Aluminum iyo Alloys ay: oo dhan bir this

Si aad u taariikhda, codsiga wax ku ool ah ka helay ku dhowaad dhammaan Biraha aadanaha yaqaan iyo Alloys ay. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay leedahay astaamo u gaar ah oo u gaar ah, kaas oo lagu ogaado baaxadda ay isticmaalka in warshado kala duwan. Noocyada ugu ballaaran loo isticmaalo bir ah oo xarunta ku salaysan waxa on, iyo sidoo kale aluminium iyo Alloys ay. Tan waxaa lagu macnayn karaa, ugu horreeya oo dhan, kaydka dabiiciga ah oo waaweyn, iyo sidoo kale kiimikada aad u fiican, jir ahaan iyo sifooyinka farsamo.

A yar oo taariikh

Sida laga soo xigtay halyeeygii hore ee qadiimiga ah, ayaa ku tilmaamay in uu khuseeya "History Dabiiciga ah" by Pliny Gayos oo Elder, ka kooban oo ku saabsan 77 AD, mar in ay ka Emperor of Rome Tiberiyas soo dhawaaday sayidkiisa aqoon iyo isaga dhigay hadiyad ka mid ah baaquli oo lacag ah iyo biraha aad u fudud. Marka Tiberiyas weydiiyay waxa uu ka sameeyey, waxa uu ku jawaabay in uu dheryasameeyuhu dhoobada. Yaabeen, ashtakooday boqorka amar ku bixiyay in la dilo oo aan waxba galabsan iyo baabbi'in farsamada ee uu aqoon-isweydaarsiga inay been abuurtay ma keeni qiimo ah macdanaha khasnadda Roman. Waa wax laga xumaado ah in waqti in uu ma uu karin inuu qiimeeyo rajada ee furitaanka oo dhan, maxaa yeelay, aluminium iyo Alloys ay mustaqbalka sameeyey horumar degdeg ah darana dhabta ah.

Maxaad aluminium iyo Alloys waa sidaas oo caan ah?

content The aluminium in qolof ah waa qiyaastii 8.8%, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay u horseeddaa liiska ka mid ah macdanaha ugu badan. Ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ka mid ah mugga hooseeya (2.7 g / cm3), iska caabin ah daxalka u fiican, processability, conductivity korontada iyo kaamerada wanaagsan, sifooyinka xoog xad sare. Aluminum iyo Alloys ay hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in duulimaadyada, Dhismaha maraakiibta, gaadiidka tareennada, baabuurta, dhismaha, kiimikada iyo batroolka warshadaha , iwm Alloys Aluminum lagu gartaa ductility, malleability, habka xawaaraha sare. Waxaas oo dhan waxay bixisaa fursad fiican si ay u isticmaalaan in ku dhowaad nooc kasta oo wax soo saarka.

Alloys aasaasiga ah aluminium ku salaysan

Isku aluminium leh daro alloying, gaari karo xoog weyn oo loo hagaajiyo guryaha kale ee biraha. Sida lagu daro inta badan loo isticmaalaa Silicon, copper, manganese, zinc iyo magnesium. Ka fiirso Alloys aasaasiga ah.

Duralumin (duralumin, ama duralumin kaliya)

Magaca xarunta this waxaa laga ereyga Düren - in uu ahaa magaca magaalada a Jarmal, taas oo sannadkii 1911. Waxaan bilaabay saara daawaha on scale warshadaha. Diyaariyey ay intaa dheer in copper, aluminium (2.2 - 5.2%), magnesium (0.2 - 2.7%) iyo manganese (0.2 - 0.1%). Ka dib markii daaweyn kulaylka, biraha uu noqdo mid aad u xoog badan (xoog ma guurto gaadho 450-500 MPA). Si kor loogu qaado iska caabin ah daxalka, inta badan waa aluminium qiireysan. Loo isticmaalaa sida qalab dhisme ah ee gaadiidka iyo injineernimada aeronautical.

magnaly

Kuwani waa Alloys aluminium kala duwan la magnesium iyo xubno kale (mg content - 1-13%). Waxay waxaa lagu gartaa ductility sare, weldability wanaagsan iyo iska caabin ah daxalka. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda ee u qaabeysan castings, silig, sheet, rivets iwm

silumin

Xarunta Tani waxaa loo diyaariyey isku aluminium la Silicon (content Silicon - 4-13%). Mararka qaarkood waxaa lagu daraa, oo lagu daro kale: U, Ti, amayno, mg, Mn, CU. daawaha waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo soo saaro qaybo ka mid ah dhismayaasha adag, inta badan ee aerospace iyo injineernimada baabuurta.

Aluminum iyo Alloys ay muddo dheer u adeegi doonaa faa'iido u ah Dadka. Caddeynta of this been abuurtay cusub - xumbaynaysa aluminium, ama sida waxa loo yaqaan, "xumbo biraha". Aqoonyahano badan ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in aluminium furan leeyihiin rajada fiican.