The radar dambeeyay Ruush "sunflower", maxaa yeelay, wixii ka dambeeya bidhaamayaan

Ogeysiinta ku saabsan weerar ay suurtagal tahay iyo ogaanshaha ee diyaaradaha, diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca, gantaalo, oo ay ku jiraan low-duulaya - waa mid ka mid ah ujeeddooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee ciidamada difaaca hawada Ruush. Waxay dhowaan helay weli qalab kale si ay u dhammayn.

The cusub "sunflower" radar lagu ogaan karaa bartilmaameedyada, hore u aheyn saldhigyada radar. Waxay "eeg" waxyaabaha ka dambeeya caqabadaha, iyo xataa kuwa sida uu qabo sharciga of physics ma noqon karaan sabab u muuqda goobta ay dhinaca caalamka, kaabiga ku qarsoon. Rays timaada by anteenooyinkooda of radar casri ah, sida caadiga ah ku qaybiyey xariiq toosan, waxay keliya ka shaqeeyaan line hortiisa, laakiin radar ah - waa mid gaar ah.

kaabiga heegan

aragtida kaabiga mabda 'ku muuqata in design ah ee tiro ka mid ah saldhigyada radar Ruush ah jiilka ugu dambeeyay. ka mid ah nidaamka "weelka", "Taurus" iyo "Wave". Waxay ka shaqeeyaan on mabda'a ah ee diffraction, taas oo macnaheedu yahay awoodda signalka timaada iyaga by agagaarka caqabadaha in labada Weeraryahanka iyo jihada dambe. takhasusay Ruush yihiin madaxda adduunka oo duurka ku ah goobta ee hirka sare, horumarkaa ayaa hadda loo arkaa ugu kacaan oo laga qabanin. Radar "sunflower - E" - beddelid, loogu talo galay in loo dhoofiyo waddamada waxaa loo arkaa saaxiibo qorshaha of Russia. Waxay leedahay gacan ka mid ah ogaanshaha diirada 300 km. Nidaamka ayaa daafaca a fahmayaan ee dabiiciga ah iyo waxa aan loogu tala galay in ay dagaallo gardarro.

Waa maxay Diffraction?

Qof walba waa ogyahay saamaynta of refraction iftiinka. Xitaa haddii ay rays si toos ah qorraxda ama ilo kale oo iftiin ma dhici aan galay qolka, waxay noqon kartaa arrin iftiinka. Haddii hirarka dacaayad ugu karaa xariiq toosan, ka dibna meelo badan ayaa ka adkaaday gudcur dhamaystiran. Waxaa sabab u ah refraction iyo milicsiga shayada noqdaan la arki karo. Tani waxay ifafaale aan waa iftiin kaliya, tusaale ahaan, waxay muujinaysaa raadiyayaasha mowjadaha gaagaaban si fudud aqbalay dhinaca ka soo horjeeda ee caalamka. Waxay dhulka hareerayn, Korsiga off ionosphere ah, oo si ammaan ah ay gaaraan antenna qadanayo.

Tan iyo shuqullo radar iyo "Wave" design oo la tixgelinayo reflectivity oo ka mid ah oogada iyo ionosphere ah. Radar "sunflower" waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa, at jaleecada hore, waa fudud: waxa aanu isticmaali guryaha jirka ah ee sare layers of jawiga. Laakiin awoodaha iyada-kaabiga of this ma noqon yar. faahfaahinta farsamada takhasusay SRI radio fog ma bandhigno, laakiin waxaa la ogsoon yahay in nidaamka abuuraa dhan-sare calaamadaha beerta radar ah by kala duwan ee Mowjad, kaas oo lagu yaqaan ka koorsada of physics la ruxruxo, geli karaa dhibic kasta oo bannaan ee saddex dhinac-cabbir ah.

