The caanka Alexander Nevsky? The tilmaamaha ugu weyn ee waxqabad ah amiirka

Qorna gobolka Ruush ayaa boqolaal characters. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah ayaa tagay calaamad ah tirtiri karin on taariikhda. The caanka Alexander Nevsky, la og yahay in qof kasta oo daneyneysa in ay noqoto dawladda Ruush. Maanta waxaa jira wax badan oo ka mid ah dood taariikhyahanadu casri ah oo ku saabsan nolosha iyo shaqada ee shakhsiyadda this xiiso leh.

Childhood iyo dhalinyarada ee Prince

Biography Aleksandra Nevskogo (taariikhaha muhiimka ah ayaa ku urursan ee 1233-1263 sano) abid arko marka la eego guulaha ay ciidamada. Laakiin sidoo kale oo xiiso leh waa daqiiqado dhalinyarada iyo formation of qof ee Duke Grand ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay ilo qaar ka mid ah, Alexander ayaa ku dhashay May 1220 magaalada Pereslavl-Zaleski, ilo kale magacaabi 1221 sida taariikhda uu ku dhashay, halka qaar kalena farta waqti dheeraad ah ka dib - sano 1238-1240.

Alexander ahaa ina Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich oo ahaa ina awoowe halyeeyga Vsevolod Nest ee Big. Oo hooyadiis - Feodosiya Mstislavna Toropetskaya, gabadhii Mstislav Udatnogo, Prince of Novgorod iyo Galician.

Tan iyo carruurnimada, barbaarinta of Alexander aabihiis bixisay fiiro gaar ah. In 1225 wiilkii buu la jiray xaflad maamuus galay dagaalyahan. Prince tan iyo sanadaha hore hanashada arrimaha military ku liibaantid oo xeeladaha. At da'da 13 uu sameeyey uu safar ugu horeysay la aabbihiis Dorpat, halkaas oo marka hore la diriray Livonians ah. xirfadaha waxay noqon doontaa mid waxtar leh oo isaga ugu sano ee boqortooyada, iyo dagaalka ka dhanka ah cadowga. Qof uu laaluushay maanka lagu daabacay qof, laakiin inta badan ku riyaaqay habka jir xaqiijiyay - isticmaalka xoog, waxaa muhiim ah in ka badan Alexander ee Nevsky caanka ah ee qarniyo.

siyaasadda gudaha

In 1226, aabbihiis tagay sagaal sano iyo siddeed sano Theodore Alexander inuu u taliyo in Novgorod, ka dib markii oday Fedor Danilovich iyo Yakim ku boyar amiir u eegto. Laakiin camal ee Novgorod ma siin kuwii gobta ahaa dhallinyarada in ay ku fadhiistay carshigii muddo dheer, oo dalkiina way ka tageen. Laakiin mar hore in 1230 dadka dalalka deggan oo kuwan haddana u yeedhay Yaroslav si baa iyaga u taliya, inuu saxiixay heshiis uu kula degan iyo taliyayaal maxaliga ah sida a wiilashooda daafaca bidix.

Tan iyo 1231, Alexander iyo Walaalkiis noqdo Prince rasmi ah Novgorod. 2 sano ka dib, ka hor uu guurka, Fedor si lama filaan ah u dhintay, oo wax walba ka sarreeya, kelyahayga ka gudbay in Alexander.

In 1236 wuxuu qaaday carshiga Kiev iyo Novgorod xeerar u gaar ah. siyaasadda qoyska dhallinyarada ah amiirka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu xoojiyo awoodda iyo dalka cadaawayaashiinna dibadda loo ilaaliyo, iyo iyaga oo wakhtigaas waxaa jiray kuwo badan.

Alexander waxaa qalcado la dhiso, xoojisaa xuduudaha hantidoodii. Ururiya cashuurta, helo calaamadaha ka Khan ayaa hanti dalalkan oo Ruush Xumeeyaan jebin rabshado iyo kacdoonkii aan buuq. In 50 sano ka dib duulaankii ee tataarka ee Vladimir, ayuu dhisayso magaalada, waxay bixisaa in ay macbudyo ah fiiro gaar ah. Laakiin hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ayaa diiradda lagu saaray siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda. Prince Aleksandr Yaroslavich Nevsky codsatay oo dhan sirdoonka, sanco iyo talanti on arimahan.

