Siyaasadda dibadda iyo gudaha ah Elizabeth. Elizabeth waxaan ee boqornimadiisa

Elizaveta Petrovna uguma carshigii in a afgambi in 1741. Waxay ahayd gabadhii caanka Emperor Peter aniga iyo Catherine I. Dibadda iyo gudaha Politika Elizavety Petrovny waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu sii habaynta aabbeheed. Empress door bidaan in ay u dabaal noloshii iyo awoodda gobolka ahaa in gacmaha ugu cadcad. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, iyada oo boqornimadiisa ayaa calaamadeeyay by tiro ka mid ah transformations. Maqaalkani waxa uu ka hadli doonaa dib u habaynta in Elizaveta Petrovna, eegmo kooban oo siyaasadaheeda gudaha iyo midda dibadda.

On waddada si ay awood

Dhashay Elizaveta Petrovna ee 1709. Waxaa jira caddaymo in ay ahayd gabadhii Emperor ee uu jecel yahay. Elizabeth waxbarasho wanaagsan helay. Peter aan, ayaa rajeynaya in ay tahay gabadhii uu guurinin si Louis XV, casuumay macalimiinta ugu fiican si loo baro iyada Faransiis. The isu geeyey dabeecadda Elizabeth ee camal iyo moodiness. Taariikhyahanadu tilmaamayaan in Empress mustaqbalka jeclaa inuu xirto dharka raaxo leh, iyada jecel yahay in aad la dheesho iyo fardaha faras.

Ka dib markii dhimasho ee Peter aan kor uguma carshiga reer Elizabeth ee adeer - Peter II. uu dhintay ka dib markii in 1730kii, ayuu u yimid in ay awoodda Anna Ivanovna. Wakhtigan, awoodda xoog wayn ayaa si weyn u dhacday. dhimashada ka dib Anny Ioannovny qaaday carshiga iyada adeer , Ivan VI, laakiin ay sabab u tahay in uu xeerarka da'da dalka dhallinyarada Anna Leopoldovna. Siyaasadda of Ninkaas this ahaayeen faraxsanayn wareegyada sare ee bulshada Ruush.

afgambi d'gambiyay

Helitaanka carshiga reer binu Elizabeth waxaa sabab u ah damac afgambi ee 1741 uu ahaa natiijo ka timid shirqool ee wareegyada bulshada ugu sareeya, iyo qabanqaabiyayaasha waxay ahaayeen I. G. Lestok iyo Empress mustaqbalka. Kacdoonkii waxaa fuliyey iyadoo la kaashanayo ku Ilaalada ee Ciidankii Preobrazhensky ah. Bishii November ee 1741 waxaa la daabacay laba Cad. Waxay si rasmi ah u xaqiijiyay goysiga carshiga reer binu Elizabeth oo wuxuu naadiyey boqornimadii Ivan VI sharci-darrada ah.

Waa in la ogaadaa in inqilaabkii Empress caawisay Lestocq VI, Shuvalov, P. Shuvalov, A. Razumovsky, Vorontsov. Waxay ahaayeen halbowlaha ah Elizabeth intii boqornimadiisa.

dib u habaynta siyaasadeed

In 1740. gudaha iyo midda dibadda Politika Elizavety Petrovny waxaa si toos ah inuu ku soo laabto ka dib u habaynta Markos. Ka dib markii baxaya carshigii, waxay Senate soo noqday xaq u ahaa xilligii boqortooyada aabbeheed. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Empress Elizabeth 1 ee jirka this aan la calaamadeeyay by kasta oo isbedel weyn. tallaabooyin Key Senate ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu xalliyo dhibaatooyinka sida inay soo sara kacaan.

dib u habaynta siyaasadda Elizabeth sidoo kale ka hadlay oo ka mid ah Golaha Wasiiradda. jirka waxaa la baabiiyo. Halkii, waxa uu aasaasay Shirkii ah Empress ee Maxkamadda Imperial ee. Waxaa gacanta hawlaha sharci - Senate ka.

Sidoo kale wakhtiga Elizabeth ayaa la soo nooleeyey Chief Magistrate, Berg iyo Manufactures loox.

Waxaa in la xuso in sare booska haysto ee maxkamadda jecel oo ka mid ah Empress, iyo qof kuwaas oo ka caawiyey iyada si Jibriilba u carshigii. ka mid ah kuwii gobta ahaa ee panulirus ku Vorontsov, Razumovsky iyo Shuvalov.

siyaasadda arrimaha bulshada

siyaasadda Social of Empress la talagalay in lagu kordhiyo -Raaxaysta- iyo xirtay qof prodvoryansky. Sidaas darteed of dib u habaynta, taas ayaaba Elizaveta Petrovna, qastaan ahaayeen xitaa more tiirsan dadka mudan. In 1760 gobta ah waxaa la siiyey xaq u leedahay in serfs maxaabiis ahaan Siberia. Intaa waxaa dheer, beeralayda aan karin inay heshiis la dhaqaale arrimaha aan ka fasax ah nin oday. sidoo kale waxay ka mid yihiin on iyaga u gaar ah ma aysan awoodin in ay askareeyaan. Tan iyo 1764 waxaa ku jira in ay hanti qastaan kari oo keliya dadka reer sharaf leh asal ahaan.

