Qeybinta unug

Qeybtu waxay ma aha oo kaliya muhiim ah oo ah in la soo celiyo daacadnimada unugyada, laakiin taranka ee noolaha. In laftiisa, qeybinta unug ku lug formation of laba ama in ka badan unugyada gabadh ka waalid keli ah. Koromosomis mashquulin meel aad u muhiim ah in geeddi-socodka kala qeybinta unugyada. Waxaa kuwaas oo mas'uul ka ah gudbinta macluumaadka farcankeenna ay waa.

qeybinta Cell. Maytosis iyo Meiosis

Waxaa jira laba nooc weyn ee horyaalka heerka - maytosis iyo meiosis. Midkii kowaad wuxuu ku lug formation of hal unug waalidka laba ilmo. Tirada koromosoom oo ku jira unugyada laba weli la mid ah sida in gacanta waalidka, unugyada ie waa isku mid. Kordhinta tirada koromosoomyada dhacdaa ka hor inta qeybinta. Sidaas darteed, unugyada la bedelay ka diploid in tetraploid. Dhamaadkii laba unugyada diploid loo sameeyay.

Meiosis waxaa lagu magacaabaa formation of afarta unugyada. Xaaladdan oo kale, mid kasta oo ka mid ah koromosoom oo ku jira nus ka yar in waalidka. Meiosis waxay badanaa ka dhacdaa si degdeg ah ka dib markii kooxdii kowaad. Sidaas darteed of hal diploid a helay afar haploid.

Inta u dhaxaysa qeybinta unug waa koraan iyo horumarinta, isku diyaarineysa horyaalka cusub. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, waxa ururayaa badan oo borotiin iyo sidoo kale labanlaabmay ku organelles ugu muhiimsan, oo iyaga, iyo koromosoomyada leh.

In la kala saaro afarta weji maytosis, oo midba midka kale raacaan kuna fidiyaan ilaa laba saacadood. qeybinta unug Mitotic ku lug leedahay tallaabooyinka soo socda.

In marxaladda ugu horeysay in la kordhiyo centrioles ulo ka gacanta. Intaas ka dib, formation dunmiiqa. Koromosoomyada ka sii muuqda. Isla mar ahaantaana u kala diray xuub nuclear, nucleolus ka dibna baaba'aa.

Wejiga labaad ee qaybinta waa in koromosoomyada leeyihiin in ay sii joogaan oo ay la socdaan dhulbaraha of cell iyo lifaaq qeybinta dunmiiqa.

In talaabada saddexaad koromosoomyada gabadhiisa ama chromatids bilowdo hawsha ee kala sabab u tahay ulo ka spindles unugyada.

In tallaabada xigta baaba'aan dunmiiqa, agagaarka koromosoomyada hore u kala firdhiyey bilaabaan si ay u sameeyaan baqshadda nuclear. Ka dib markii in kala qaybinaya cytoplasm iyo gabadhii unugyada loo sameeyay. Tan iyo qeybinta unug dhacdaa.

meiosis

Meiosis waxaa inta badan la xiriira taranka galmada unugyada iyo formation of unugyada jinsiga ee fangaska, dhirta iyo xayawaanka. qeybinta Cell ka kooban yahay laba hannaan oo isku xigta ee horyaalka heerka, si kastaba ha ahaatee labanlaabay koromosoom dhacdaa ka hor heerka koowaad. Taasi waa sababta keentay unugyada ku jira tiro kala badh ka mid ah koromosoomyada. Geedi socodka ah ee meiosis ka kooban yahay laba marxaladood oo muhiim ah - ka hor inta qaybintii iyo qaybintii, kuwaasoo mid walba uu u qaybsan yahay marxaladaha kala gooni ah.

In talaabada ugu horeysa ka hor qaybinaya koromosoomyada si caddaalad ah waa si fiican u arki karo. Sayidka labada ciyaaryahan koromosoom homologous bilaabaan si ay u sameeyaan, si adag u hoggaansanaayeen midba midka kale, ka dibna maroojin ay weheliyaan oo dhererkiisu dhan. Intaas ka dib, gobollada homologous of koromosoomyada ka bedelan qaybaha u dhexeeya kasta oo kale oo kala soocan yihiin. Dheeraad ah koromosoomyada homologous waa in saf weheliyaan dhulbaraha. At marxaladda soo socota ee koromosoom, kuwaas oo ka kooban laba chromatids bilaabaan inay fido dhinaca ulaha. Meelaan ee Labada ciyaaryahan kasta oo ka madax bannaan yahay oo laba laba kale oo kala koromosoomyada. Sayidka sameeyay unugyada gabadhii tiro kala badh ka mid ah koromosoomyada.

The qaybsamidda unugga labaad. Tallaabada ugu horreysa ee ku lug leh burburinta baqshadda nuclear oo ka lumay ee nucleoli. Intaas ka muuqan dunmiiqa. Markaas, koromosoomyada waa in saf at dhulbaraha by lifaaqaaya dunmiiqa. Marxaladda saddexaad chromatids labada unugyada gabadhiisa si tartiib tartiib ah fido in ay ulaha laga gelin lahaa. Ka dib markii in ay jiraan unugyada iyadoo hal koromosoomyada. unugyada jeermiga dheeraad ah loo sameeyay. tirada koromosoom oo ku jira gacanta cusub waa lay soo celiyey ka dib markii ay ku biirto ee gametes.