Su-34: description iyo caddaymaha. duulista military

Tani waa sida interceptor qarxiyay a. Waxa uu leeyahay naaneesta aan rasmi ahayn "Duck" soo saaray ay sabab u tahay foom gaar ah oo qaansada. Illaa dhowaan aan ku qoray wax isaga ku saabsan qalab yar, laakiin hadda channels news inta badan muuqan in cirka Syria Su-34 iyo Su-24m waxaa laga codsadaa in weerar-sax sare on khadadka isgaarsiinta, xarunta iyo Arsenal gobolka argagixiso LIH. Waxa lagu murmi karaa in qarax hore-line ayaa noqday caan ah. On mid ka mid ah noqon doona sheekada.

Taariikhda iyo noocooda

Shuruudaha u interceptor iyo qarxiyay taatikada kala duwan oo xitaa xoogaa wadajir gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, soo saarayaasha diyaaradaha Soviet hore u leedahay waayo-aragnimo ah isbadal ah diyaaradaha dagaalka ee weerarka. The "dhilif" caanka ah - PE-2 - ka hor dagaalka lagu uuraysan sida mataanaha-engine sare dagaal culus ah. Difaaca u baahan yahay "repurpose" u galay qarxiyay quusto ah, iyo xataa Fisilaada maleeyeen dhibaato, waxaa soo baxay si aad u wanaagsan. Wax la mid ah ku dhacay interceptor Su-27. In 1986, Sukhoi bilaabay ka shaqeeya ay ka beddelid saamaynta, heshay-T 10B, si ay u ogaadaan, in dhamaadka, fikradda guud ee universal "diyaaradaha weerarka" oo awood u waday load dagaal halis ah, shuqulka dagaalka oo uu leeyahay awood kar ku filan oo ay dib ugu dagaalamaan diyaaradaha cadowga. In ka samaynta nidaamka design, waxaa caddaatay in deyayso ah "Spark" caadiga ah ma ku haboon yahay ujeedadaan. waxa ugu weyn ee la sameeyey by 1990: sanka cusub oo caan ah "af dhuuban ee duck ee" ka. By bartamihii sagaashankii-, ku-Su 34 ayaa helay magaceeda rasmiga ah (wuxuu soo booqday iyo T-10B-5 iyo Su-32FN). Laakiinse isagu ma uu anfaco si rasmi ah kaliya ee 2014.

kala duwan la arki karo

Dibadda dagaalka diyaaradaha Su-34 ay la mid tahay in ay "awoowe" ee Su-27 ah, ugu yaraan meel fog. Baaritaanka A faahfaahsan ee xataa xirfad laawe ah ku qaadi faraqyo muuqdaa in isha. qaansada oo ka mid ah duuliyayaasha balaariyay fadhiisan dhinac, halkii ay ka mid ka dib markii kale, wax badan ka xoog badan marsho degtey bir, iyo, dabcan, sanka. Ugu jaleecada hore, guud ahaan, iyo oo dhan. Marka la eego farsamada, taas macnaheedu waa in design aasaas u dhigo interceptor dayuurad yar Su-27 waxaa lagu gartaa sida dvuhkilevoe design caadiga ah aerodynamic la wiishashka oo dhan socda. muruqa kolkiiba ma aha cad uninitiated indhaha (sida noocooda ah marka la barbar dhigo) dhula xididka garabka, qaadashada hawada aan sharciyeysneyn, aan lahayn baalal iyo ventral iyo kordhinta tirada hardpoints dibadda. Maxaa yeelay, dhammaan egyihiin ay la interceptor Su-34 - Qarax taatiko ah oo sidaas daraaddeed, waa in ka badan oo ka fog badan ay noocooda qaado.

qol

Haddaba isbedel design la qaban karo si faahfaahsan. First of dhan waxaan diiradda saari doonaa faahfaahinta muuqaalka ugu cad. Qol Su-34 double, ay soo galo waa la fuliyay by yar sagxada ah oo muhiim ah ku laayeen sare ee ukunteeda ku yaal dambeeya qaansada qaybood dhigeysa. Tani waxay si weyn u fududeyneysa habsocodka ee amaahashada ah pilot iyo Navigator kuraasta ay. markabka lagu jiro dayuurada waxaa la siiyaa dhammaan shuruudaha lagama maarmaanka u ah habitability raaxo leh, oo ay ku jiraan qalabka kululaynta cuntada, sibraar vacuum iyo qalab Cesspool. Haddii qof uu u maleeyo duuliyayaasha in ay sii joogay, ayuu kor u heli karto oo is kululeeyo - bannaan, waayo, taasu waa wax ku filan.

Laakiin-Su 34 ma aha oo kaliya raaxo iyo ergonomic. markabka Sukhoi qaaday daryeelka ilaalinta waayo, waa in bronekapsuly gaar ah titanium kuwaas waxtarka hore loo tijaabiyey ee dhaqanka. Qiyaastii technology isla isticmaalo in design ah ee diyaaradaha weerarka Su-25. siraad glazed oo lagu kalsoonaan karo gaashaaman.

matoorada

Laba nooc oo engine turbofan AL-31F oo cabirku isku tallaalidda loo siman yahay 0,571, sameeyo durkiyo kasta 12.5 metrik, laakiin afterburning ku dari kartaa 300 kg kale.