Waxaa in la xuso in inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada of Elizabeth baabiiyo dhimashada rigoore. Halkii, ayuu bilaabay inuu codsan hab more qabow, inkastoo dhaqanka ee ciqaabta jirka ee guryaha ka kireeya 'iyo ciidankii sii waday in ay ka jiraan.

xasillooni ridayeen

Dibadda iyo gudaha Politika Elizavety Petrovny ayaa keentay inay ka sii muhiim ah oo xaaladda qastaan. Tani waxay keentay in soo bixitaanka ismana iyaga dhex. carada ridayeen laftiisa muujiyey horayn in baxsado mass, boob xaafadaha iyo dhaca. Waxaa badan waxaa la socda oo dhan dil of noblemen.

Sidoo kale inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Elizabeth bexeen iyo kacdoonkii ridayeen mass. Bilowga ee 1740. waxaa jiray rabshado jawi Bashkir ah. In 1743 Teryushevskoe kacdoonka bilaabay. maamulka Imperial u suurtagashay in ay u xakamayn kaliya by dhexe ee 1745.

siyaasadda dhaqaalaha

dibuhabaynta Elizabeth ayaa sidoo kale saameyn ku gudbikaraa oo dhaqaale. In 1754 waxay tirtirtay kastamka ee dalka gudihiisa. dibuhabaynta Tani waxay kaa caawin karaan xalinta qaybsanaanta dhaqaalaha Russia oo usoo nooleynta xiriirka ganacsiga. In 1757, ee kastamka on alaabta laga keeno dalka ayaa kor u kacay. Russia oo wakhtiga Elizabeth keentay ganacsi firfircoon oo leh awoodo Western Yurub (Britain, France) iyo dalalka bariga.

By amar of Empress ee la abuuray bangiyada cusub: gobta ahaa iyo Ganacsato. Waxay daahfurka ka qayb qaatay horumarinta ganacsiga Empire Ruush ah. Sidoo kale inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Elizabeth ku abtirsan helay monoboli ku distilling.

In the 40-60-mada. qarnigii XVIII. si firfircoon uga horumaray warshadaha. ganacsiyada New D. furay Irkutsk, Yaroslavl, Tambov, Ivanovo, iyo wixii la mid ah.

horumarka dhaqanka ee Russia

Hadalkooda ku saabsan horumarinta Russia ee 40-60-mada. XVIII qarnigii., Waxa muhiim ah in la ogaado siyaasadda dhaqanka kaas oo lagu fuliyay Elizaveta Petrovna. Years of iyada boqornimadiisa ayaa astaan u guulaha gudbikaraa oo ka mid ah waxbarashada, sayniska, dhismaha naqshadda, iyo D. sidaas on. Taasi waa laga bilaabo wakhtiga Elizabeth Nuurin bilaabmaa Russia.

Digreetaddii Empress ayaa lagu habayn hay'adaha waxbarashada ciidamada. Intaa waxaa dheer, dugsiga ugu horeysay sare ee Magaalada iyo in Kazan furmeen. In 1755 waxaa la aasaasay Jaamacadda Moscow, iyo 2 sano ka dib - Academy of Arts.

dareenka badan waxaa la siiyaa deegaan heshiis Empress of ciqaab. Waayo, dhismaha Palace Winter ah ayaa lagu casuumay by dhise Rastrelli asal ahaan Talyaani. Waxa kale oo ay aadamuhu Palace Catherine ah ee Tsarskoye Selo. Waxaa la bedelay iyo deganaansho hore ee Peter waxaan Peterhof iyo Strelna.

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Elizabeth waxaa la aasaasay masraxa ugu horeysay dadweynaha ee Yaroslavl iyo St. Petersburg.

Siyaasadda dibadda sannadaha 1740

Sidii hore loo xusay, gudaha iyo midda dibadda Politika Elizavety Petrovny waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu xoojiyo booska xoogga Imperial. Ka hor inta ay goysiga u carshiga reer Russia ayaa ka qaybqaatay dagaalka kula Sweden. Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidanka loo magacaabay P. P. Lassi. Ka dib markii socda si ay awood, Elizabeth Ruush ciidamada ay awoodaan in ay soo qabtaan oo dhan dhulka ee Finland. SHIRKA NABADDA u dhexeeya labada dal ayaa bilaabay in 1743. Wufuudda ka Russia ay ahaayeen Rumyantsev iyo I. Lyuberas. Treaty of ABO waxaa loo soo gabagabeeyay 1743. By shuruudaha, Russia qaadataa in ka badan qayb ka mid ah Finland.

