By qanjidhada qanjirada dheecaanka gudaha waa maxay? Shaqooyinka qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ee

shuqulkii oo dhan xubnaha iyo nidaamka isku dubaridan by dhowr arrimood gudaha gaar ah. Thanks to ay hab wanaagsan u-dubaridan, jidhka bini'aadamka si sax ah iyo in waqti ay uga jawaabaan kicitaankan. nidaamka hormoonada jidhka waxaa iska leh mid ka mid ah doorka muhiimka ah ee hawlgaladaa.

The salaysan nidaamka this waa qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ah. Taasi waa in loo saarin in qanjidhada of dheecaan gudaha, waxaa jira iyaga kansarka maskaxda iyo waxa muuqaalada shaqadooda la cayimi karo - hoos ku wada hadleen.

nidaamka hormoonada jidhka iyo qaababka ay

qalab hormoonada jidhka soo bandhigay unugyada ka shaqeeya, kuwaas oo qaarkood ku yaalaan kooban, la xirrira jidhka, iyo kuwo kale - waxaa si xor ah kala firdhiyey gobolka. HAY'ADAHA oo ka tirsan nidaamka, loo yaqaan qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka. peculiarity ee ay anatomy waa in marinnada excretory, taas dhacdaa marka la helo saaray dheecaanka, furan jirka gudihiisa.

Its function sharciyeed ee nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ee u qabto soo saaray isticmaalka muqaadaraadka gaar ah - hormoonnada. kiimikada Kuwanu waa habab functional muhiim lagama maarmaanka u ah hawlaha ku filan ee u shaqeeyo oo dhan.

Shaqooyinka qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ee

Ka dib markii xiriir hormoonnada ee dhiigga, nidaamka durey ama dheecaan lafdhabarka, waxay bilaabaan inay u dhaqmaan sida Xoojiya. Shaqooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ee uu ku salaysan yahay habka soo socda:

• ka qayb-shiid,
• duwidda oo ka mid ah jirka iyo is dhexgalka oo dhan nidaamka ay,
• si ay u ilaaliyaan dheelitirka markii loo feydo ku meersan dibadda;
• sharciyeynta ee geedi socodka koritaanka;
• gacanta ku kaladuwan yihiin galmada;
• ka qayb waxqabadka dareenka iyo maskaxda.

Walxaha firfircooni in dhab ahaan by nidaamka qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka, waa arrimo gaar ah, iyo sidoo kale mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay leedahay shaqo gaar ah. Hormoonnada dhaqmaan ee jirka aadanaha iyadoo xaaladaha physico-kiimiko loo baahdo. Tani waxay dhacdaa ku xiran tahay waxyaalaha aasaaska dastuurka cuntada daama, iyo marxaladaha dhexe shiid.

Hormoonnada u muuqdaan in ay saamayn ku yeelan howlgalka xubnaha fog iyo qanjidhada, in uu yahay, isagoo ka bartilmaameedka iska. Muuqaal kale waa in isbeddelka heerkulka uusan saamayn ku lahayn howlgalka ka mid ah walxaha firfircoon.

The qanjidhada nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ee

Si hormoonada jidhka qanjidhada ka mid ah pituitary ee, parathyroid iyo thyroid, beeryarada, qanjidhada adrenal, ugxan iyo xiniinyaha, qanjirka pineal.

Hunguriga, kiliyaha adrenal iyo gonads loo arkaa in ay ku tiirsan in ay shaqadooda by pituitary ee, hormoonnada pituitary sida toos ah saamayn qalliinka qanjirada.

Inta kale ee qanjirka ma aha tropic, in aan ku xidhnayn pituitary ee.

Halkan waxaa ku qoran oo dhan qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka. miiska ayaa sidoo kale waxay muujinaysaa meesha uu xubnaha iyo hormoonnada in ay soo saaraan.

qanjirka maskaxda

Si hormoonada jidhka qanjidhada ka mid ah pituitary iyo qanjirka pineal. Ina keena aynu fikiraan waxyaalihii ay mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah.

qanjirka pituitary The waxa uu ku yaalaa ee koore Turkish maskaxda la ilaaliyo by lafaha qalfoofka koore hore. qanjirka waxaa loo arkaa bilowga oo dhan geeddi socodka dheefshiidka dhaca jidhka. Waxay ka kooban tahay laba qaybood, mid kasta oo soo saarta ah walaxda firfircoon gaar ah:

• Front - pituitary jilibka;
• dib - neurohypophysis.

Labada saamiyada waa goboleedka midba midka kale, maxaa yeelay, waxay leeyihiin a innervation oo kala duwan, wareega iyo xidhiidhka qaybaha kale ee maskaxda.

Mid ka mid ah qayb ka mid ah qanjirka pituitary ee si joogto ah waxay soo saartaa hormoonka antidiuretic, ama Horomonka. function mid ah waxyaabaha ay tahay mid aad muhiim u ah qofka, sababtoo ah waxa ay gacanta ku dheelitirka biyaha iyo shaqada oo ka mid ah tubules kelyaha. Marka hormoonka antidiuretic galo dhiigga, kelyaha bilaabaan inay biyo hayn ee jirka ku jira, halka ay yaraaneyso ay tirada - in la siiyo ay bii'adda dibedda.

Oxytocin - ka "dumar" hormone, laakiin sidoo kale la joogo ragga. Shuqulkiisa lagu muujiyey in awoodda ee ilmo-galeenka qandaraas muruqyada firfircoon, in uu yahay, walax mas'uulka ka ah shaqada ku filan. hormone waxa ay sidoo kale ku lug leh geeddi-socodka ay ka saareen dhalmada mandheerta iyo nuujinta, ka dib markii dhalmada.

pituitary jilibka wuxuu mas'uul ka yahay isku xirka howsha qaar ka mid ah qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ah. Maxay yihiin qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka waxaa nidaaminaya by xuubka jilibka nidaamka pituitary iyo wixii qalab waa tan dhacdo?