The fallaadhaha of siyaasadda dibadda

The hawlaha Prince Alexander ee Novgorod, oo waxaa xusid mudan in uu ahaa hoggaamiye milatari oo tayo leh iyo diblomaasi. Xoojinta cordons ee hanti u gaar ah iyo la dagaalanka weeraro joogta ah oo ka mid ah Knights Livonian iyo Swedish, Prince isku dayay tricks of diblomaasiyadda si la isugu dheellitiro xiriirka la Horde Golden ah, oo ay ka fogaadaan duulaankii ee tataarka ah. Burburinta iyo khasaaro nolosha aadanaha ka dib markii isku dhac noocan oo kale ah ay ahaayeen weyn. Ka fikirka ku saabsan su'aasha ku saabsan waxa caanka Alexander Nevsky, kaliya aad u baahan tahay in la xusuusto oo uu guulo diblomaasiyadeed iyo sheegtaan waxqabad dulinka iyo in guulaha ay waaweyn.

Dhinac kale oo siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda - xiriirka la Vatican-ka. In mid ka mid ah taariikhda xusin in Pope la soo jeediyay in ay u guuraan amiir Ruush ee iimaanka Laatiin, laakiin waxa uu ka walacsan diiday doorasho oo caynkaas ah.

Xiriirka la iswiidhishka, deenishka, Jarmalka iyo Lithuanians

Warriors diray farta le'daan, in 1238 baxeen inay la diriraan kibir ah Novgorod. Wakhtigan xilli goob joog ka ahaa ee deenishka, Sweden iyo Order Livonian ah. Waxa ugu horreeya ee noqday caan Alexander Nevsky hor Battle of Lake Peipus, - waa guuldaradii cadowga on Izhora ah. In 1240, dagaal ay ka dhacaan afka webiga Izhora Knights deenishka. hoggaanka Independent oo ka mid ah ciidamada iyo geesinimada muujiyey in dagaalka, keenay guul Novgorod.

In 1242, Alexander soo laabtay gacanta ku Pskov. Bishii April ee sanadkii la mid ah waxay qaadataa meel caanka ah Battle on Ice ah, taas oo ah taliyaha jabin Knights Teutonic oo la naaneeso Nevsky. In 1245 wuxuu ugu dambeyntii ka qarxay ciidanka Lithuanian.

Sida aan ognahay ka gacan koowaad, iyadoo dadyowga, Prince ma aha oo kaliya dagaal, laakiin sidoo kale in la dhiso xiriirka ganacsi, guurka carruurtooda.

Zolotaya Orda iyo siyaasadda amiir

dhimasho aabbihiis ka dib markii Alexander ayaa rajeynayay si aad u hesho toobiye a sabuuradda in Vladimir, laakiinse inaan yeelo doonista dalka oo uu carruur walaalkiis u fogaatay Andrew, iyo Nevsky ahaa in Novgorod. Andrew ahaa koox weyin ee tataarka ah, iyo Alexander qabtay siyaasadda addeecid. In 1252, Andrew iyo Walaalkiis Jaroslaw soo horjeedaan tataarka waxaa ka buuxda looga adkaado, iyo sanco Andrew u tageen inay Meng Khan iyo helay toobiye ah oo ku saabsan lahaanshaha ee dalalka Ruushka oo dhan. Ka hor geeridiisii, oo amiir u raacay siyaasadda ee appeasement ee tataarka ah.

Taariikhyahanadu, hadalka ku saabsan waxa Alexander Nevsky noqday caan ah, laakiin ku guuleystay in ka badan Order Livonian ah, oo xusuusiya badan ee uu siyaasadda diblomaasiyadeed ka dhanka ah tataarka ah. Prince ahaa dib u dhiska magaalada awoodaan oo umana uu oggolaan inaad buuxiso baabba ', in kastoo uu farcankiisa ku guulaysteen in ay dumin ah harqood Tatar-Mongol on Russia.