Russia in toddobadii sannadood ay dagaalkii

In dagaalka this, ka qayb galay laba ka mid ah isbahaysiga oo ka mid ah dalalka Yurub. In qaybta hore ka koobnayd England, Portugal iyo Prussia, labaad oo ay ku jiraan Austria, France, Sweden, Saxony, Spain iyo Russia. Elizabeth 1 dhawaaqay galo dagaalka ee 1757. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u tahay siyaasadda ee Prussia, taas oo halis ah dhul danaha Ruush Empire ee Baltic States iyo Poland.

Ugu weyn ee dhacdooyinka oo ka mid ah toddoba sannadood War

War toddoba sannadood '- muddo dhacdo siyaasadda dibadda ugu weyn marka xeerarka Elizabeth. Shaxda la taariikhaha muhiim ah ku xiran qaybgalka Russia ku jira colaadaan waxaa, waxaa hoos lagu soo bandhigay.

Waa in la ogaadaa in ay isticmaalaan natiijooyinka ka mid ah guul of Empire Ruush ma guulaysan. In 1761, Elizaveta Petrovna u dhintay dhiig-cunaha. Markaasuu wuxuu soo kaxaystay oo carshiga reer binu Peter III. Wuxuu galay isbahaysi la gooyo Prussian, iyo dib u dhiibay oo dhan dalalkan oo ka guulaystay.

nolosha Personal

Xitaa ka hor goysiga ah oo carshiga ku, Elisabedna waxaa ku hawlan in ay Prince Charles-Holsten Gottorpskiyskim. Laakiin markii uu yimid in St. Petersburg, wuxuu qandaraas furuqa iyo ku dhintay.

In 1731, Elizabeth 1, bilowgii is jeclaadeen hooyo a of Alexei Dnieper Cossack ka Rozum ah. Sida laga soo xigtay warar aan la xaqiijin, in 1742 ay ahaayeen guursan. By markii ugu Alex helay magac cusub (Razumovsky) oo noqday Sirkaalkii barwaaqo ah.

In hore 50-mada ay ku Empress cusub jecel. Magiciisuna wuxuu ahaa Ivan Shuvalov. Waxa ay ahayd arrin aqoon nin, wuxuu jecel yahay sayniska iyo farshaxanka, iyo dayactiro dhow saaxiibtinimo Mikhail Lomonosov.

Isgaarsiinta dhowr cadcad iyo nolosha duurjoogta ah Empress ka dhashay badan oo xan ah oo ku saabsan qarsoon ee carruurta dhalashada. dhimashada Elizabeth Ka dib wuxuu bilaabay inuu u muuqdaan khaa'innadu. Waxay isu dhawaaqay reer Empress ah. The beenaala ugu caansan noqday Princess Tarakanov.

habka nolosha

Saffarro Elizabeth damaashaaday iyada sirdoonka iyo naxariis. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sifooyinkaasi si buuxda fashiliyay caajisnimada aan caadi ahayn iyo damaca for madadaalada. Empress ku hoggaamiyey jid dabacsan nolosha, inta badan cabin cabbitaanada khamriga. By arrimaha guud ee dadweynaha, waxay ahayd arrin la taag daran. diblomaasiyiinta Ruush ka boqornimadii Elizabeth xusay in treatises ku soo gunaanaday nabad ku hoydo bilood iyada la saxiixin.

Wax yar ka hor dhimashadii Empress cabsida duubay of keli. Waxay ka baqay inuu hurdo oo keliya ee qolka. Intaa waxaa dheer, kolkii iyadu ay joogto fekerayo Kyung aargoosi dadka waa la xanuujiyey ama amarada iyadii Siberia diray. Habeen kasta Elizaveta Petrovna qabtay qolal kala duwan ee madaxtooyada.

natiijooyinka

Elizaveta Petrovna jiray carshiga muddo 20 sano ah. Inkastoo dabacsan jidka nolosha iyo warheynta dadweynaha arrimaha, inta lagu guda jiro iyada boqortooyada leh taxane ah oo dib u habaynta iyo dhaqanka guulaha. Waxaa jira sifooyinka soo socda ee siyaasadda ee Elizabeth.

1. Heerka bilowga ah oo boqornimadii Empress by dib u habaynta horusocod calaamadeeyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mar hore in 50s ee siyaasadda ee Elizabeth 1 muuqanno conserved muuqaalada. Muddadan, si weyn u sii darto xaaladda isku duba riday, ayaa cadaynaysay kacdoonkii.

2. siyaasadaha Prodvoryanskaya in la kordhiyo dhawrsanaanta.

3. In siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ayaa waxaa ku badan dulinka reer galbeedka. Sida ay natiijada dagaalka kula Russia waxa ay ahayd qayb ka dheceen ee Finland.

4. Horumarinta ee sayniska iyo dhaqanka. Boqortooyada Elizabeth, waxaa la xusay tallaabooyinka u horeeya on jidka absolutism iftiimiyey.