Sturmovik "Rook" Su-25: description, caddaymaha, sawiro

Dhacdooyinka ee Suuriya iyo ka qaybgalka kooxda hawada Ruush soo dhowaadeen inay la park ee farsamada ee Air Force aannu ogaanno. Waxa ay noqon doontaa macquul in loo qaato in ka qayb qaadan doontaa diyaarad ugu casri ah, sida ay u tiro yar si ay howlgalka waddan shisheeye. Ka mid ah diyaaradaha kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan dambayn, ogaanno waxaa lagu sawiray ku-Su 25 'Grach' laftiisa muujiyey tan iyo intii lagu jiray dagaalka Afqaanistaan. Waa maxay? Mashiinka Tan waxaa loo yaqaan for tayada dagaalka ay ku saabsan halyeeyada iyada.

ah ee fikradda

Baahida loo qabo sida mashiinka a military Soviet dareemay in qeybtii labaad ee 60 ka. Tusaalayaasha ugu caansan ee qalabka duulimaadka ee Air Force USSR wakhtigaas jiray fiican dagaalka diyaaradaha MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-19, Su-7b iyo Yak-28. Qaar ka mid ah inta lagu guda jiro jimicsi ku qaadeen weerar weerar lagu qaaday booska cadowga metelay, laakiin xitaa markaas khubaro ahaayeen cad in dagaal dhab ah, cawaaqibka weerarada cirka sida laga yaabaa in aanay sidii cajiib ah. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in dhammaan wanaagga ay, farsamadaa waxa loo abuuray inay hawlo kale. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ahaayeen qabatooyin, retrofit wadhaf dibadda fasalka hub dheeraad ah "air-dal". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray stormtroopers (tusaale ahaan, isla Su-7b), laakiin horumarinta deg deg ah ee difaaca hawada heerka safka hore ee xeradii cadaawayaashooda ka iman kara ma loo Waxyoodo ahayn rajo badan. Waxa ay ahayd dagaalkii Vietnam, kaas oo siiyey fursad gaar ah si ay u bartaan waayo-aragnimo oo ka mid ah duuliyayaasha American (inta badan murugo) iyo aqoonsado image guud ee hawlaha taageerada dhulka diyaaradaha aragtida.

Determination of shuruudaha faahfaahinta

In 1969, dhawr xafiisyada design duulista, oo ay ku jiraan ugu caansan (Mikoyan, Yakovlev, Ilyushin, Sukhoi) ah, ayaa lagu casuumay inay ka qaybgalaan tartanka mashruuca ugu wanaagsan ee diyaaradaha taageerada xeeladeed. Xafiisyada oo dhan, kuwaas oo lahaa ay style u gaar ah, iyo waayo-aragnimada dugsiga, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa helay intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. In soddon jirka soo daahay uu ka Ilyushin SV ayaa abuuray diyaarad weerarka fiican IL-2 kale ma jiro, siday baxay this hawlgal dagaal gaar ah. Haddaba waxaa hindisi lahaa wax sidan oo kale, laakiin waqti cusub ee jet. Diyaaradan ayaa, sida laga soo xigtay ciidanka, waa in ay leeyihiin tayada soo socda:

• awoodda si wax ku ool ka qayb ciidamada dhulka ka badan masraxa dagaalka dalka;
• si ay u qabtaan hawlgallada dagaal saacad iyo hoos aragti kasta, xataa eber,
• Weatherproof;
• survivability sare muujiyey by counteraction firfircoon ee toogashada cadowga;
• awood halis ah oo noocyo kala duwan oo hub Arsenal, oo ay ka mid-sax sare;
• Diyaarad noqon waa sahlan, undemanding xaaladaha hawlgalka iyo fududahay in la maareeyo.

Tartankan waxa lagu guuleystay Sukhoi, u bixiyey sawir diyaarad T-8, kaas oo noqday noocooda ah ee ah diyaarada dagaalka gaashaaman "Grach" Su-25.

Toban sano oo shaqo ah

Ma jirto baahi inay ka hadlaan si faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan sida loo qorsheeyo diyaaradda. Uu iska ugu horeysay wuxuu ku sameeyey 1975 (Test Pilot - Ilyushin), oo soo socda ayaa qorshaha wax soo saarka serial (Tbilisi Diyaaradaha Warshadaha) la soo ururiyey. afar sano oo kale ayaa ka shaqeeya on design ugu dambeeya, iyo in 1979 edition bilaabay. Mashruuca waxaa uu hogaaminayo M. P. Simonov iyo O. Samoylovich. The Su-25 'Grach "muujiyeen qaab ciyaareed cajiib ah si uu si degdeg ah oo ku lug leh dagaalka in ka badan gobollada oo Afgaanistaan ayaa, isagoo sidaas hawlgal baaritaan ku hoos jira xaalad dagaal dhabta ah.

