"Mistral" - a ... "Mistral" - sifooyinka. "Mistral" in Russia ee Navy

In June 2011, inta lagu guda jiro Dhaqaalaha St. Petersburg ee Forum, waxaa jiray wax wadajir u gaar ah in tiro ka mid ah dhacdooyinka kale oo xiiso leh. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay tan iyo dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, wakiillo ka socda Russia saxiixay shirkado shisheeye heshiis qiyaasta keenida qalabka military. Waxaa la ogaaday in ee baahida Navy ka soo iibsatay markab oo waaweyn, sidayaal helicopter "Mistral". Dhacdadani waxa ay ahayd dareen ah, weli ah shirkadaha Dhismaha maraakiibta gudaha mar maamulaa la isu amarada, oo aan gargaar shisheeye, oo wuxuu bartay sida loo sameeyo wax ka kaas oo waqti ka waqti in "saaxiibo" our galbeedka bilaabay inuu walaaq timaha madaxa kuu saaran yihiin, sida quusta gantaal. Halkee jecel yihiin in ay helaan maraakiibta noocan ah?

Maxaad abuuro "Mistral"

Mistral - dabayl Mediterranean, quruxsan qabow, waqti ka waqti dhabasho hawada diiran ku dhacay iyo cimilada khafiif ah koolkoolin xeebaha koonfureed ee France. Waxa aan la leh dusaya qulqulka qoyan qabow Arctic hawada, taas oo mudo dheer ayaa la deggan Murmansk iyo Severodvinsk caadaysteen, laakiin sanka gallic jilicsan uu u muuqdo mid fuushan raaxo marka la barbar dhigo karo. Sida badan sida cimilada, kala duwan cilmiga military ee Faransiiska iyo Ruushka. nooca Helicopter "Mistral" muhiimad ahaan waa markab weyn, shiidaa maran is-habka antisubmarine, antiship iyo difaaca lidka diyaaradaha, ie awood u leh inay u dhaqmaan oo kaliya in koox dad ah ay, ku hareereysan wehel ah.

Dhinaca kale, waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa fashion ee dhawaan fikradda sano ee Dhismaha maraakiibta, sida uu sheegay oo caga waxaa lagu beeray on xeebaha shisheeye sida "fog". Tani waxay dhacdaa sida soo socota: Markab weyn oo soo socda si dawlada colaadeed meel fog ka yara ammaan ah oo shan iyo toban ama labaatan miles, ka dibna wuxuu bilaabaa in uu markab qalab geynayey gaar ah-doon, iyo in se lama filaan ah iyo gaadiidka helicopters oo askar gaar ah u tababaran weerarka duuli, qabtay bridgehead ah oo ku siin lahayn iska caabin ah inta ay socoto oo dhan. Caga khiyaanada xeebta ma aha xitaa arki karo, iyo gaadiidka yar yar si lama filaan ah u iman, haddii aan, dabcan, in qayb ka, gudaha, ma aha in la ogaado jid toosan. Taasi oo ku saabsan seenyo ah, kaas oo loogu talagalay nooca "Mistral". Markab Tani faar badan, waa ku dhow xeebta soo gaadhi kari waayeen. Taageerada oo ka mid ah ciidamada horumarinta, wuxuu, sidoo kale, ma uu karin inuu arrintan loo sameeyo, ayuu aan haysan hub ku filan ama gantaalo.

Features ee doonnida

A sharraxaa diyaarad weyn oo si degdeg ah u muujin qof kasta oo qaadataa eegno "Mistral". Features of this markab weyn waa mid cajiib ah. Waxay leedahay dherer ah 200 mitir iyo barakac ka mid ah 22 kun. T., Si kastaba ha ahaatee, awood u dhaqaaqo iyada oo badda xawaare ah kuus kuus 18 oo keliya. markabka, oo ay ku jiraan duuliye, qiyaastii 170 xubnaha kooxda. Iskusoo wada duuboo, farqiga u dhexeeya markab xambaara dayuuradaha, in uu yahay, ee lagu sharraxaa iyo katabaan-sharraxaa ka yar, waxa ay leedahay qaababka kale. Tusaale ahaan, qol ah gaadiidka afartan taangiyada casriga ah. "Mistral" - side diyaarad, laakiin ugu horrayn waxa weeyi waa markab weerar amphibious.

