Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich, naqshadeeye Soviet baabuurta gaashaaman: Biography gaaban

Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich - sare naqshadeeye geedka taangiga Kirov ah. Waxa uu kaalin weyn in Victory ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. Miraha Dukhov shuqullada ahaayeen muhiimad weyn u difaaca ee USSR. Thanks isaga si, monoboli Maraykanka on hubka nuclear ayaa laga ciribtiray.

qoyska

Ruux NL dhashay October 26, 1904 ee gobolka Poltava ah, tuulada Veprik. Mary M., hooyadiisna waxay ahayd gabadhii nin oday miskiin ah. Leonid, aabbahay soo noqday caawiyaha caafimaad. Markaasuu wuxuu u dhaqaaqay warshad sonkorta tuulada halkaas oo xaaskiisa mustaqbalka ku noolaa. Hal sano ka dib arooska, Leonid iyo Nikolai Mary uu ku dhashay.

formation

At da'da 7, Nicholas galay dugsiga hoose ee miyiga Veprik. Ka dib markii iyada qalinjabinta ee 1914, wuxuu waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay ee Gadyachsky gymnasium classical. Waxa ay ahayd wax bara weyn ee luqadaha qalaad, jidaynayey jinni oo dhammaataan baasana Ingiriisi, Jarmal iyo Faransiis. In 1919, dugsiga waxaa loo beddelaa dugsiga shaqada ee wareega 2-a. Nicholas qalin ka ee 1920

Fursadda in ay sii wadaan waxbarashada Nicholas muuqday oo kaliya muddo 22 sano ah. Factory Komsomol shirka waxaa la go'aamiyay in la siiyo ruuxyada tigidh si ay awood shaqaalaha ee Kharkov isticmaalka dhulka iyo machadka geodetic ah. Ka dib markii uu qalin-jabinta, waxa uu ahaa in ay galaan iyaga oo aan baaritaan ku Leningrad Polytechnic jaamacadda ee waaxda farsamo, halkaas oo uu ka bartay design iyo soo saaraan cagaf iyo gawaarida awood. ka Institute wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay ee 1932

Khibrad shaqo

Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich, kuwaas oo Biography waxaa lagu tilmaamay in this article, wuxuu bilaabay inuu la shaqeeyo 14 sano. Marka hore waxaa jiray xoghayaha ee guddiyada masaakiinta tuulada hooyo uu. In 1921 wuxuu noqday qoraya wakiil. Waxa uu sameeyay tirakoobka ah xisaabinta canshuurta. In mas'uul ka ah qolka akhriska ee degmada ka. Rayzemlesa ahaa xoghayaha iyo madaxa xafiiska diiwaanka. In 1925 wuxuu shaqo sida geedka dabocase a Carver Chupahovsky helay. markii qaar ka mid ah ka dib uu ku wareejiyo waaxda farsamada iyo caadi.

Isla markii Ruux qalin helay shaqo at dhirta Leningrad ee "Red Putilovets". Marka hore waxaa jiray shaqaalaha caadiga ah ee caadiga ah. Laakiin dhawr sano ka dib markii aan bilaabay inuu bedelo naqshadeeye sare.

Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich: Designer carruurnimada

Dulsaarka wax ku qorshayso iyo in la dhiso Nikolai bilaabay in ay kasoo baxdo carruurnimada. Marka uu ahaa sano oo kaliya 7 jir ah, waxa ay billaabeen inay wiilasha xaafada, waayo, kuwii la sameeyey hub dagaal alwaax for dagaal wadada. Sida dhallinyaro ah, Nicholas si fudud lagu cusboonaysiiyo laga yaabaa jeedo oo farsamo, qalab, daloolin. Ka dib markii radio gymnasium dhisay. Sidaas tuulada waxaa jiray radio koowaad.

Shaqooyinka tanko- iyo cagaf

Nikolai Leonidovich ku hawlan la dhigaayo qalabka kala duwan ee cagaf "Universal" In ka sano ee hore ee hawlgalka ee warshad Leningrad Kirov (LB) Ruux. Shaqeeyeen Abuuridda "baabuurta rakaabka" Soviet ugu horeysay, "Leningrad-1." Waxa uu ka qayb qaatay dhismaha wiish.

In 1936 oo uu ku biirey in ay ka shaqeeyaan horumarinta reer gawaarida gaashaaman. Waxa uu wareejiyay SKB-2, halkaas oo uu si ay u dhisaan, xoog iyo farsamo ee taangiga xisaabaha jar bilaabay. Xogtan ayaa dhowr sano ka dib iyo asxaabtii uu isticmaalo. Markaas waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa kooxda ee samaynta, kaas oo uu ku hawlan casriyeynta ee taangiyada T-28. shaqo ayaa la dhameystiray 1938, shakhsi jinni oo u qaadeen saarnaa gudbinta design cusub.

Dhamaadkii 1938 ayuu tusay mashruuc cusub ee culus taangiga military KV-1, taas oo markii danbe noqday qarow ah ee Germany. In 1939, LB bilaabay wax soo saarka ballaaran ee qalabka cusub hoos sawiro of jinniyadu. In 1940 waxaa loo magacaabay ku-xigeenka madaxa SKB-2. Waxa uu noqday naqshadeeye ugu horeeysa ee KV-1 oo kaalin weyn abuurka KV-2.

