Consort leedahay beduliyum, wakiilada ugu weyn oo ay codsiga in dhaqaalaha dalka.

Consort leedahay beduliyum (haddii kale loo yaqaan arenes) - biosoedineniya waa u taagoo organic ah kuwaas oo ka kooban hal ama in ka badan wareegyada ee lix atamka ee carbon. giraanta Benzene, lagu gartaa guryaha jireed iyo kiimikada gaar ah. Magaca "Arena" ayaa lagu daray chemistry ah organic iyo guud ahaan 18-ka daahay - horraantii qarnigii 19aad. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah walxaha kaas oo ka koobnaa laba kiimiko ah - hydrogen iyo carbon oo lahaa ur wacan (Beeyada, balsams, lagama maarmaan ah saliidaha, foox). Waqti ka, magaca "Consort leedahay beduliyum" badiyay ay muhiimadda, tan iyo xabakta la kulmay ka mid ah fasalada kale xeryahooda organic, iyo ugu leedahay beduliyum ama leedahay ur xun. Benzene waxaa go'doonsan markii ugu horeysay ee qarnigii hore 19-ka gaaska dhuxul ah. A wax yar ka dib (1845) AF Hoffman qoondaysaa Consort leedahay beduliyum (benzene) ka daamur dhuxusha. Maalmahan fasalka Arenes (IUPAC soocidda) lagu daro xeryahooda ku salaysan taagoo in ay leeyihiin benzelnye muhiimka ah. Sidaas daraaddeed xeryahooda sida ku kala galay hal iyo-multi kaatunkiisii, iyo sidoo kale Consort leedahay beduliyum la nuclei waxaysidoo.

saaxadda Mononuclear - waa xeryahooda organic kuwaas oo ka kooban hal giraan benzene. Dhismaha taagoo benzene wakiil caadiga ah arenes formula ugu Kekule lagu muujiyay sida wareegga lix atamka Carbo, kuwaas oo sidoo kale u xiran by fudud C-C iyo C = C bonds double. Qaab dhismeedka Tani waxaa xaqiijiyay falanqaynta casriga physico-kiimikada.

fahamka Kekule aasaasiga ah ee qaab-dhismeedka benzene yihiin: 1) uu leeyahay qaab-dhismeedka ee giraanta benzene hexagonal; 2) giraanta benzelnom esti saddex fudud iyo saddex bonds double, 3) Dhamaan lix atamka Carbo on giraanta benzene ka siman yihiin in ay midba midka kale. formula waxay muujinaysaa kooban aasaaska ah ee benzene, oo saamiga atamka hydrogen Carbo ee Britain, waayo la'aanta isomers monosubstituted of taagayo benzene.

Consort leedahay beduliyum waa kuwo baahsan ee dabiiciga ah. Waxay yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo daamur dhuxusha oo la helay ka dib markii muxaadaro qalalan ee dhuxusha. Arena waa qayb ka mid ah noocyo badan oo saliid ah iyo alaabooyinka kale ee dabiiciga ah (Beeyada, balsams, iwm). Intii lagu guda jiray muxaadaro engegan of dhuxusha ee celcelis ahaan helay, waayo, qiyaastii saddex boqolkiiba daamur dhuxusha, ama daamur dhuxusha. Oo daamur dhuxusha by muxaadaro jajab waxaa loo diyaariyaa tiro ka mid ah jajabka, iyo saliid laambadda ah (ka kooban xylenes, toluene, benzene, thiophene), saliidda carbolic (ka kooban cresols, phenols oo naphthalene), (naphthalene ku jirto) saliidda daamurka oo saliid anthracene (waxaa ku jira phenanthrene, anthracene iyo goobaha kale ee sare), iyo garoonka waxaa loo adeegsaday xaaraya wadada iyo sida wax dhismaha ah.

Isticmaalka Consort leedahay beduliyum. Benzene waxa lagu gartaa ur gaar ah, ficil ahaan beelaya biyo. Waa dareeraha wanaagsan biosoedineny organic. Dhexsameeysmo jirka ka daamur dhuxusha. Benzene - wax qiimo leh sida xawliga ah u wax soo saarka ee formaldehyde, daawooyinka, walxaha qarxa, dhiirrigeliyeyaasha koritaanka dhirta, doogga, sunta cayayaanka, iwm

Toluene waa diyaar L. in qase organic. Diyaariyey laga daamur dhuxusha, iyo sidoo kale fasalada qaarkood oo saliid ah. Dhexsameeysmo jirka ka khamriga benzene toluene, benzaldehyde, Benzosyrene acid, formaldehyde, daawooyinka, saccharin, trinitrotoluene.

Xylitol waa qase organic wanaagsan. Diyaariyey laga saliid dhuxusha, iyo sidoo kale by muxaadaro jajab ee daamurka dhuxusha. From xylenes dhexsameeysmo anhydride phthalic, xylene, caag Rayon. Mararka qaarkood xylenes waxaa lagu daraa baatrool.