Xoraynta ee Odessa ee 1944. April 10 - maalinta xoreynta Odessa

shaqo ee Odessa socday 907 maalmood. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, dilka tobanaan kun oo qof oo rayid ah iyo askari. Badan ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka cararaan ma aha oo kaliya ka soo duulay, laakiin sidoo kale ka mid ah kuwa soo qaaday dhinaca cadowga, oo waxay u noqotay in ku lug dambiyada mass ka dhanka ah muwaadiniinta caadiga ah.

xoraynta ee Odessa ogol yahay in ay dhamaadka ah u falalka qabsaday. Waxaa ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro March-April 1944 oo la odhan jiray hawlgal Odessa in qayb ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa ah weerar ciidamada Soviet ahaa.

Odessa hawlgalka

Fuliyaan hawlgallo military hore Yukreeniyaan 3rd, oo ay taageerayaan ciidamada dheeraadka ah. Wuxuu by RJ amray Malinowski. Ujeedada howlgalkan ayaa waxay ahayd in laga adkaado ciidamada cadowga group xeebta in diiradda u dhexeeya bahal ee Koonfurta iyo Dniester ah. Oo daayo xeebta Badda Madow oo magaalada ka mid ah Odessa. Sameeyay ee Dnieper-Carpathian weerar 12/24/1943 on 17/04/1994. maalinta xoreynta Odessa galay muddadaas of weerar Soviet.

Xaaladda qaliinka ka hor

Odessa heystey in October 1941, ciidamada German-Romania. By January 1944, Army Red waxay bilaabeen in ay hawlgalka oo xidhiidh la leh oo amarka Jarmal go'aansaday in la baabi'iyo maamulka Odessa Romania oo magaalada gal ciidamada uu galay. Tani waxay keentay in xadhiga baahsan iyo dil. On ulo iyo geedo sudhay meydadka dad dhowr maalmood.

xoraynta Odessa ee waxaa loo sameeyey mahad suurto gal ah in xaqiiqada ah in Army Red ahaa inay u yimaadaan xeebaha bahal ee Koonfurta oo ay qabsadaan isgoyska Jarmal awoodaan. Waayo, Wehrmacht qaban dekedda Odessa ee ahaa muhiimadda istiraatiiji weyn, sababtoo ah waxa ay caawimaad si ay Crimean haysto xiriiraan.

maalinta xoreynta Odessa waxaa dhigo iyada oo la abuuro of a difaaca Jarmal xoog leh. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxay isticmaali hore difaaca oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet, kuwaas oo in 1941 ay awoodaan in ay qabtaan magaalada muddo bilo ah laba iyo badh laga soo galo cadow uu.

Ciidamada dhinac

xoraynta Odessa ee aad u muhiim u ah Midowga Soofiyeeti ahaa, sida ay diidaan lahaa Jarmalka waxaa macquul ah in markab ay awood iyada oo dekedda. Hawlgalka ayaa ku saabsan 470 kun oo askari oo ay ku lug lahaayeen. In ay iyagu hantida u ahaa in ka badan 400 oo taangiyo iyo hub is-baasuukayaal, 12,000 oo qoryaha iyo madaafiic, in ka badan 400 oo diyaaradaha. Inta badan dadka iyo hubka iska Front Yukreeniyaan 3aad.

xoraynta Odessa ee aan laga hortagi karo ciidamada Jarmal iyo Romania, kuwaas oo dadaal kasta oo looga hortegi karo. Tirada guud ee ciidamada ahaa oo ku saabsan 350 kun oo askari. Waxay ka mid ahaayeen kooxihii Jarmal iyo Rumanian. Maxaa yeelay, waxay hantiyeen taangiyada tahay 160 iyo qalab, in ka badan saddex kun oo madaafiic iyo rasaasta. Aviation ka koobnayd 400 diyaaradood oo Jarmal iyo 150 diyaaradaha Romania.

Waayo, ciidamada the line ugu weyn ee difaaca bilaabay inuu wabiga (bahal ugu weyn koonfurta iyo Dniester, Tiligul yar iyo kuwo kale). Xarunta waa difaac xoog leh oo Odessa laftiisa, kuwaas oo hoy u ah "Fuhrer ee Fortress."

Iska hor imaad ka mid ah Ciidamada Red ka Wehrmacht waxaa lagu howlan yahay sida soo socota:

• in Odessa, Nikolaev, Berezovka kaalinta taangiyada iyo madaafiicda,
• wabiyada, talgaley, lagoons lugta ku yaal;
• on xeebaha galbeed ee bahal ee Koonfurta iyo hareeraha keeye Odessa iyo caqabadaha la abuuray.

dhacdooyinka waawayn

xoraynta ee Odessa ee 1944 bilaabay maroojintii webiga bahal Southern. Ciidamada of Front Yukreeniyaan 3aad, lahaa in ay waajahaan ciidammadii ah Wehrmacht iyo Romania. toddobaadkii ugu horreeyay ee bishii Maarso lagu guda jiro ciidamada Soviet ahaayeen inay u yimaadaan si ay bangiyada webiga awoodaan. By 18 March bilaabeen isgoyska of cayayaan ee Koonfurta, taas oo ka dhacay si cadaalad ah si deg deg ah oo ku dhamaaday 28-kii. By jeedo this dhacdooyinka Jarmalka ay yihiin kuwo aan diyaar u ah, iyo ciidamada Yukreeniyaan bilaabay jirin ka hor ka yar degdeg ah koofurba.

