Heerka seddexaad ee casriyeynta - waa mid dhab ah

In qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XIX ee aragtiyaha dhaqaale ayaa keeneysa la kala qaybiyey oo ay quruumaha dunida oo dhan galay casriyeynta laba-tier, sidaas qeexaya ay meel wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee badeecada. kala soocidda iyo waxa ay hadda qabsadey maskaxda ku takhasusay dalal badan oo ku bilowday waddada u dhowaanin xiriirka dadweynaha in heerarka caalamiga ah qeexay heerka ugu sareeya ee horumarka farsamada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hadda waxaa jira laba iyo saddex tier.

Taasoo keentay kooxda golaha horeysay industry ee

Tilmaame ugu weyn in ay go'aamiso in sida tareenka casriyeynta, waa hab ka mid ah horumarka gobolka, iyo sidoo kale nooca ujeeddo taas oo sababtay in ay dib u habaynta dhaqaalaha iyo bulshada. horumar dhaqaale ee ka qayb qaatay in ay la qabsiga tartiib ah sharciga baahida kordhaysa ee suuqa, iyo hindisaha ahaa, sida masaal, "hooseysa."

Ciidamada wax soo saar leh heer kasta ha la kulmo heerarka sharciga hadda jira, oo halkaas waa ka tagay siman iyaga ka ay guushu ku xidhiidhka bulshada cusub, taas oo shaki la'aan qariyo horumar ah ee xaaladda kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo heerarka, sida ay Hegel, "gooyey si tartiib ah". Taasi waa sida dalalka soo koraya ee tier ugu horeysay, ka mid ah oo ay ka mid wadamada yurub taariikh ahaan reer galbeedka iyo North American States.

In foomka la fududeeyay, xaaladda dalalkaas matali karaa sida codsi joogto ah, dhex marayay in baahida on qayb ka mid ah ka qayb firfircoon ee dadka ka soo horjeeda dowladda, "Ha faragelin nala si ay u horumariyaan!"

casriyeynta heerka labaad

In Empire Ruushka, Japan, Turkey, Spain, Portugal iyo qaar ka mid ah dalalka kale ee Warega of qarniyadii XIX iyo XX, xaaladda ahaa xoogaa kala duwan. Tilmaamo taariikhiga ah qaar ka mid ah horumarinta wadamada keentay in xaalad ay korriimadooda warshadaha ula yimaadeen qaar ka mid ah (oo mararka qaarkood aad u aabo yeelin) farqiga leh madaxda. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, tilmaamayaasha qaar ka mid ah oggolaan si ay u ilaaliyaan Fadilmo ee warshadaha badan, sida tareenka kordhin weyn dhisay si deg deg ah in Russia, uu korayo tiro aad u badan oo ah hadhuudh, iyo koritaanka saarka garaacday dhamaan diiwaanada.

heerka labaad ee casriyeynta - dal doonaya in ay ka gudbaan arakayo ay technology warshadaha gaar ah ka soo heerka sare. Hawlgalkani waxa ku kicin kara maamulka gobolka, walaacsan suurto gal hanjabaad dibadda iyo dhibaatooyin gudaha ah in ay dhacdo ilaalinta dheeraad ah ama sare ee nidaamka kala soocan ee.

Simplistically xaaladda this waxa loo arki karaa madaxa racfaanka ee dalka in ay muwaadiniinta: "Marwooyin, saaxiibo, waa in aan wax ka qaban, iyo in uu noqon doono xun. Oo anna waxaan ogahay waxa ay tahay. " Inta badan casriyeynta sida uu ahaa in la xoojiyo awooda ciidamada loo baahan yahay in Sagna ku gardarada iyo ballaarinta dibadda, laakiin mararka qaarkood ayay u dhacday, oo nabad ah.

Halkee sameeyey heerka seddexaad

In dhexe ee qarnigii labaatanaad on map dunida waxaa jiray tiro ka mid ah dalalka, taas oo dib ugu muuqatay in marka la eego farsamada si aan ninna u qaadan kara rajada suurto galka ah ee ay horumarinta warshadaha. Halaagnay gardarada Japanese iyo dagaal ku xiga ee 1950-1953, South Korea dhowr sano ee, uu ku sameeyey boodboodi degdeg ah iyo mid ka mid ah madaxda adduunka ee injineernimada beddelay. Taiwan, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Thailand iyo "shabeelka dhalinyaro ah" kale Asian ayaa sidoo kale si adag u sheegay in ay meel on the suuqa dunida. In ka todobaatanaadkii goor dambe, ka mid ma la rogmato laga yaabaa in Shiinaha ayaa la macno dhammaystiraan counters alaabtooda oo dhan geesood oo dunida dacaladeeda.

Kooxda golaha Saddexaad - waa dalka in u suurtagashay in ay sawiri ay dhibaato qaran, kuwaas oo heerka hoose ee dakhliga, a faa'iidada tartanka weyn. Cheap shaqada dhaqmeen sida engine ee horumarka. Casriyaynta lagu qaaday ku saleysan teknoolajiyada amaahatay iyo taageero gobol oo dhamaystiran.

waxaa jiri doona afraad ah?

sababaha xiiso casriyeynta yimid kooxda golaha saddexaad. Tani waxay ugu horrayn waa doonaya keentay shirkadaha caalamiga ah loo yareeyo kharashka soo saarka aad, by dhaqaaqin goobaha wax soo saarka dalalka xoog shaqada oo qiimo-jaban, wanaagsan cimilada maalgashiga iyo xaaladda siyaasadeed ee deggan. Lahaanshaha ay qashin oo dhan of this, ka nibiriyada badda ee dhaqaalaha dunida leeyihiin sabab u wada socda. teknoolajiyada Advanced ayaa la heli karo, iyo dalalka koritaanka soo saara GDP in ay oggolaadaan in iyaga si ay u qabtaan tartan gaar ah siyaasadda hal-abuurnimo.

Haddii ay jiri doonto heerka afaraad ee casriyeynta? Ilaa iyo inta su'aashan weli furan.