design

On dusha sare, diyaarad this aamusan, waxa ay leedahay dhowr dushana "humpbacked", sababa taangiga shidaalka bulk ku yaal dambeeya qol ah, laakiin aragti ah waa khiyaano. Su-25 'Grach "ayaa lagu dhisay nidaamka monoplane caadiga ah. garabka Vysokoraspolozhennoe, sooctey riveted. Ruxmadaa sidoo kale ma jirto kala duwan si ay asalnimada kasta. Wing dheer, meel total of 30 sq. m, iyadoo howlgal hooseeyo. Ma jiraan wax la yaab leh in ay tani tahay: ku-Su 25 'Grach "- diyaaradaha weerarka subsonic, xawaaraha sare, waxaa lagama rabo. Waxay noqon kartaa stably quusin by madaxa 30 degrees at 700 km / h. marsho degtey bishkleetiga, raaga oo sanka waxaa ku barakacay si ay u ma faragelin qoriga. Haamaha Shiidaalka shan: laba diyaaradood oo ah, mid ka mid ah waxa uu ku yaalaa ee qaybta bartamaha iyo laba ka badan oo gudaha sooctey. Waxay waxaa loogu talagalay saddex tan oo la shito. Qaab ahaan la siiyaa kordhaya laba weel daah dheeraad ah. Guud ahaan, kana dayi wax ugu horeysay "Grach" Su-25 - diyaaradaha caadiga ah, iyada oo aan dhibaato. Miracles muuqan on kormeerka dhow ee qaababka ay.

Hubkiisa waa xoog badan yahay

muuqashadii Fikrad inay qaraabo fog oo ka mid ah-IL 2 waa awood u leh inay shaqeeyaan Joogga hooseeyo hoos dab ka qoryaha lidka diyaaradaha oo ay suurtogal tahay nidaamka gantaalada difaaca hawada. Sidaas diyaarada hor istaagi karay, kuwaas oo arrimo burbur, samaynta lahaa quruxsan adag. SU-25 "Rook" - gaashaaman weerar subsonic - wuxuu ka kooban yahay in ka badan 7% ka mid ah ay mass guud ee habka difaaca dadban. Gaar ahaan waxay khuseysaa duuliyaha. Behind ay daboolida lagu tiiriyo birta, hore - hufan Saddex broneblok 6.5-inch, iyo dhinacyada - a titanium culus-waajib. Wax ku ool ah ilaalinta qaybaha muhiimka ah iyo kiniisadood, nidaamyada labalaabka. A hawl aad u adag, xataa ahaa "darbo" adkaadeen Su-25 'Grach ". diyaarad Soviet weerar subsonic gaashaaman si airfields laabtay daraasiin godad rasaas, iyo mararka qaarkood la engine vyvorochennye on mid ka harsan tahay.

awood

awood dilaaga ah Home of diyaaradaha weerarkan hoos diyaaradaha, ee toban kuus kuus ganaax dibadda. Siddeed iyaga ka mid ah waxaa loogu talagalay semitones mass. Total load dagaal - 4.4 m Wixii la barbardhigo, gaadiid AN-26 qaadataa on board oo ku saabsan 6 tan oo xamuul .. Number of hub ay u isticmaalaan hawada, gaadho tiradaasi oo ah 32, iyo waxa lagu rakibayaa karaa on pylons kala duwan ee isu-gaynta, oo ay ku jiraan gantaalaha hanuuninay oon mortarro loogu talagalay in lagu baabbi'iyo dhulka iyo hawada bartilmaameedyada, bambooyin ah ee dhammaan noocyada taangiyada la napalm (500 kg) iyo qeybiyo qoriga ganaax. Waxa kale oo jira ka dhisay-in qoriga laba foosto Buur heerkiisa 30mm (GSH-30). Waxaa xitaa ay adag tahay in go'aan ku saabsan sida loo si fiican ugu yeedhaan Su-25 'Grach "ama" taangiga duulaya "? Marka la barbardhigo A ma aha in raalli of a "asxaabteena" dalka.

Daryeelidda oo ku saabsan tijaabo ah

Inta lagu jiro duuliye Patriotic Great inta badan stormtroopers dhintay. xaaladaha gaarka ah ee howlgalka dagaalka, height oo hooseeya iyo la'aanta catapults ku dhaco. Kursiga K-36L, taas oo ku qalabeysan yahay "Rook" Su-25, kaasaa badbaadin doona tijaabo ah, xitaa haddii ay u baahan yihiin inay ka baxaan gaariga at eber sare xawaare kun oo kilomitir saacaddii. Waxaa dhici karta xitaa in miyir (tusaale ahaan, la kulma dollar wayn), taasoo shaqada lagu qasbay qardarin iyo meel xasilloon in meel bannaan oo si toos ah u la hagaajin doonaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, nolosha pilot dhawraa hubka hore u soo sheegnay la Heer sare ah ee ammaanka. Waayo, wakhtiga oo dhan ka ah howlgalka, oo ay ku jiraan xaalado dagaal, ay sabab u tahay dhimashada tijaabo ah hawada ayaa laga badiyay mid ka mid ah-Su 25 'Grach ". weerar hubka u adkeysan xataa si toos ah hit a by qolof madaafiic ah.

