Ugra - webi ee gobolka Kaluga

Ugra - webiga dhex maraya gobollada Kaluga iyo Smolensk of Russia. Waa addoon u ah bidix ee River umuliya ah. Ugra waa xuduud dabiici ah oo ku taalla daafaha magaalada Muqdisho oo ka mid ah hooyo - Moscow. Sidaa darteed, on qararka ay dhacday guulahaas badan ammaanta leh oo hubka magaca Fatherland ah. On webiga qurux this dhow Moscow waxaa ka wada xaajoon doona in this article.

Magaca River Ugra ah

khilaafaadka ka socda marka la eego eray ee magaca webiga. Qaar ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in magaca ma aha mid asal ahaan Slavic iyo Finno-Ugric. In luqadda this, xididka ah "vrai" ( "Southern") micnaheedu waa "webiga". Qaar kale waxay aaminsan yihiin in ereyga "Ugra" taariikhda dib u qadiimiga Ruush Qgr ', taas oo macnaheedu yahay "dixirigoodu". Waxa ay ahayd ka calaamo this dhacay erayga "kalluun" casriga ah. Haddii aan aqbalo la xiqiijiyay in this tixgelin, waxa la malaysan karo in wakhtiyadii hore dadka loo yaqaan "meandering, fuuli jiray" webiga dhinacyadiisa inay helaan nooca go'aysa ay socodka, u xuub-bedelaan jihada.

asalka ah ee River Ugra ah, waxaa magaceeda la xidhiidha qaar ka mid ah dejinta Magyar taagnaa on qararka tan Maqal time. Magyar magac qabiil erayga "Ugric".

description biyaha

Webiga 399 kiiloomitir. Dabaasha aagga pool - qiyaastii 15,700 km ^2. Isha of Ugra waxaa ku yaalla qaybta koonfur-bari ee gobolka Smolensk ah.

Ugra - webiga, kaas oo la shaqeeya by siyaabo dhowr ah: 60% ka mid ah taabashada faniinkaba sanadlaha dhaco biyaha dhalaalay on, 30% waxay ahaayeen dhulka, iyo% of socodka kaliya 5 isugu yimaadaan la precipitates ah. Itobiya heerka webiga waxa lagu gartaa, hir dhawaaqaa muddo sare hoos ku filan-biyaha ku yar xagaaga iyo dayrta, mararka qaar kala gooyey by daadadka ay sabab u tahay roobab culus, oo muddo-biyo yar ku yar iyo mid deggan ee xilliga qaboobaha. Dabayaaqadii bishii March, barafka on webiga ku dhalaashay oo uu bilaabo daad guga, taas oo uu dhammaanayo hore May. Muddadan, heerka biyaha ka soo baxdo si 10-11 mitir, oo leh waqti jiilaalka marka la barbar dhigo. isticmaalka Celceliska biyaha webiga ee sannadka waa 90 m ³ per labaad.

Ugra waxaa lagu daboolayaa baraf ka dabayaaqadii November ilaa bisha Janaayo. Webiga marnaba laga fariisiyo in shallows ah, ay sabab u tahay hadda xoog dhumucda barafka on duwan Ugra ah.

River Valley lagu gartaa tiro badan oo bannaanka daad, width gaaro 1-2 kiiloomitir, iyo in laga geysto - 3,5 km. Ugra width channel waa 70-80 mitir geysto. Heerka celceliska socodka webiga - 0.4-0.6 m / s.

springhead

Ugra - webiga, horraysay ee gobolka Smolensk ah, Degmada Yelninsky, 25 kiiloomitir u jirta magaalada Yelnya, 2 km ka tuulada High. Meeshu waa dhawaaqay taallo dabiiciga ah ee muhiimadda ay leedahay degaanka. xuduudaha dabiiciga ah ee aagga la ilaaliyo waa dhul ka mid ah dhulka hoose, kuwaas oo waxaa ku yaalla. Isha webiga - yar oo dhiiqo ah, kaas oo ku shaqeeya by taabashada faniinkaba biyaha oogada. dooxada Ugra markan waxaa ku dhowaad ma ka muujiyay, waa ku dhawaad gebi baxda la undergrowth iyo ku xoortay geedihii yar. Geedaha waxaa heysatay by bjørk, Aspen waa ku yar yahay. Age of space cagaaran gaaro 35-40 sano. Kaliya u dhow tuulada of River High helo foomka caadiga ah la channel ah oo kala duwan sida caadiga ah iyo in ka badan.

