Shucaaca Hawking: qarsoon ee mar dambe ma jirta

Stiven Hoking - cosmologist ugu weyn iyo jirka dadka af of our time. saynisyahan mustaqbalka mar hore ee 20-ka sano ku dhashay 1942, waxay bilaabeen in ay la kulmaan dhibaatooyin caafimaad. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis waxaa si xoog leh waxbarashada carqalad at the Department of Physics teori at Oxford, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma hortago Stephen horseedi aad u firfircoon, waxaa dhacay dhacdooyin nolosha. Waxa uu guursaday 1965, wuxuu noqday xubin ka mid ah Society Royal ee 1974. Waqtigaa uu hore u lahaa gabadh iyo laba wiil. In 1985, saynisyahan ka joojiyay hadalka. Maanta, in dhaqdhaqaaqa jidhkiisa waxaa la hadhay kaliya hal muruqyada wejiga, dhabanka. Waxa ay u muuqatay in si buuxda Immobile iyo qof carrab la xukumay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1995, wuxuu mar kale guursadaa, iyo sanadkii 2007 ... Duulay miisaan jirin.

On Earth, oo ninnaba ma garad dhaqdhaqaaqa, taas oo ku noolaa si buuxda nolosha waxtar leh oo xiiso lahaa waa.

Laakiin sidaas maaha oo dhan. horumarka weyn Hawking ahaa aragtida ah godadkii madow. "Fikradda ah Hawking," sida ay hadda waxaa la odhan jiray, ayaa u haayay sannado badan oo fikrado saynisyahano 'oo ku saabsan godad madow ee caalamka.

Bilowga shaqada on aragtida ah ee waxbarashada, sida badan oo ka mid ah asxaabta uu, uu ku dooday in godadka madow si joogto ah wax kasta oo dhacaa iyaga la soo galo baabbi'in. liddiga Macluumaadkan waxaa ka tagay military iyo saynisyahano adduunka oo dhan. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in mid ka mid ah guryaha walxaha bannaan, marka laga reebo miisaanka, ma aha.

Isagoo ku hawlanaa daraasadda of godadka madow ee 1975, Hawking ogaaday in ay si joogto ah dhaadheer durdur photons meel iyo qaar ka mid ah qayb ka hoose ee kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xataa saynisyahan qudhiisu ahaa qanacsanahay in "Hawking shucaaca" waa nasiib ah, aan la saadaalin karin. saynisyahan British markii hore u maleeyey in shucaaca this aan xambaaran karin macluumaad kasta.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tayada cajiib ah ee maskaxda - awood u leh inay si joogto ah u shakiday. Hawking sii cilmi-baarista iyo ogaaday in uumi of godadka madow (ie, shucaaca Hawking) waa nooca galmada. Tani waxay isaga sahlay in ay ku tirinnaa in macluumaadka u helay in ay godka madow oo aan la burburiyey iyo bedelay. aragtida ah in gobolka ee godka si joogto ah, waa run haddii aan ka fiirsanayn ka barta of view of physics non-galmada.

In view of aragti galmada, vacuum waxaa ka buuxsamay Qurub "dalwaddii" in dhaadheer beeraha jireed kala duwan. xoojinta iftiimeen joogto kala duwan. Marka waxa uu noqonayaa mid aad u xoog badan, si toos ah uga vacuum ah oo kaabiga ku dhacdo (soohdinta) of Outreach ku dhalan karaa lammaane walxaha-antiparticle. Haddii tamarta guud ee hal qayb ah waa ay wanaagsan tahay, iyo tan labaad - xun haddii qayb ka ah waxay ku dhaceen godka madow, waxay bilaabaan in ay u dhaqmaan si ka duwan. antiparticle xun bilaabaa in uu yareeyo tamarta ee inta kale ee Outreach, iyo walxaha wanaagsan waxay noqonaysaa inay xad la'aan.

On qayb ka mid ah geeddi-socodka this eg uumi, ka imaanaya daloolka madow. Waa uumi iyo waxa loo yaqaan "Hawking shucaaca." Seynisyahanno ku ogaaday in this "uumi" macluumaad gurracan leeyahay kulaylka u gaar ah, qalabka la arki karo, spectrum, heerkulka gaar ah.

Hawking shucaaca, sida uu cilmiga, ka marag furaa in xaqiiqda ah in aan dhammaan macluumaadka uu lumo iyo baaba'aa weligaaba god madow. Isagu waa hubiyo in physics galmada daliil u adagtahay halligaadda complete ama luminta macluumaadka. Taas macnaheedu waa in macluumaadka sida, inkastoo qaab a modified, waxaa ku jira shucaac Hawking.

Haddii saynisyahano waa xaq, ee la soo dhaafay iyo mustaqbalka of godadka madow waa la baadhi karaa sidoo kale taariikhda meerayaasha kale.

Nasiib darro, waxa ku gacansaydhay fikradda ah ee suurtogal ah ee u safraya wakhti iyo Samo kale ee isticmaalaya godad madow. Joogitaanka shucaaca Hawking astaan u yahay in wax kasta oo ku dhacay godka, ku soo laabtay our caalamka oo ah qaab macluumaad is beddelay.

dhammaan saynisyahano la wadaagin ee uu aaminsan yahay ka mid ah jirka Ingiriiska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay sidoo kale ka doodid iyaga la xalin. Maanta dunida oo dhan waa la sugaya publications cusub Hawking, taas oo uu ku ballan qaaday in ay si faahfaahsan oo qancisa xaqiijin dhexdhexaadnimada ay dunida sayniska markuu aragtida.

The more culumadu ay awood u heli shucaaca Hawking ee shaybaadhka. Tani waxay dhacday 2010