Oo dagaalka ku jira

"Waxa uu sameeyay ee uu u safto" Diyaarad this, sida ku xusan qodobkan, in cirka kulul of Afghanistan. Haddii bilowga ah ee colaadda Air Force Soofiyeeti dareemay xoogaa ammaan ah, ka dibna by bartamihii tiris-, ciidamada mujaahidiinta ka "saaxiibo American" nidaamka difaaca hawada la qaadi karo, taas oo si weyn u adkeeyay gaadiidka iyo fulinta hawlgallada dagaalka labada helay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, duuliye, pilot-ka Su 25 'Grach' sideed sano oo dagaal ka dhigtay oo ku saabsan 60,000 oo diyaaradaha dagalka, kuwaasoo mid walba uu uu ahaa arrin wax ku ool ah. Sababta heerka sare noqday nidaamka arkidda ASP-17BTS-8, kaas oo bixiya sax ah hit, iyo qaybaha badan hage kale ka dhigay in ay ka mid yihiin iyadoo la isticmaalayo technology laser. Doorka muhiim ah ka ciyaaray iyo dabin kulaylka, jeediya "miciyo" ee diyaaradaha, - ay hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in diyaarad kale Soviet diyaarad ka badan masraxa Afghan hawlgallada. DRA ayaa laga badiyay 23 diyaaradaha "weerar on toogashada hoos of" celcelis 2800 saacadood (wax badan oo a). Diyaaradaha "Grach" Su-25 qaadeen 139 oo bilawday-sax sare gantaalo hanuuniyey on the dhibcood iska caabin ah mujaahidiinta, iyo kaliya labo iyaga ka mid ah soo gaadhay goolka.

Stormtrooper ayaa noqotay "Ronie" ugu weyn inta lagu jiro ololaha ugu horeysay jejniya ee (1994-1996), in muddo this, xagjiriinta toogtay hoos afar cutub. Hibadiisa weyn in wajiga labaad ee isku dhaca, ka dib markii taas ay dalka ugu dambeyntii nabad.

qaab aad u fiican, isku halaynta iyo daacad ah diyaaradda ka qayb qaatay dhalmo uu dibadda. Isagu waa in adeeg la dalal badan, oo ay ku jiraan iska Heshiiska Warsaw ah. Waa wax murugo leh, laakiin advertising ugu fiican ee diyaaradaha a military waa ay ku lug dagaalladii maxaliga ah, kuwaas oo dhamaadka XX iyo bilowgii of qarniyo XXI ku filan. Weerarka ayaa Soviet la diriray oo in Angola (1975-2002), Ciraaq (1980-1988), Tajikistan (1992-1997), Abkhazia (1992-1993), Karabakh (1991-1994), ee Congo, Ethiopia (1998-2000), Macedonia ( 2001), mar kale in Ciraaq (1991) iyo "dhibco kulul" kale. Liiska Sad 2014 Ukraine sii.

Ka hor adeeg dheer

Inta lagu jiro "saaxiibtinimo weyn" Maraykanka waa nooc ka mid ah "sarrifka oo waayo aragnimo ah" oo askari oo ka mid ah labada Kooxahan, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo ay fursad u helay inay is barbar dhigaan noocyo ka mid ah hubka kala duwan. Gaar ahaan, ka duuliye Mareykanka ay awoodaan si ay u qiimeeyaan suurtagalnimada of diyaarad ka mid ah Su-25 'Grach ". Duuliyayaasha khibrad leh kuwaas oo u adeegi jiray sannado badan ee Air Force Maraykanka, keentay in complete farxad ka diyaarada view coroge, taas oo soo baxday in aad u sahlan si ay u maareeyaan. In kasta oo ay da'doodu ka mudan horumarka iyo joojinta dhabta ah ee wax soo saarka, weerar aan la daallan fursadaha ay. Currently, Ciidamada Cirka iyo Navy ee Federation Ruush waa on waajib ku saabsan 240 "Rooks" of beddelka kala duwan. Intaa waxaa dheer, ciidamada qalabka sida ee dalalka kale in degdeg ma inaan isaga diro galay hawlgabka. iyaga ka mid ah ugu badan ee Belarus (qiyaastii boqol) iyo Ukraine (35), laakiin duuliye ay ciidamada ay hoggaamiso a dalalka darsin. Tan iyo 1999, waxaa fuliyay casriyeynta qoto dheer oo park ee farsamada ee Air Force Ruush ah, oo ay ku jiraan-Su 25 'Grach ". diyaarad Ruush weerar subsonic gaashaaman noqon doonaa adeegga ugu yaraan ilaa 2020.