In 1941, geedka lahaa in la daad gureeyay in ay Chabrovsk. Shirkadda waxaa magacooda loo baxshay oo noqday kuwa loo yaqaan CTZ ku soo gaabiyey. On ku salaysan warshad hoose cagaf bilaabay wax soo saarka ee KV taangiyada taxane. In July oo ka mid ah Ruux isla sannad ayaa loo magacaabay naqshadeeye hogaanka Qaybta Saddexaad oo u tegey Chabrovsk. shaqo ayaa waxaa si dhaqso ah. Oo October 1941, Nikolai Leonidovich noqday ku xigeenka naqshadeeye sare ee geedka. In 1943 waxaa loo magacaabay madax naqshadeeye CTZ. Waxa uu ka shaqeeyay ilaa 1948

Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, Ruuxa ayaa sameeyay wax soo saarka shirka-line cusub ee taangiyada KV. Waxa uu hogaaminayo horumarinta beddelka iyo madaafiic. Waxaan aasaas casriyeeyey taangiyada T34 dhexdhexaad ah. Under jihada Dukhov qabtay si ay u horumariyaan a taxane IC cusub (1, 2, 3, 4). In muddo guudahaan waxa la abuuray cagaf cusub S-80 la qol xidhan.

shaqada ee warshadaha nukliyarka

In 1948 Nikolay Leonidovich Ruuxa waxaa loo keenay in ay ka shaqeeyaan mashruuca qaaradda CB-11. Waxa uu noqday bedel ku for naqshadeeye sare Yuri Kharitonov. Under hoggaanka waaxda Nikolai Leonidovich ahaa mas'uul ka ah abuurista la'aan plutonium Soviet ugu horeysay oo qarax ah qaaradda. In 1949, Ruux ee ka qayb qaatay in ay imtixaanka goobta imtixaanka Semipalatinsk. Iyo sanadkii 1953 - Qarax hydrogen ah.

Tan iyo 1954, Ruuxa noqday labada agaasime, naqshadeeye a sare iyo agaasimaha sayniska ee laanta koowaad ee KB-11. Nikolay Leonidovich ahaayeen jihooyinka aasaasiga ah ee waxqabad ah ee machadka - abuurista saanad hub nuclear nidaamyada la bilaabo ay lacag, qalab gacanta iyo instrumentation.

naqshadeeye Soviet ah oo dhanba NL tixgeliyo asaasaha dugsi ee design of madaxyada nukliyeerka. 10 sano hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Dukhov 3 cutub jiilka si toos ah ka dib markii la soo saaray. Oo weliba wuxuu qotomiyey saanad gantaalaha ballistic, torpedoes, Gantaalaha safar ugu horeysay ee ciidamada badda, ciidamada cirka iyo Air Difaaca. Dadkaas iyaga ah, marka lagu daro tiro ka mid ah qalabka kala duwan la abuuray. 3 farcankii instrumentation ayaa la sameeyey iyada oo ay hoggaaminayaan ee jinniyadu

• oscillographic;
• bezostsillograficheskaya;
• iswada la diiwaan-a digital.

Designer, Macallimow

Engineering iyo naqshadda shaqada Nikolay Leonidovich weheliso waxbaridda. Laga soo bilaabo 1935 in 1940. uu ku hawlanaa tababarka ardayda ku dhex yiil waddada iyo Polytechnic ah machadyada Leningrad. In 1944 kulliyadda Farsamada Engineering la taangi iyo waaxda farsamo-injineernimada ah oo la furay. Head of Department ah loo magacaabay Ruux. Waxa kale oo uu hogaaminayo guddiga gobolka iyo baaritaanka hay'adda.

Nikolay Leonidovich, naqshadeeye Soviet, ayaa had iyo jeer ku lifaaqan muhiimadda ugu weyn ee tababarka khubarada aqoon sare le. Taasi ayaa jinni oo soo sara kiciyey Wasaaradda arrinta abaalmarinta reer darajo sayniska injineernimada musharax. Iyo 3 Ilaalinta ugu horeysay soo maray 1962

nolosha Personal

Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich guursaday Maria Alexandrovna, kaasoo uu kula noolaa ilaa uu dhintay. Work for jinniyadii ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa in meesha ugu horeysa. Laakiin qoyska waxay ahayd mid qiimo weyn isaga. Xaaskiisa ahaa mid aad u xasaasi ah iyo faham. Inta badan, markii ay soo xulay in ay tiyaatarka, waxay aragtay dhexe ee tallaabada Nikolay si lama filaan ah isu baxaan galay oo diirada. Waxay aamusnaan, isku dayaya in aan la cabsi galin fikirradiisiina wuu guriga u qaado. Oo intay jidka ku, sida ay gaariga ku fadhiistay, Ruux wuxuu bilaabay inuu qoro xisaabaha soo socda.

gabadhii lamaane ee Zoe uu ku dhashay, oo markii dambe si guul guursaday iyo waalidiinta siiyey farac ah - Svetlana iyo Igor. Nikolay Leonidovich in muddo dhif nasasho mar walba waqti aad iyaga u qabtaan.

dhimashada Dukhov

Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich dhintay May 1, 1964 ay sabab u tahay cudur halis ah, inkasta oo muddo kooban ah. naqshadeeye Health waxaa wiiqay by shaqo adag ka badan mashruuca nuclear iyo dagaalkii, markii oo dhan ayaa ka shaqeeya xadka awoodaha uu. Nikolay Leonidovich waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Novodevichy.

Awards iyo koob

In 1954 Ruux Nikolay Leonidovich (1904-1964 GG.) Waxaa loogu gudbiyo Sarreeye guud. Wuxuu ahaa dhakhtar ee cilmiga farsamada. Waxa uu ahaa goolkii guusha ee Lenin ah, State iyo afar Stalin Abaal. Saddex jeer helay horyaalka ee Hero of Socialist Labour. In 1953 wuxuu ahaa xubin ka mid ah Academy of Sciences ee USSR. Wuxuu waxaa la guddoonsiiyey bilado dhowr ah iyo afar Amarada of Lenin, mid ka mid - Suvorov degree labaad iyo hal - Red Star iyo Banner of Labor.