Laakiin taangiyada yar in la keeno in xeebaha dalka colaadeed, waa in ay weli dhiibin dalka iyo dajinaya xeebta. Si taas loo gaaro, waxaa uu ogol yahay technology ah. Tani waa maraakiibta degtey weyn our (BDK) si fudud u nasan dhanka ah qayb sanka ee xeebta, furi sagxada ah, iyo "soo gudbiyo waayo hooyo ah!". Ciidamada dalalka NATO u dhaqmaan si ka duwan, wax badan oo dheeraad ah leeyahay. Laakiin ka dib on this.

Wing la dhamaystiro, taas oo ku xidhan hawlaha lagu xalinayo in ilaalo dagaalka. Diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca ah oo ku saabsan sharraxaa iyo katabaan kara 16 ilaa 32, iyadoo ku xiran saamiga ASW, fuustooyinka iyo diyaarado gaadiidka dhinacyada joomateri kala duwan.

Waxa kale oo tiro muhiim ah oo shaqaale, taas oo qaadataa on doonnidii fuulnay - 450 badda. battalion Tani.

dayactir macquulka ah oo deg-deg ah ee markabka isbitaalka sabayn. Waxaa laga yaabaa in lagama maarmaan u ah hawlaha bani'aadamnimada ama siinta daryeel caafimaad askartii ku dhaawacmay dagaalka.

Iyo "Mistral" - markab loogu talagalay tug dheer. Its kala duwan goboleedka - 20 kun oo kiiloomitir. Tani waa kala bar dhulbaraha. Haddii aad u baahan tahay in la soo celiyo si ah degaanadii caasi ah, waxaa - waxa aad u baahan tahay. Laakiin su'aasha ah sababta Russia "Mistral", ayaan weli uu madaxiisa jebin. Overseas, dalkeena ma. Degay ciidamada meel kasta oo Australia ah ama Argentina u muuqataa in ay qorshe ah u lahayn, iyo xataa haddii ay jiraan waxay ahayd inay damacsan noocan oo kale ah, doonniyihii waxay noqon lahayd in ay soo iibsadaan laba, ama xataa afar ... Intaa waxaa dheer, geeddi-socodka dhulka laftiisa waa mid aad u asalka.

Sidee loo caga Faransiis

Faransiis "Mistral" waa in kooxdiisa ay ku kacaya, sida hore u soo sheegnay, iyo labaatan mayl-badeed ka soo xeebta kulul halkaas oo aan la cadeeyo waxa dhici kara, oo soo saarta ka geynayey gaar ah maxalka, kaas oo u taagan hubkiisa. Waayo, nidaamka this, waxa ay leedahay dekedda gaar ah, taas oo iyana dhalaan gaari yiri, ku raran on taangiyada iyo gawaarida gaashaaman, ka dibna daadad dunida heerka badda ku wareegsan, iyo kaliya in ka dib markii ay u leeyihiin in ay ka tagaan markabka hooyo. habka soo degtey waa xadka iyo waqti dheer, saacado badan. In aannu shaqaale afar daraasiin baabuurta - a xoojiyeen taangiga guuto, oo ka kooban saddex guuto iyo unit Taliyaha ayaa, in arrin yara. Waxaan si kalsooni leh u odhan kartaa in haddii qof waa la col noo sababtoo ah waxa uu isku dayay in uu meel u dhow Anapa dhul, ilaalinta adag xeebaha "Bastion" si loo joojiyo in ay si degdeg ah ...