Guud ahaan, unit xoogga waa isku mid sida ku-Su 27. Waxaa laga yaabaa in tani ma aha tirada weyn sida a, gaar ahaan marka aad u aragto inta culeys diyaaradda Su-34. VKS Ruush Federation, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay aaminsan yihiin in xoog ku filan si ay u tartamaan samada la American F-15 ah, u abuuray si ay u xalliyaan qaar ka mid ah ergooyinka isku. Waxaa kaloo jira fursado matoorada sida AL-35F, afterburner waxbarasho ilaa 14 tan oo ku riixdaan.

On-guddiga korantada

The Su-34 ku qalabeysan yahay a hage cusub, kaas oo la tixgelinayo shuruudaha isku halaynta sare (sabab u daboolaa) oo u ogolaanaya wax soo saarka si ay diirada u si toos ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab hanuun satellite. kala duwan oo ogaanshaha (xitaa waxyaabaha yaryar) gaaray 250 km. Tani waxay khusaysaa in aad raadiso quusta (xitaa haddii ay kaliya kiciyey periscopes ay), sirdoonka, biyaha meelaha miino helo, iyo wixii la mid ah. N. Sida dhibaatooyinka si toos ah hawl lagu beegsanayo in ka badan dagaalka, ka dibna ay tani tahay calaamad muujinaysa on muraayada oo gacanta dab koofiyad-Jaha ah "indhahaaga" oo si weyn hoos ugu dhigi kartaa waqtiga go'aanka. Noocan oo kale ah tiro balaadhan oo ay noqon lahaayeen kuwa aan macquul ahayn oo aan isticmaalka-xawaaraha sare ee salka hardware computer.

nidaamka shidaalka

Si loo kordhiyo kala duwan ee diyaaradda u baahan yihiin shidaal dheeraad ah. Afar taangiga (saddex gudahood ah sooctey oo mid baalkiisu), iyo in nidaamka laga gami hawada abuurista xaaladaha weerarka on diirada u fog, kaas oo keenaya suurtagalnimada ee Su-34-baarka istiraatiiji ah. bar A saraysa laba, ay loogu talagalay in la booyadaha hawada Il-76 oo laga gami kale, hub ciidan ah oo ka mid ah duantahay Federation Ruush shaqeeyaan. Sidoo kale, sii kordhaya kala duwan duulimaadka ee ka joojinta ku kor suurtagalnimada ee taangiyada dibadda saaray ka dib markii duushay.

shaqaale oo ka mid ah hab badbaadada

Duuliyayaasha qaado meelaha ay dhex sagxada hoose, iyada oo farqiga u maraya miiska hore, waana ka mid ah diyaarada markii diyaarad ku dhamaatay iyada oo aan dhacdada. Burubur ku qaadeen by hab caadiga ah, ilaa, iyo xawaaraha iyo height aadan haysan qiimaha. Iyada oo taageero ka kuraasta ejection K-36DM airship baxsado degdeg ah oo ammaan ah oo ku filan, qof kasta oo shaqaale ah leeyahay xaalad degdeg ah oo la qaadi karo, qalabaysan minaarad radio, huuri nolosha, xirmada gargaarka degdegga ah, cunto iyo siyaabo kale oo ah badbaadada ka dib markii degtey. In duulimaadka nolosha caadiga ah waa coveralls antigravity hubiyaa, koofiyadaha difaaca iyo reserve oxygen.

jiifku

Kordhinta miisaanka qaadataan-off la Yeedhiyaa by shuruudo gaar ah jiifku cusub - waxay noqotay mid awood badan, nooca qaadee-. waxyeello suurto gal ah in uu dhaco khilaaf military-buuxa, runways of airfields iyo xaalada ugu weyn wuxuu ahaa dhul ee Su-34 la goobaha yar diyaar.

The degtey cusub ugu weyn bulkier noqday marka la barbar dhigo Su-27 ah, taas oo loo baahan yahay in meel bannaan oo dheeraad sooctey. Taasi waa sababta qaadashada hawada mechanization fududeeyay.

hubka

Si aad meel kala duwan ee hubka, waxaa jira saddex Guntin ventral ganaax dibadda iyo siddeed underwing. iyaga marka laga reebo, waxaa ulama madfac dhisay-qarxiyay oo ah 30 mm nooca Sudee-301. Sidaas daraaddeed sida si ay u eegaan dhammaan fursadaha suurto gal u tahay horumarka deegaanka hawl suurtogal ma aha, oo lagu bixiyo hab ka mid ah dagaal hawada. Si aad u adkaan diyaaradaha cadowgu ku Barkhad waxaa laga yaabaa in ilaa laba iyo toban gantaal "hawada-to-hawada" nooca P-27 long-range ama dhexdhexaad-8 (P-77) ama u hooseeyo (P-73). Laakiin ma aha, waayo, dogfighting asal ahaan abuuray halyeeyga Su-34. hub isu saxsanaan sare ay saamayn diirada dhulka. Tani baalal X-59m (3 kumbiyuutarada.), Oo gantaalaha anti-markab caadiga ah, hanuuniyey iyo bambooyin mortarro (fougasses 100 illaa iyo 500 kg) iyo Nursaya in cajalado.