addoommo

In gobolka Kaluga webiga ka kala socdo 160 kiiloomitir. In Ugra badan faaruqdo galay durdurradiisa iyo wabiyaal. addoommo ugu wayn waxaa weeye digada, laga badiyay iimaanka, Shan, Techa, Ress, hadlaya, Rosvyanka, Veprik, Verezhka, Sokhna Coon Remezh, Uzhayka, Debra, Dymenka, Gordota, Oskovka, Makivka, Baskakovka, Sobzha, wareega, Voronovka, Sigosa , kaniisadda, Leonidovka iyo kuwo kale oo badan. Total webiga Kaluga Ugra ayaa 44 araaciyey. Waxay ka kooban tahay sariir of quruurux iyo ciid wanaagsan. Ugra waddaa galay Oka fogaan ah toban kiiloomitir ka madax magaalada Kaluga.

xaqiiqooyinka taariikheed

Ugra - webiga in inta badan u dhaqmeen sida xadka dabiiciga ah ee u dhexeeya qaababka siyaasadeed ee kala duwan iyo etnoplemennymi. Laga bilaabo 1147, in diiwaanka ku jira tixraacyo isku dhacyo siyaasadeed waxa on. Waxaa noqday si weyn loo yaqaan ee loo yaqaan "on webiga Ugra taagan." Sidaas taariikhda Ruush yeedhay iska hor imaad ka dhacay inta u dhaxaysa grand amiirka madaxda u ah Moscow Ivan Saddexaad oo Khan Big Horde Akhmat ee 1480. Tani waxay la joogo ee taariikhda Russia waxaa loo arkaa inay dhamaadka harqood Mongol-Tatar noqon. qiimaha daafaca Ugra ku nuuxnuuxsaday, naaneesta, taas oo la siiyay dadka iyada - "Belt ee Virgin ah."

On the bangiyada webiga Ugra kala duwanaayeen guulahaas ammaanta leh oo hubka, dad badan oo Russia. Halkan, ee 1812, wuxuu qabtay difaaca ee caanka ah Denis Davydov. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, inta lagu guda jiro bilawga ciidamada Nazi ee Moscow, Ugra noqday ooday dabiiciga ah ee u dhexeeya daafacyada ka mid ah dalkiisa iyo soo duulay ee. On webiga, uu dhammaado feat ugu AG Rogov, Taliyaha koox dad ah ay. Waxa uu ugu gudbo faashistihii of Ugra u diray diyaarad gubanaya oo way baabbi'iyeen.

Kalluumaysiga on webiga

In Ugra, waxaad qaadi kartaa kalluunka kala duwan: Pike, burbot, baran-, bream, bream lacag ah, sturgeon, catfish iyo kaluun. On Reach ee AFT, oo ku yaalla hoos rogid, sed ku nool ama soo jiito si fiican yahay Pike qabtay. Inta kale ee dubato kalluunka webiga ka door bidaan dixiri. Spring waa ka fiican in la qabsado Kuub on cayayaanka June a. In xagaaga dambe, qaniinyada wanaagsan on Kuub koronkorrada. kaluumaysato khibrad dhawraan qabsado Kukan iyo qafis, sida muskrat ama otter dhuumaaleysi kartaa ilaa aamusnaan, iyo in arrogate laftiisa in boolidii qaali ah.

park qaranka

Mid ka mid ah ugu nadiifsan ee gobollada dhexe ee Russia waxaa loo arkaa inay webiga Ugra ah. gobolka Kaluga caan ku tahay Abuurkiisa weyn. In 1997, aagga u muuqday "Ugra" National Park, kaas oo ah dhul dabiici ah oo si gaar ah la ilaaliyo. Waxaa ku koraa kala duwan oo ka mid ah dhirta vascular (1026 noocyada), qaar ka mid ah kuwaas oo laga keeno North America, halka qaar kalena ay yihiin flora maxaliga ah. park qaranka u korayo 140 noocyada dhif gobolka Kaluga, dacas marwada ee, palchatokollennik Baltic, cawska baal, cucullata neottianta, longifolia Cephalanthera iyo kuwa kale. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah dhirta, kuwaas oo ku jira Buugga Cas ee Ruushka.

The dubato ee park qaranka ay matalayaan 300 noocyada. Waxay hoy u tahay deerada, boars duurjoogta ah, dabagaalaha, elg iyo marten. Haaddana waxaa intaba grouse, grouse, rjooga, xamaam oo qoryo iyo woodcocks. On the bangiyada webiga waxaad ka heli kartaa beavers iyo afaer. Guud ahaan, park waxaa ku qoran: nuujiya - 57 nooc oo shimbiraha - 210 kalluun - 36, lafdhabarka - 10 xamaarato - 6 cyclostomes - 1.

Park Qaranka "Ugra" kordhiyay guud ahaan gobolka Kaluga fogaan ah 200 kilomitir. 90% ka mid ah kala duwanaanshaha noocyada gobolka ka mid ah kaydka ah.