1. Hunguriga - shaqada waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay hormoonka thyroid-madadaalo u ah.
2. qanjidhada adrenal - heerarka sharciyeeynta hormone adrenocorticotropic ee dhiigga.
3. Gonads - saamaynta shaqada ee FSH iyo LH.
4. Prolactin - hormone ee pituitary ee jilibka, taas oo saameyn ku shaqada oo ka mid ah qanjidhada caanaha lagu jiro nuujinta. hormone Growth - walax taas oo hadafkeedu yahay isku xirka koritaanka iyo horumarka ee jidhka ah, iyo sidoo kale ka qayb biosynthesis protein.
5. Hormoonnada ah qanjirka pineal (qanjirka pineal) waa lug sharciyeynta Edmilson ayaa maalin kasta aadanaha, kicin nidaamka difaaca jirka, u dhimaan heerka buufiska iyo cadaadiska dhiigga, yareeyo heerarka sonkorta dhiigga.

Hunguriga iyo parathyroid qanjidhada

Si hormoonada jidhka qanjidhada ka mid ah thyroid iyo parathyroid. Waxay ku yaalaan hal meel ah - heerka carjawda sare ee dhuunta.

hormoonnada thyroid waxaa loo arkaa walxaha firfircoon yodovmestitelnymi - triiodothyronine, tyroksiini. Waxay ku lug leedahay-shiid ah, ayaa nidaaminaya heerka glucose qaadashada by unugyada iyo baruurta dumin. Calcitonin hoos u heer calcium ee dhiigga.

Shaqada ugu weyn ee hormone parathyroid iyo waxay ku salaysan tahay hagaajinta waxqabadka nidaamka neural iyo muruqyada, oo waxaa lagu gaarayaa by sii kordhaya heerka calcium ee jirka iyo qaadashada by unugyada.

sifooyinka Functional ganaca

amar Tani waxay khusaysaa ma aha oo kaliya in nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ah, laakiin sidoo kale in ay dheefshiidka ka. function hormoon ah waxaa la sameeyaa by loogu yeero Islets of Langerhans, kaasoo ku yaala dabada qanjirka. jasiiradaha Kuwani ka kooban yihiin noocyada unugyada kala duwan, kuwaas oo ku kala duwan yihiin qaab-dhismeedka iyo hormoonnada in ay soo saaraan:

• unugyada Alfa: saaro glucagons hormoonka (dejisa-shiid carbohydrate);
• unugyada Beta: saaro insulin (yaraynaysaa qadarka sonkorta ee dhiiga);
• unugyada Delta: dheecaan of somatostatin;
• unugyada epsilon: saaraan a "gaajaysan" ghrelin hormone.

The qanjidhada adrenal iyo hormoonnada ay

Iron waa daaha dibadda ee unugyada (qayb cortical) iyo gudaha (qayb maskaxda). qayb kasta soo saartaa Walxaha firfircooni gaar ah u gaar ah oo ay. Qarni kiliyaha lagu gartaa of glucocorticoids iyo mineralocorticoids. hormoonnada Kuwan waxaa si firfircoon uga qayb qaataan geeddi socodka dheefshiidka.

Adrenaline - walax gudaha hormone in mas'uul ka yahay habka dareemayaasha jirka. Iyada oo kor u kac wayn ee ay lacagta dhiigga u muuqataa tachycardia, hypertension, mydriasis, iyo muruqyada oo adkaynaya. Norepinephrine ku dhexsameeysmo jirka sida lakabka gudaha unugyada adrenal. Its tallaabo loogu talagalay hawshooda u ah parasympathetic shuqullada habdhiska.

gonads

Si qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ah ayaa sidoo kale xiniinyaha iyo ugxan. hormoonnada soo saaray iyaga by ayaa ka mas'uul ah hawlaha caadiga ah ee habka taranka. Waayo, haweenka waa ay ku fulan muddo, uurka iyo foosha. hormoonnada Lab sidoo kale mas'uul ka bixitaanka iyo koriinkedu of sifooyinka galmada yihiin.

Shaqooyinka qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka ee ku salaysan yihiin weeraryahanka iyo beddeli links. Xiniinyaha iyo ugxan-yihiin koox ka mid ah meydadka tropic, maxaa yeelay, shuqulka waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay pituitary ee jilibka.

The qalad ugu caansan ee ku saabsan waxqabadka nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ee

Dad badan ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in si qalad ah birta ee jirka aadanaha oo dhan la odhan karaa waa hormoonada jidhka.

Haddii aad weydiiso su'aasha ku xigta: "si hormoonada jidhka qanjidhada waa qanjidhada caanaha" in la raaco jawaab qeexan - no. qanjirada caanaha ka tirsan tahay koox oo ka mid ah xubnaha excretory, waa marinnada ay excretory u furan yahay ka baxsan, halkii ay jirka gudihiisa. Intaa waxaa dheer, qanjirada caanaha ha soo saaro hormoon oo iyaga u gaar ah.

Jawaabta negative noqon doonaa su'aasha ah: "in qanjidhada of dheecaan gudaha waa qanjidhada jeex?" Laga soo bilaabo barta of view of daawo, qanjidhada lacrimal, iyo sidoo kale caanaha, ma ka tirsan tahay nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ah, maxaa yeelay, waxay leeyihiin fursad u lahayn in ay horumariyaan walxaha hormone-firfircoon.