Polina Zhemchuzhina, "ku dhashay kacaanka"

Biography naagta madow lehba height dhexdhexaad ah oo leh indhaha caqli fiican bartay by taariikhyahan. Iyo qaar ka mid ah iyaga, taxliilin weyn fayl waraaqaha iyo hab oo ay su'aalo weydiinayeen, u saxiixay "committeemen" ee jiilaalka ee 1949, weli kartaa ma fahmaan sida fudud gabar ka Zaporozhye awoodaan in ay la jiido ee guusha tigidh iyo noqotay naagtiisii of a nin qabtay mas'uul booska ee dawladda ka mid ah Land ee Soofiyeedku .

Waxaa sugan, Polina Zhemchuzhina oo aan u qaadan kartaa in, isagoo noqday naagtii Molotov, ka dib mas'uul ka noqon doona qaybta muhiim ah USSR ee dhaqaalaha. Laakiin door dhismaha wadaag, waxaa weli naftooda u laabatay, sida cod karnimo ah ka marag furaa waqtiga u sabab ah sannadihii dhallinyaro ah.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

Polina Zhemchuzhina (Pearl asal Semenovna Karpovskaya) - hooyo ka mid ah tuulada guri, oo ku yaalla gobolka Alexander County Ekaterinoslav. Waxay ku dhalatay March 11, 1897. Aabaheed wuxuu ahaa dawaarle fudud. Horeba isagoo da 'yar, Pauline uu bilaabay in uu shaqeeyo. Marka hore ayay kaxaysay warshad kiiska sigaarka tubaakada, in muddo ah ka dib u baxay inuu ka shaqeeyo sidii khasnaji ah ee farmashiyaha.

Iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ee miyir "siyaasadeed" gabar maray isbedel weyn, sarkhaansan yihiin qalabka buuqa iyo dacaayad, waxa uu noqonayaa mid u Kaalmeeya fikradaha sinnaanta bulshada.

"The Party of Lenin - xoogga dadka"

At 21, Polina Zhemchuzhina noqday xubin ka mid ah xisbiga Bolshevik iyo ku biiray madaxda sare ee Ciidanka Cas, halkaas oo uu si firfircoon waa olole dacaayad askartii ka dhex kacday. Waxay markaas u dhaqaaqay Kiev, halkaas oo Bolshevik dhallinyarada sii shaqada siyaasadeed. In Kharkov, gabadha heli doonaa dukumeenti aqoonsi ah, hagaajiyaa Polina Zhemchuzhina. Si dhakhso ah gabar mustaqbalkiisa xisbiga halis ah ku soo jeedin doonaa.

kulan khaas ah

In hore 20-mada magaalada Soviet ayaa loo qorsheeyay Congress waxaan Haweenka Adduunka. Sida Ergay ka guddiga magaalada Zaporizhzhya waxaa loo soo diray in ay Polina Zhemchuzhina. Iyadoo qayb ka ah presidium isaga qudhiisa ku fadhiistay Vyacheslav Molotov. Waxa uu ahaa kii lagu arkay Bolshevik dhallinyarada ka soo Zaporozhye, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in tiro badan oo haweenka la joogo qolka - asxaabta.

The mustaqbalka Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibada ee ku USSR kulmay dhalinyaro ah dhaqdhaqaaqe oo la weydiiyay iyada in aan soo laabto Ukraine. Sidaas Polina Zhemchuzhina hadhay ee Moscow.

Life ee caasimada

In Moscow, iyadu helay shaqo sida macallin Guddiga Degmada Rogozhsko-Simonovsky of RCP ah (B). Muddadan, iyana waxay noqotay mid aad u dhow la leh Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, iyo in waqti ka dib waxay gacanta ku iyo qalbiga waxay bixisaa. Polina Semenovna Zhemchuzhina ogolaado. Iyada iyo ninkeeda, waxay marka hore ku noolaa guri la wadaago qoyska Stalin ee, ka dibna way iska tagtay, laakiin la deriska joogay, "hoggaamiyaha quruumaha." Molotov xaaskaaga noqdo saaxiib dhow naagtii reer Yuusuf Vissarionovich. Waxay leeyihiin badan ka wadaagaan, xaalad bulsho, da'da iyo xisbiga shaqada.

