Barashada pendulum ah - sida loo helo muddada oscillation a pendulum fudud

kala duwan ee geedi socodka oscillatory in na hareerayn, sidaa darteeda dad badan la yaab leh - iyo ay jiraan wax uusan is beddelid? Waa dhib in, tan iyo xataa wax arrin aan dhaqaaqayn, oo waxaad ku tidhaahdaa dhagax, taas oo kumanaan sano ayaa weli, weli oscillates geeddi - xilliyo adag lagu jiro maalinta, sii kordhaya, iyo habeenkii qaboobeyso iyo ihin. Oo tusaale ahaan ugu dhow - geedaha iyo laamaha - bilowda ka daalin oo dhan nolosha. Laakiin ka dibna - dhagax, qori. Oo haddii aad kaliya dabaylaha safafka cadaadis ka 100 dhismaha sheekada? Waxaa la og yahay, tusaale ahaan, in top munaaraddii Ostankinskaya waxaa dib u soo dhacday at 5-12 mitir, iyo sidoo kale ka badan ma pendulum 500 m sare. Oo meesha ugu fog kordhay size dhismaha la mid ah ka kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka? Halkan waxaa suurtagal ah in kala soocid iyo gariirka ka mid ah mashiinada iyo munaarado habab. Just qabaa, diyaaradda, taas oo aad si joogto ah u soo duuli kala duwan. Ha beddelin maskaxdaada si aad u duuli? Ma aha lagama maarmaan, maxaa yeelay, isbedbedelka ah - waa nuxurka dunida nagu wareegsan, aynu kama saari karaan iyaga ka mid ah - ay kaliya loo qaadan karaa tixgeliyaan iyo codsan ah "u fiican".

Sida caadiga ah, waxbarasho oo ka mid ah goobaha ugu adag ee aqoonta (oo ay kaliya ma dhici) bilaabmaa hordhac ah si ay model fudud. Oo halkaas waa ka fudud yahay oo la fahmi karo in model fahamka habka oscillatory ah, ka badan pendulum ah. Waxaa halkan waa, daraasadda of physics, aan marka hore waxan maqal weedha dahsoon - ". Muddada of oscillation of pendulum fudud" Pendulum - waa dun iyo load. Waa maxay tan oo kale ah pendulum gaar ah - Xisaabta? A aad u fudud, pendulum this la filayaa in dunta uusan haysan miisaanka non-extensible, iyo dhibic wax gariira sarkhaansan of cuf. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in inta badan, ka fiirsaneysa inay geedi socodka, tusaale ahaan, vibrations ma noqon kartaa xisaabtaada gebi ahaanba ka buuxa sifooyinka jirka sida miisaan, barti, iwm Dhammaan ka qayb galayaasha in tijaabo ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, ay saameyn ku leeyihiin qaar ka mid ah in geeddi-socodka waa mid laga samri. Tusaale ahaan, ahmiyadda koowaad waxaa la fahamsan yahay in miisaanka pendulum iyo waxa barti xaaladaha qaarkood ma laha saamayn dareemi on muddada oscillation of pendulum xisaabta waa negligibly yar, sidaa darteed saamayn waxaa laga saaray tixgelin.

Determination of muddada oscillation of pendulum ah, haddii aan fudud oo kali ah oo loo yaqaan waa tan: muddada - waqtiga lagu jiro taas oo qaadataa meel ka mid dhamaystiran oscillation. Aynu calaamadee mid ka mid ah dhibcood xad-dhaaf ah dhaqdhaqaaqa ee xamuulka. Haddaba mar kasta oo hal dhibic ka xiran yahay, samaynta tirinta tirada oscillations dhamaystiran oo la soco waqtiga, waxaad tidhaahdaan, 100 gariirka. Go'aanso waqtiga dalka ay ka mid muddo waa SNAP ah. Waxaanu sameynaa tijaabiyaan this for oscillating in mid ka mid ah diyaarada ee pendulum ee arrimaha soo socda:

- Ilodanimada inayan hore ka duwan;

- miisaanka load kala duwan.

Waxaan heli doonaa natiijada cajiib ah at jaleecada hore, in kiisaska oo dhan, muddada oscillation a pendulum fudud isma badelin. In si kale loo dhigo, ka Ilodanimada inayan iyo mass hore ee barta wax on muddada muddada ma saamayn. Waayo, dood dheeraad ah waa ka biyodiiday mid keliya - maxaa yeelay, load height markii baabuur-wadidda isbedel, ka dibna xoog ku soo celinta weheliyaan variable Jidka, taas oo ka xanibayo xisaabinta. Wax yar ka khiyaameeyaan - pendulum loosoo sidoo kale jihada transverse - wuxuu bilaabaa in lagu qeexo dusha toobinta, muddada T ee wareeg isku mid, xawaaraha of dhaqdhaqaaq ay weheliyaan goobada V - joogta goobada, oo ay la socdaan oo dhaqdhaqaaqa xamuulka S = 2πr ah, ciidan celinta si toos ah ay weheliyaan gacan ka.

Haddaba, waxaan xisaabiyo muddada oscillation of pendulum fudud:

T = S / V = 2πr / v

Haddii dhererka l ee thread size xamuul si weyn u badan (ugu yaraan 15-20 jeer), iyo xagal thread of rabitaan uu yahay mid yar (Ilodanimada yar), waxaan u qaadan karnaa in P ciidamada celinta waa loo siman yahay si F ciidamada centripetal:
P = F = m * V * V / r

Dhinaca kale, markii ciidamada celinta iyo xilligan ee tiiro of load waa loo siman yahay, ka dibna

l * P = r * (m * g), taas oo ka dhigan tixgelinayo in P = F, isla'egta soo socda: r * m * g / l = m * v * v / r

Ma aha adag tahay in la helo xawaare ee pendulum ah: v = r * √g / l.

Oo bal haatan soo xusuusta hadal ugu horeysay muddo ah oo ku badallano qiimaha xawaare ah:

T = 2πr / r * √g / l

Ka dib markii muddo formula Isbadal Ciyaalle oscillation pendulum xisaabeed ee foomka final waa sida soo socota:

T = 2 π √ l / g

Haddaba natiijada hore experimentally helay madaxbanaanida mudada oscillation ah oo miisaankiisu mid ah load iyo Ilodanimada inayan ayaa la xaqiijiyay in foomka gorfaynta iyo uma muuqato in ay sidaas "la yaab leh", sida ay iyagu yidhaahdaan, sida looga baahan yahay.

iyo waxyaabo kale, daaweynta hadal dambe muddo reer oscillation of pendulum xisaabta ka mid ah, waxaad ka arki kartaa fursad aad u fiican si loo cabbiro xawaaraha ee cuf. Waxaa ku filan in ay soo shirin pendulum tixraac mar kasta oo dhulka iyo si loo qiyaaso muddada oscillations ay. Oo sidaas daraaddeed, arrin lama filaan ah, pendulum fudud oo toos ah uu ina siiyey fursad aad u fiican inaad wax ka barato qaybinta cufnaanta ee dhulka udubyadiisa, ilaa raadin kayd macdanta dhulka. Laakiin taasi waa sheeko kale.