Rzeczpospolita

Rzeczpospolita - gobolka, taas oo la aasaasay qarnigii lix iyo Bariga Yurub. Halabuurka The oo ka mid ah awoodaha cusub waxaa ka mid ahaa Grand Duchy reer Lithuania la dalalkoodii (Lithuanian run iyo lifaaqan) iyo Poland la dalalkan oo isku mid ah. State jireen qiyaastii laba qarniyo, ilaa ay dagaal Austro-Hungary iyo Russia ma wadaagaan dhulka ee Commonwealth. The ugu horeysay ee qaybta Commonwealth ka bilaabay dhamaadkii dal weyn, kaas oo lahaa page dhalaalaysa oo wakhtiga taariikhdooda.

Sayidka, ku biirto ee labada dal sicad ahaa tan iyo dhammaadkii qarnigii afar iyo tobnaad. Markaas, si ay u ilaaliyaan Order Teutonic ah, Poland iyo Lithuania ayaa abuuray isbahaysiga ku meel gaar ah ciidamada-siyaasadeed si kada ah cadowga. Isbahaysiga Tan waxaa si rasmi ah shaabadeeyey guurka mezhdinastiynym dhexeeya Jagiello iyo polka Lithuanian Jadwiga. guri ammaan talada haya intermarried, sidaas midoobeen, iyo kuwa amarka leh. Laakiin sida aynu ognahay, ma jirto wax dheeraad ah oo joogto ah ka badan meel gaar ah, si this isbahaysi military-siyaasadeed sii waday in ay si nabad ah ka jirin iyada oo ay hoggaaminayaan ee wakiilka koowaad ee guri ammaan ah Lithuanian, ka dibna - Polish ah. Ka dibna, ee xilka ka badan u joogsadeen oo polish ah, kuwaas oo dhab ahaantii lama ilaabaan awoodda ee gobolka.

isku daya in noocan oo kale ah ka caawiyay xirto jidka nolosha ah oo polish ah oo Lithuanians. The laba dad oo lahaa badan ka wadaagaan, inkastoo ay kala duwan aasaasiga ah, tusaale ahaan iimaanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax yar ka badan boqol sano, Midowga ay ilaa xad xasilloon.

waxbarashada tooska ah ee Commonwealth ka dhacay oo kaliya a boqol iyo konton sannadood, in 1569. Waayo, ururka this dooday in labada dhinac, gaar ahaan Lithuanians doonayay xuquuq siman leh Sidukiinta ee Polish. Taa baddalkeeda, oo polish ah ayaa muddo dheer lahaa ay indhaha on dhul beerashada ku Yukreeniyaan, inta badan kaas oo ahaa in Grand Duchy reer Lithuania.

Rzeczpospolita la aasaasay Lublin Sejm ah, taas oo soo urursadeen ergooyinka ka labada dal. Ulaha on cunto ah oo cad ku dooday in fikradda ah isdhexgalka buuxa dalalka Lithuania Rzeczpospolita. On qayb ka mid ah Lithuanians ayaa la soo jeediyey in la gaadho gabagabo ah ee Midowga ah isle maqlay. Lublin Sejm hareeyeen gusan badan by polish ah. Lithuanians ayaa xitaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan wada xaajoodka si loo damiyo xaaladda oo ay helaan waqti. In mid ka mid ah maqnaanshaha kuwaas Poland aan macquul ahayn waxaa ka mid ah in xubnaha ku dhowaad dhammaan dalalka oo Yukreeniyaan. Dabcan, in xisbiga Lithuanian uma dulqaadan kari waayeen ficillo sida ay polish ah, Lithuanians si ka badan hal mar ku adkeystay on shuruudaha wada faaiidaysanayo, halkii gooni, muujisay sida Poland. Inkastoo xiisadii sida sii, iyo sii War Livonian ah, kaas oo ay leeyihiin saamayn taban ku leh Lithuania. Xaaladda caalamiga ah uma oggolaan Lithuanians muujiyaan xaaladooda, sidaas ka dib markii qaar ka mid ah isbedbedelka markii kooxda Lithuanian in Lublin soo noqdeen oo isku raacay in la qaado jeclaysan waxyaabaha iyada dukumintiga. Hadda ka soo on map of Europe, gobolka cusub - Rzeczpospolita. On oogay oo dhan, waxaa caddaatay in shaqo heshiisiinta weyn waxaa lagu sameeyey koorsada kuwaas oo ay suurto gal ahayd in la helo tanaasul. Sidukiinta ee labada dal ka dhaw wada leh kasta oo kale.

Rzeczpospolita inta lagu guda jiro jiritaankeeda, ku qaatay waqti badan in dagaalka. Cossacks Yukreeniyaan Unconquered inta badan keenay ka badan dhib ka badan lacagta ka adeegyadooda. Ku dhowaad dhammaan of jiritaankeeda Rzeczpospolita dagaallameen joogto ah iyaga la. Oo markii Midowgii Ukraine iyo Russia daray Koox kale oo cusub. awood Ruush, in kastoo la diriraya oo polish ah ay guushu ku Ukraine, si kastaba ha ahaatee, si aad u hesho dhul caadi ah in ergooyinka si wadajir ah. Sayidka, dhulka Ukraine waxaa loo kala qaybiyey by heshiis Andrusovo. Poland helay gacanta ku Dhiniciisa Midig, laakiin by qaddar Rzeczpospolita isla Ruush waxaana loo kala qaybin doonaa, oo dhammaan doontaa jiritaankeeda.