhaqsaha badan ee jacaylka dhacay oo dhan of Europe. In Ruush Empire cabniinka sixir ahaa ee 1780, si ay u Filippu Kliko mahad - winemakers Faransiis, buuse joogaa, kan si ay u Catherine II diri hadiyad suubban ee foomka of xisbiga champagne ay qaadasho gaar ah. Grand Empress iyada iyo wefdigiisa waxaa aad u jeclaa dhadhanka cabniinka, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ayaa la aasaasay sahayda si toos ah champagne ka France si Russia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamka this gooyey - in France, kacaanka bilaabay, iyo waxa ka dambeeya - dagaalka aan dhammaadka lahayn Napoleonic, taas oo saameyn ku Empire Ruush ah.

champagne Haweenay

In la dhiso sahayda joogto ah dhalaalaya khamriga ee Russia u yimid oo kaliya ee 1814, oo waxba ma ay kale oo naag carmal ah dhallinyarada ahaa Philippe ku Clicquot caan ka badan, ninna ma samayn - Barbe-Nicole Clicquot-Ponsandren, kaas oo uu madax "ku dhufo" dhimashada oo uu naagtiisa ka dib, ka bedelayaan geedka saara in ka badan 100 kun oo dhalooyin qamri ah delicious sannaddii, ee "Veuve Clicquot".

Marwo ganacsiga ku noolaa nolol dheer, ku laysaan, iyada kiiska ninkeeda. Markaasay jeesatay oo champagne "ku dhufo" ee ugu caansan, cabniin ah, sida runta ah mid taariikhi ah oo la jecel yahay adduunka oo dhan. Ganacsiga la Russia ayaa keenay Madame Nicole faa'iido weyn - in 1825 oo keliya, cabitaan Ruush 252.452 sibraar oo khamri dhalaalaya! Midkoodna kubada mana dhacdo muhiim ah ama fasaxa weyn waa dhamaystiran oo aan qamri ah, taas oo macno ahaan si xor ah biyaa.

Ka dib markii Madame Clicquot badan kelyaha iyo lahaanshaha buuxa ee guriga "Riix" tegey gacmaha xoog Eduarda Berne galay. The winemaker dhalinyaro ah oo tayo leh istaahila sii shuqulka Madame iyo Monsieur, kuwaas oo la aasaasay warshada caanka ahaa ee dunida - Champagne "Clicquot" waxay ahayd heerka tayada, raaxo, xarrago iyo dhadhan wanaagsan ma aha oo kaliya in France laakiin sidoo kale ilaa iyo haatan ka baxsan xuduudka ay.

France ee Russia

Caanka ah ilaa maantadan la joogo "Soviet" champagne bilaabeen in ay soo saaraan oo ku saabsan meelaha bannaan ee furan Ruush in qarnigii 20, si sax noqon - in 30-ka. Xukuumadda boqorka ee soo jiita in sameeyayaal champagne Anton Frolov-Bagreeva sida ugu dhaqsaha badan ay edbiyaan in la dhiso wax soo saarka oo khamri ah champagne qeybiyo ballaaran in tacsida ah.

"Soviet" champagne soo saaray by technology degdegsiimada iyo tagaa on sale 26 maalmood gudahood ah kadib marka ay bilaabaan wax soo saarka. On dhanxanegga ah, champagne this jirin ka xun shisheeye, oo qiimihiisa waa inay ahayd qof kastaaba heli karo.

Karaamada ee wax soo saarka

Sidee ku samayn kartaa champagne ah in waqtigeena?

Wejiga kowaad - iibka ah ee canab, kuwaas oo waa in ay ahaadaan wax yar aan weli qaan gaadhin iyo, in la barbardhigo mellow ah, ayaa acid sare. Canabkana kasta tuujin juice iyo ku shub in taangiyada waaweyn for halsano iyo soo saaraan saldhig oo khamri ah.

Intaas ka dib, baararka khamriga ee kala duwan oo Cinab kala duwan waa la isku qaso, helidda isku darka kaamil ah. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan qasayso - waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si loo hagaajiyo dhadhanka champagne.

Markaas, ey isku keentay ayaa lagu daray in ay sonkorta Joogaba, xaq iyo khamiirka, dhalooyin iyo kaalinta adag ee jago siman. Waxaa bilowday geedi socodka halsano labaad, taas oo qiyaastii sannad ah. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, dhalo qamri ah oo la tallaabo mustaqbalka talaabo ka yeellay korkoodii hoos. Tallaabadan waxaa lagu magacaabaa erayga ah oo qurux badan "remuage" iyo waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si loo xaqiijiyo in soo dadajin oo dhan, awelna loola dhow qoorta dhalada.

Marka ay tani ka dhacay, intii hadhayna waa in si taxadar leh laga saaray - habkan waxaa loo yaqaan "disgorging". Tani "xaflad" oo kaliya by xirfadlayaasha run!

Ka dib markii pellet la taxadar leh laga saaro, dhalada isku dar ah oo khamri ah iyo sonkorta, ka dibna si adag u xidh shaabadeeyey oo ka tagay dhowr bilood ilaa si buuxda loo kariyey.

Sidaas darteed, soo saara noocyada kala qaalisan jecel yahay cabitaan "dabaal", oo ay ku jiraan champagne ah casaan iyo caddaan iyo casaan. Taasi cabniinka tani waa si caadi ah looxyadii our. champagne More raqiis ah, kuwaas oo qiimo ka 200 rubles per dhalada bilaabo, soo saara hab la dedejiyey.

The dhadhan iyo midab ...

By jidka, midabka champagne ah waxay ku xiran tahay kala duwan canabka. Waxa la yaab leh, waxa inta badan waa champagne cad ka canab cas sameeyey, berry riixaya si juice ma aha in xiriir la maqaarka dheeha, haddii kale jeedin champagne cas. Laakiin champagne pink jira laba siyaabood - midkood ogolaan juice ee waqti gaaban si ay ula falgalaan maqaarka, ama haddii kale ku daray in ay khamri cad yar oo cas a.

Badan ayaa waxay aaminsan champagne dhalaalaya khamri, Mu'minaadka ah in ay tahay wax la mid ah. Dhab ahaantii, tani run tahay, marka laga reebo in champagne ku kasbatay la odhan karaa khamri kaliya ka dhigay in kalle oo Champagne ee gacanta adag. Inta kale ee champagne ah ersatz - waana wax wanaagsan in la cuno, laakiin weli khamri caadiga ah la dhalaalayay, kuwaas oo qiimo bilaabo ka 200 rubles per dhalada.

kala duwan ee fasalada

Noocyo of khamri ka farxiya champagne kala duwan oo kala qaybsan yihiin:

• macmacaan champagne ku jira ka soo 8.5 ilaa 12 garaam oo sonkor ah per 100 ml;
• semisweet champagne qasac xajiya a 6-9 garaam oo sonkor ah 100 ml;
• semidry champagne ka mid noqon kara 4 ilaa 8 garaam oo sonkor ah per 100 ml ku xiran tahay doorashada ee soo saaraha;
• Champagne qalalan caawinaysa 2-5 garaam oo sonkor ah per 100 ml;
• champagne dheeraad ah oo qalalan ka kooban yahay oo kaliya 0, 8 garaam oo sonkor ah 100 mL ;;
• kuwo - duwan tahay saamiga boqolkiiba hooseeya ee garaam oo sonkor ah per 100 ml - total 0.4;
• Kuwo dheeraad ah - waxaa ku jira sonkor lahayn at dhan.