Ka dib markii uu u dhaqaaqo dhinaca kale ee webiga, ciidamada Soviet isla maalintaas sii daayay Nikolaev. Tani waxay keentay in xaqiiqda ah in ciidanka Jarmal ayaa lagu qasbay in ay bilaabaan dib u gurasho, iyo xoraynta Odessa ka soo duulay faashistihii noqday dhibaato xaqiiq ah.

By hore April, cadowga ahaa hareereeyeen, suurto by haddii loo maleeyo in ay gacanta ku saldhigga USSR ee Separate iyo Ochakov.

By April 9, askari Soviet muuqday waqooyiga degmooyinka Odessa. Habeenka 9 ilaa 10 April ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay weerar habeenkii iyada oo ay iskaashanayaan Awliyadiisa maxaliga ah, oo subaxdiina waxaa magaalada ahayd la xoreeyay. weerar Next tegey xagga galbeed, dhinaca of Dniester ah.

Yukreeniyaan Front u mari karin on bangiga ka hadhay River Dniester iyo xoreeyaan Transnistria, Moldova. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan Jarmalka ku waayay qiyaastii 37,000 oo askari, kuwaasoo qaarkood lagu dilay dagaalada ka, iyo qaar ka mid ah qabsadeen.

Marxaladaha xoreynta gobolka Odessa

xoraynta ee Odessa ee 1944 waxaa lagu kuma koobna in ay magaalada. Laga soo duulay Romanian-German tiraa meesha oo dhan.

Marxaladaha waayo xoraynta degaanka:

1. On March 5 ilaa 22 lagu qabtay weerar uman-botoşani, taas oo keentay ayaa ka dhiidhiyaan dalalkan waqooyiga Odessa.
2. Laga soo bilaabo March 6 ilaa 18 marka la gaaro dhamaadka Bereznegovatoe Snigirevskaya-socod ayaa loo gudbay bahal ee Koonfurta. Odessa bilaabay howlgalka, kaas oo ka dhacay ka 28 March 10 April. Next August yimid hakin taatikada in weerar.
3. Laga soo bilaabo 20 ilaa 29 August ee hawlgalka Iasi-Kishinev qabsaday gobolka Izmail, taas oo ah qayb ka mid ah maanta Odessa ah.

xoraynta ee magaalada

Waxaa hore u la og yahay in on April 10 - maalinta xoreynta Odessa. Si loo sameeyo tan ay suuragal tahay, dadaal weyn ayaa loo dhigay. Oo cadowgii wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay u dhisaan difaaca xoog leh, iyadoo la isticmaalayo dhul dabiici ah oo adag, khataraha biyaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, waqtigaan la joogo waxay ahayd cimilada waxshinimada ah, taas oo caqabad ku helaan magaalada on wadada.

Wuxuu bilaabay habab inay magaalada ka 4 April. Ciidamada Soviet gudbay Marxaladaha oo dhan khataraha biyaha, taas oo ka koobnayd Tiligul, Adzhalskogo, estuaries Big Adzhalskogo. By April 9 qaybood oo duleedka waqooyi ee magaalada yimid, oo weerarka bilaabay in Odessa, kaas oo la isku qabtay dalka, baddeeda, iyo hawadeeda.

Markii askartii galay qayb ka mid ah Odessa, bilowday dagaalo kulul guri kasta, oo habeenkii oo dhan socday. By subaxdii of April 10, dagaalku gaaray jidadka magaalada dhexe. Tara badan guriga opera ee banner of Cas Army waxa uu noqday calaamad u ah waxa magaalada la xoreeyay. At qiimaha hawlgalka this, waxaa jiray kun oo askari oo dhintay iyo dad rayid ah oo aan awoodin in ay arkaan guusha kama dambaysta badan fashiistanimo.

meelo xusuus in Odessa

xoraynta Odessa ee (April 10, 1944) waxaa ka muuqata in buugaag badan, qorkiisa, Filimadan. In magaalada waxaa jira taxadiri badan iyo raadkeeda ka go'an in ay dhacdadan.

indhaha Major iyo goobaha ay:

• RJ Taalladaas Malinowski ee park oo ku saabsan jidka isbeddelid sida ku jirta;
• xusuus "Victory garabyada" on Square on 10 April,
• meel xusuus (Melnitskaya Street, Dhismaha 31), halkaas oo sanadkii la soo Awliyadiisa 04.09.1944 adkaaday column ah ciidamada Jarmalka,
• meel xusuus (wadada ka mid ah isbeddelid, guriga 77), halkaas oo 02/03/1944 ka, soo boodo oo uu ku dhaawacmay VD Avdeev;
• qabriga mass (jid Tiraspol) ee toban askari oo ku dhintay inta lagu guda jiro xoraynta 04.10.1944, magaalada si wadajir ah ula uu kabtanka Gavrikov;
• xabaalo wadareedyo la obelisk ah (Shkodova Mountain) xusuusta oo ka mid ah 56 ka mid ah dhibbanayaasha fashiistaha, kaas oo lagu toogtay ka Socda sano 09.04.1944 ciqaab;
• MM qabriga Bad at park fairground.

jidadka Odessa ee lagu sharfayo liberators ah

April 10 (maalinta xoreynta Odessa) badan xusuus ee Meyeydaan. Si aad u sharfo xusuusta reer liberators ee magaalada, jidadka lagu magacaabo iyaga ka dib.

Magacyada askari, sharaf kuwaas oo jidadka in Odessa magacaabay:

• VD Avdeev-Black (ee gobolka Kiev);
• MI Nedelin (gobolka Kiev);
• VD Tsvetayev (aagga Ilichevsky);
• II Shvygin (aagga badda);
• IA Pliev (aagga Ilichevsky);
• NF Red (gobolka Kiev);
• VI Chuykov (aagga Kiev).