Khibrad shaqo

Polina Semenovna Zhemchuzhina yimaado inaad wax ka barato Kuliyada Dhaqaalaha Plekhanov Institute iyo ka dib Bolshevik qalin madax banaan u shaqeeya warshad cadarka "New Dawn" sida xoghayaha laanta xisbiga. In 30 ee hore, ayay yeelan doonaan si ay u maareeyaan this adag hadda. In ka sano prewar Polina Zhemchuzhina, kuwaas oo Biography ka kooban yahay xaqiiqooyin badan oo caan ah iyo xiiso leh, waxay noqon doontaa mas'uul ka ah hawlaha oo keentay in ay commissariats Soviet.

Gaar ahaan, iyadu keentay a dardaro, saabuun, perfumery iyo isku qurxiyo, warshadaha kalluunka. Wax yar ka Polina Zhemchuzhina (Molotov naagtiisii) xaq u yeesheen xaq u galay golaha dhexe ee CPSU ah (b) soo galo, laakiin waxaa jiray dhacdooyin in si qoto dheer bedelay noloshiisa mustaqbalka.

Alaarmiga for Stalin

In dabayaaqadii 30 ee booliska qarsoodi ah ay awoodaan in la dhiso in ay u dhaxday oo ka mid ah Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee USSR waa in waraaqo walaasheed, oo ku nool Palestine leh. Waxay ahayd ay calaamada hore halis Polina Semyonovna noqon Caayan waayo, xoog.

Winter 1941 Pearl laga saaray liiska murashaxiinta ee hay'adaha xisbiga. Waxay go'aansatay in ay diiradda saaraan shaqo ee Guddiga Antifascist Yuhuudda. Sida la og yahay, ka dib markii dagaalka, qaab-dhismeedka this waxa uu noqday meel sida urur khatar ah iyo xarunta wadaninimo. Laakiin Stalin uu gudaha xukumay diiday in ay ka mid ah waxa ku jira dulman sababta. Laakiin waxaa kaliya ka careysan fal sameeyey Pearl - iyadu booqday sunagogga. Sidoo kale, ma uu jeclaan Polina Semenovna qarsaday in qoraaga J. Ferrer ayaa ku wargeliyay in uusan rumaysan in version rasmiga ah ee dhimashada Aktarka Mikhoels. Intaa waxaa dheer, hogaamiyaha Naceen in Pearl la kulmay Safiirka Israel Golda Meir. Stalin go'aansaday inuu naagtiisa Molotov diri maxaabiis by eedeymaha iyada musuqmaasuq ee xilka of warshadaha nuurka.

Sidaas darteed, iyada ayaa lagu xukumay 5 sano oo hijrooday oo ku soo diray ee gobolka Kustanai. awood siyaasadeed ee ninkeeda si dhab ah gariirin, oo waxaa lagu qasbay in ay furtaan la xabbad luul ah, inkasta oo ay aad u jeclaan iyada.

Wax yar ka hor tegitaanka nolosha Stalina Polinu Semenovnu lagu wareejiyay ka Kazakhstan si Moscow si ay u bilaabatay su'aalo ku cusub ganacsiga, taas oo iyadu waxa uu noqday supernumerary. Waxay ahayd mid ku Qaddarray qaataan inta kale ee naftiisa ka go'doonsan bulshada.

Xorriyadda dheer la sugayay

Laakiin qaddar nooc ahaa in xaaskiisa Molotov ee. Isla dhimashada hogaamiyaha shakhsi dayactirey by Lavrenty Beria ka dib. From news this Pearl xataa darnaatay. Ka dib markii qaar ka mid ah waqtiga, iyadu ayaa u safray dalka ninkeedii. Vyacheslav Mikhailovich ahaa faraxsan in ay arkaan in uu nool yahay Polina Pearl. carruurta Molotov ee qoyska waxay leeyihiin?

Su'aashani waxa kale oo laga yaabaa in xiisaha ay u badan. Polina Semyonovna dhashay ka mid ah iyo gabadh keliya, Svetlana, oo markii danbe ka doortay cilmi-shaqo oo ka mid ah Institute of History Adduunka.

Pearl dhintay May 1, 1970. Sabab dhimasho istaahisha - kansarka. Polina Semyonovna waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha magaalada Novodevichy.