Nabad weligeeda leh oo Poland ee 1686: sababaha iyo natiijooyinka

In 1686, Russia iyo Poland ayaa galay nabad weligeed ah. Waxa uu joojiyo in dagaalladii badan oo dheer in dalalka deriska la ah saamayn gobollada soohdinta. Heshiiska go'an sidii loo xoojin lahaa Russia iyo soo laabashada qayb ka mid ah Ukraine iyo Smolensk.

dunida gariir

In 1654-1667 GG. Russia iyo Rzeczpospolita in xaalad xun ku reebaan dagaalka. Awoodaha dooday dhulka soohdinta sheegay in dal kasta ka weyn. nabad weligeeda leh oo Poland ee 1686 ahaa heshiiska in xaqiijiyay natiijada khilaafka this. Dhab ahaantii, wuxuu labalaabka qodobada dokumentiga saxiixay Andrusovo tuulada ee 1667. Haddii heshiiska kowaad wuxuu ahaa oo kaliya ku meel gaar ah xabad joojin ah 13-sano (kaas oo la diiwaan geliyey mid ka mid ah qodobada), nabadda weligeeda leh oo Poland ee 1686 go'an dib u heshiisiinta oo ka mid ah labada dal oo ay isku daya siyaasadeed.

Sida ku cad heshiiska, Russia ahaa Novgorod-Seversky, Smolensk, bidix Bank Ukraine iyo Kyiv (yaal Dhiniciisa Midig, Dnieper ah). Waayo, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in uu waqti u ahaa guushii taariikhiga dhabta ah. Waxa uu dalka lahaa qayb ka mid hal mar la mid ah mid ka mid ah gobolka Old Ruush soo laabtay. Waxay ahaayeen ku lifaaqan Lithuania, markii madaxda East Slavic ahaayeen burbursan oo aan xididaysan. Dhamaadka XIV ah. taliyayaashii Vilna gabagabeeyay urur la Poland, raaceen by Moscow, iyo ka dib Russia ahaa ciidan awood leh in xuduudaha ay reer galbeedka.

Reunion la Ukraine

Gaar ahaan muhiim ahaa xaqiiqada ah in nabadda weligeeda leh oo Poland ee 1686 dib u Smolensk, Russia. Magaaladu waxay markii ugu horeysay lagu guulaystay Lithuania Basil III, iyo sidoo kale, ka dibna mar kale laga badiyay xilligii of Time ee rabshado. Iyadoo dib u soo celinta xasiloonida dalka Ruushka ee Moscow carshiga waxay ahaayeen Romanovs ah. Boqor labaad ee guri ammaan ah - Alexis - hadda dib loo soo celiyo caddaalad taariikhi ah, oo waxaa loo xilsaaray ee gabadhiisa Sophia.

In qeybtii labaad ee Polish XVII Qarniga Ukraine bilaabeen inay wada gariiri kacdoonkii ee waddaniyiinta maxaliga ah, waxaay awoodda in Moscow. Hogaamiye ahaa Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky. sannado badan oo dagaal ku dhamaaday kaliya marka uu galay nabad weligeeda leh oo Poland. 1686 waxay ahayd taariikhda dabaal for Ukraine ah. colaadda ay la Poles qaan-gasha diinta (mid ahaayeen asal raaca oo kale Catholic) iyo khilaafaadka luqadda.

Qaybta dalalkan Cossack

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ka badan Poland ee la hadhay Xaq-bangiga Ukraine. Qaybta kaliya ee kor u kacay layna u dhexeeya labada qaybo ka mid ah dalka, taas oo ahayd soohdinta u dhaxaysa Dnieper ah. Xoojinta of state siyaasadeed oo cusub oo ka mid ah arrimaha gobolka ka qayb qaatay Peace ee weligeed la Poland (1686). Natiijada wadahadalo dheer been in xaqiiqda ah in Sich Zaporizhzhya ahaa kayd u dhexeeya labada awoodaha. Tani waxa ay ahayd gobol muhiim ah oo ku noolaa Cossacks free. Taliyayaasha iyo ciidammadoodii ahaayeen ilaalinta lagu kalsoonaan karo ka dhan ah Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, si loo xoojiyo saamayn ku sugan gobolka Badda Madow.

Turkey noqday ciidanka aad in uu ka qayb qaatay isku daya in u dhexeeya Poland iyo Russia oo ay wada dhammaadeen ay labada dhinac heshiis nabadeed. In 1672, markii ay dhamaaday wadahadalo Andrusovo, oo ay ahayd weli cadeyn sida ay xaaladda horumarin doontaa, Muslimiinta qabtay Kamenetz-Podolsk, hore u lahayd ee Dawlada Dhexe. Ka dib markii in, Turkigu wuxuu bilaabay inuu si nidaamsan weeraraan dalalka oo Cossack joogay aagga danaha Russia ee. Waxaa caddaatay in waqti labada dal Christian in gudoohoda oo khilaafkooda iyaga u gaar ah oo ay ku biiraan ciidamada ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah hanjabaad urub.

khatar Turkish

Turkiga ayaa sii waday in ay la inta kale ee Europe dagaalamaan. In 1683, waxay xataa isku dayeen in ay hareereeyeen Vienna - caasimadda ah ee Austria iyo awood guri ammaan Habsburg. Waxaan bilaabay si ay u horumariyaan isbahaysi caalami ah ka gees ah Istanbul. Rzeczpospolita, kaas oo ahaa in xilka ugu nugul, waxa ma aysan dooneynin inay aqbalaan natiijada dagaalka dhawaan la Russia, ka dib markii taas Romanovs ka dib Smolensk iyo dhulka kale oo muhiim ah Ruush.

Laakiin xaaladaha cusub, markii koonfurta magaalada Polish soo gaartay weerarrada ka mid ah Turkiga iyo tataarka, boqortooyada ayaa go'aansaday in ay dib aragti in heshiis la Moscow. Awoodda dhexe, dareen habka go'doon, xataa qabtay magaalada caasimadda ah ee ugu danbeysay ee taariikhda dalka Sobor Zemsky ah. Waxaan u malaynayay in ay fadhiga ka wada hadleen xaaladaha nabad weligeeda leh oo Poland ee 1686

Saxiixa heshiiska

heerka ugu dambeeya ee wadahadalo kula polish ah ee ka dhacay muddada Regency ee Queen Sophia - gabadhii ugu weynaa ee Alexei Mikhailovich. Waxay saaray madaxa amarka Safiiro aad ugu jeceshahay Prince Golitsyn. Isagu waa in xiriir toos ah la soo gudbiyeen ergada shisheeye ku adkeystay on xaqiiqada ah in Russia ayaa ku biiri doona isbahaysiga anti-Turkish kaliya haddii Rzeczpospolita si qeexan loo xaqiijiyo shuruudaha heshiiska hore Andrusovo.

jeedinta Intaasu waa intii laga aqbalay. Royal Safiirada go'aansaday inaan ku ganacsan in deegaan ay dalkooda ahaa ayaa qarka u saaran inuu kacay sababta oo ah dagaalka Turks. Sidaas waxa la isku raacay weligeed Peace la Poland (1686). Xaggee saxeexaan muhiimka ah, waayo, taariikhda dalka? Wuxuu la saxiixay Moscow on 6 May. Sida laga soo xigtay heshiiska, Russia biiray Ururka Midowga Yurub, kuwaas oo la Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda diriray. In 1687 iyo 1689 waxaa jiray caan ah ololaha Crimean, madax by amiirka in isla Golitsyn.