From the "ARC" in "sunflowers"

Tijaabo on goobaha bidhaamayaan ayaa la sameeyay in USSR ee 60 ka. Systems horumariyo by markaas iyo ka dib, ayaa uuraysatay aad u fudud, laakiin waa qaali. Dhis qaab-dhismeedka radiating weyn ( "Arc" u dhow magaalada Nikolaev, Chernobyl iyo Komsomolsk-on-Amur), oo ay goolka ahaa qaarad transatlantic halkaas oo la filayo furayey of ICBMs. Fikrad ahaan, waxay qiimeyn kara xaalada kala duwan ee 10 kun. Km, laakiin dhab ahaan, macluumaadka laga heli iyaga, ha isku hallaynina noqon kartaa boqolkiiba boqol. saldhigyada Kuwani Americans naaneeso "woodpeckers Ruush" for nooca gaarka ah ee faragelinta ka dhigay in iyaga by on hawada. unevenness ee ionosphere waxay leedahay saameyn xun ku waxqabadka nidaamka, ka sokow ka soo horjeeda ay u badan tahay ay barteen in ay ka dhigi dhalanrog dheeraad ah, kuwaas oo in Alaska, Japan iyo Norway dhisay emitters awood sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqada sii, bobbing waayo-aragnimo, codsiga laga helay ilaa iyo xilli dambe, marka aad la abuuro jid toosan oo ah hab casri ah oo la ogaado, oo ay ku jiraan radar iyo "sunflower".

Maxaa la og yahay in ay dadweynaha

Nidaamka markii ugu horaysay soo bandhigay carwada caalamiga ah IMDS-2007, lagu qabtay St. Petersburg oo ka go'an in ay armaments badda. Sannad ka dib, bandhig ah oo diirada "sunflower" in salon ah "Euronaval 2008", halkaas oo si gaar ah culays la saaray version dhoofinta ee xarafka "E" ee. korsaar weyn in nidaamka cusub tusay wafdiga reer Brazil, laakiin ujeeddadiisa ugu weyn weli si loo xaqiijiyo ammaanka xuduudaha xeebaha Ruush. April 2014 ahayd markii maxkamadeeynta duurka oo baaxad weyn ugu horeysay lagu qabtay radar "sunflower" xaalado ku dhow inay dagaalka. Waxay la qabtay in ka wadaan Caspian iyo maraakiibta u adeegaan sida ujeedooyinka waxbarashada, iyo sidoo kale gantaalo bilaabay iyaga by. Si aad u adkayn hawsha, ee dagaaleed ayaa ka qayb-RTO ugu dambeeyay "Uglich" iyo "Goon Sviyazhsk", dhisay on the technology "qarsoodi".

Waa maxay "sunflower"?

nidaamka Tani ma aha mobile ama yar oo cabbirkooda. Anteeno (qaata iyo emitting) beeraha mashquulin badan oo meel bannaan oo lagu kullan kartaa fog ku filan marka laga reebo. Idaacadda Shuqulku waa decimeter ah, waa inay awoodaan in la ogaado cimilada kasta, orodada, la aqoonsado iyo in la siiyo oo lagu beegsanayo dalka VOP si toos ah boqol diyaaradaha iyo maraakiibta iyo saddex boqol (freeboard). kala duwan Operating - ilaa 450 kilomitir la 120 ° qaybta a arkaysid. Isticmaalka korontada ee 200 kw. Waayo ammaanka dhammaan qalabka elektarooniga ah waa la dhajinta in a weel ammaan gaar ah. waxaa la (marka lagu daro dhibaatooyinka toos ah) la isku falanqeeyay kara xaaladaha cimilada, faragelinta radio, iyo xaaladaha jirka ee dusha badda.

Tani waxay ficil ahaan waa dhammaan macluumaadka ku saabsan version dhoofinta nidaamka ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in jimicsi la radar Ruush "sunflower", loogu talagalay "isticmaalka gudaha", ayaa shaaca ka qaaday dabacsanaan rakibo weyn.

Waxaa sidoo kale jira dhibaatooyin. Sayidka, qalab aqoonsi "saaxiib ama col" ka, ka shaqeeya oo kaliya on line ah hortiisa, way adag tahay in la heshiin this radar-Milanello gaaban.

From Arctic si Crimean

Radar "sunflower", sida uu sheegay S. Boev, Agaasimaha Guud ee OJSC "RTI" waa in xaalad joogto ah horumar. Sayidka, xaaladaha cimilada gaarka ah ee Arctic baahan tahay in hab gaar ah si ay qaar ka mid ah xal wax dhisid ah. Saxnaanta iyo sifooyinka tayo saldhigga sidoo kale si joogto ah loo kordhiyo. xeebta Safety Bariga Fog waxay u baahan tahay ugu yaraan shan nidaamyada sida. waa in Mid ka mid ah shaqeeyaan jihada Bosphoru (Crimea). Waqooyiga, waxay sidoo kale loo baahan yahay. A dheeraad ah - sababaha sida Shaqaalaha.