sifooyinka

Cabirka guud ahaan qiyaastii la mid ah sida in ka mid ah Su-27 (14.7 m - The Raven, 22 m - dherer ah iyo 6 m - height). miisaanka caadiga ah duushay - 39 tons, taas oo ah in ka badan interceptor culus, balse in ka yar inta badan ee qarax xeeladeed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa laga yaabaa in ka badan 44 m at load ugu badnaan. Diyaaradda ayaa ka gaari karin xawaaraha 900 km / h at sare ah 11 kun. Markaasaa 1400 km / h at dusha sare. gacan dagaal u dhaxaysa 600 iyo 1130 km, taas oo ku xidhan xaddiga shidaalka iyo armaments, kala duwan oo doon gaadho 4500 km. Saqafka (la taaban karo) - 17 kun. Qiimaha dollar hawlgalka ugu badnaan la kulmay interceptor ku maneuverable - 7 g.

waayo-aragnimo dagaal

falanqaynta ah oo dhacdooyin ka qaybqaadashada tooska ah ee isku dhaca ciidamada gaarka ah oo keliya ayaa ku siin kara sawirka saxa ah ee faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha, taas oo uu leeyahay dagaal la-Su 34. Caddaymaha qudhoodu ha sheegeen badan, laakiin, sida qarxiyay this for dhoofinta aan la soo samatabbixiyey, si ay isaga xukumi kaliya by duuliye Ruush iyo dib u natiijada falalka uu ku jira xaalad dhab ah. Inta uu hawlgalka socday South Ossetian ah ee Su 34 aan isticmaalo weerarada dab si toos ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayaa ka qayb qaatay xakamaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa oo ka mid ah nidaamka difaaca hawada Joorijiyaan, abuurista arrimha dibada elektaroonik ah, iyaga disorient. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay tan ku dhaqanka waxa loo adeegsaday EW is haysta "Khibiny", lagu rakibay on the hardpoints dibadda.

Laga soo bilaabo bilowgii hawlgallada milateri ee gayiga group duulista Ruush ah U doodaha lahaa in ay qaab-dhismeedka lix Su-34 qarax, kaas oo waqtigan waxaa loo isticmaalaa ujeedada looga danleeyahay, kuwaas oo si ay u fuliyaan weeraro iyadoo la isticmaalayo hubka-saxnimada sare. In deegaanka ee Raqqa oo Madan Jadida waxay baabbi'iyeen posts amarka, xarumaha isgaarsiinta, Arsenal, xerooyinka tababarka iyo kaabayaasha kale ee Qaranka argagixisada ee ciidanka. Isticmaalka diyaaradaha, kuwaas oo sii, oo, u badan tahay, kordhin doonto tallaabada. malo Tani waxay ku salaysan tahay waxqabadka sare muujiyeen by SU-34. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, iyagoo tiro ee tiyaatarka Bariga Dhexe hawlgallada kor u darsin ah.

gobolka Real iyo qorshayaasha

Maanta tirada Su-34, oo ka kooban on gacmaha duantahay, ma aha wax ka yar 83 cutub. Of lagu daydo, kuwaas oo-soo-saarka - 75, iyo 8 isticmaalo debugging iyo imtixaanka. Gaar ahaan, afar is qarxiyayaal ku jira xarunta imtixaanka horyaalka iyaga ka mid ah. Chkalov ee gobolka jaaket ah (Akhtubinsk). The jira ciidan (regiments) dalka oo dhan - ka Murmansk in Rostov iyo Khabarovsk in Voronezh - diyaaradaha kuwanu waa qayb ka mid ah unugyada isku qasan. Sida laga soo xigtay heshiiska saxiixay Wasaaradda Difaaca ee 2008, waxaa la qorsheeyay in ay soo gudbiyaan 32 cutub gaadhaya in ka badan 33 bilyan oo rubles, kuwaas oo waxaa la Xukumi karo in, inta Su-34 (wax yar ka badan kasta billion a) ah. Sanadkii 2008, si uu kordhay by a dheeraad ah 92 qarxiyay. saldhig wax soo saarka waxa uu noqday Novosibirsk Diyaaradaha Plant (NAPO). Currently diyaarin wax soo saarka ee-line of mashiinada, taas oo si weyn u yaraynaysaa kharashka.

In sannadaha soo socda iyo aad u badan oo xasilan laakiin dhacsan Su-24 guutada bedeli doono Su-34 ah. astaamaha farsamo ee model cusub u hoggaansamaan heerarka ah jiilka "afaraad laba-daray", kaas oo isaga loo xaqiijiyo adeeg dheer ee Air Force Ruush ah.