diyaarado

Faransiis The leeyihiin rotorcraft. Waxay yihiin ujeedada kala qaybsan yihiin fasalada, labo ka mid ah kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo sida lagu sharraxaa ah. Multi-NH-fuusto 90 iyo "Tigers" waa qiyaastii u siman yihiin share garabka, hoos tirada iyo qalab qaadista xisaabaa dhaqaaqin qalabka si sharraxaa dayuurada oo dib ugu tegey dhufayskii, halkaas oo ay ugu hoydaan oo ka dhan ah duufaanada, buufiyo biyaha badda oo la tijaabiyey dayactir ka hortag ah. Just laba wiish leh awoodda qaadista of 13 tan oo, mid ka mid at doonnida, ka kale ee soo socda si wheelhouse ah.

The helicopters ugu muhiimsan ee lagu sharraxaa aynu nahay anti-Ka-27m iyo Ka-226, laakiin weerarada ka dhanka ah diirada dhulka iyo badda waxaa loo baahan yahay iyo "taxadirayo" Ka-52. The dhinacyada mashiinada, kuwaas oo ku kala duwan ka soo dhigooda Faransiis, weliba, in si wayn. "Mistral" dhisay Navy Ruushka, la hagaajin loo baahdo.

faahfaahinta heshiiska

Faransiis The ba'an baayacmushtari jireen. Kooxda reer Russia ayaa ku adkeystay on dhismaha seddex ka mid ah afartii helicopter ah qorsheysan on shipyards u gaar ah oo isticmaalaya waraaqo dejinta. badh ku heshiiyeen. Waxaa intaas dheer, qaybta AFT waxaa soo saaray ee warshadaha bari Dhismaha maraakiibta deked markab, kaas oo sidoo kale qiimo dhimista ee mashruuca. Waxa xusid gaar ah waa tayada sare ee shipbuilders gudaha iyo complete tabaneeyo dhan qanjidhada inta lagu guda jiro shirka kama dambaysta ah ee St. Nazaire.

on xaalad degdeg ah waxa la isku raacay in kooxda Faransiiska ka taagi doonaa on the "Mistral" in Russia qalabka-teknoolojiyad sare navigation ah, oo hoos hubka si ay u diyaariyaan boosteejo ah oo sii kordhaya iyo waddo isgaadhsiinta cable ka. All hababka gantaalada iyo madaafiicda, Russia naftaada iyo u gaar ah gelin doonaa.

factor muhiim ah in saxiixa heshiiska u noqon karta fursad ay ku adkaadaan farsamooyinka ugu dambeeya ee Dhismaha maraakiibta, haddii aan, dabcan, Faransiis ku badan si ay u bartaan. Waxay inta badan la xidhiidhaan habka shirka dhismayaasha waaweyn, inkastoo Baltic Plant iyo United Dhismaha maraakiibta Corporation isla markiiba helay amar furfurayaasha qaaradda, ma ay adag yihiin in ka yar ee "Mistral". Qiimaha laba markab oo ahaa 1.2-1.5 billion euros, oo lagu daray 2.5 billion rubles shuqulka lahaa si ay u qabtaan shipbuilders Ruush.

Hubka nidaamyada iyo digniinta

radar ugu weyn dhajinta on the "Mistral" in Russia, taas oo ah in ay "indhahaaga" - a Faransiis "Zowjada". Tilmaamo Design oo jidhka ka dhigtay in ay adag tahay si loo soo dajiyo dhigooda qoyska.

kuwasoo ay asalka ah ee nidaamka daafaca sababay shuruudo dheeraad ah Naval Command on qalabaynta maraakiibta shan SAM "dabacsan", oo loogu talagalay isticmaalka "Eagle" iyo labo ka mid ah unugyada lix barreled madaafiic degdeg-dab AK-630 heerkiisa 30 mm ah inuu wax baabbi'iyo diirada u-xawaaraha sare ee low-duulaya. ilaalinta Antiship waxaa la siiyaa kaxeynayo ee gantaalaha supersonic awood "shaqo" iyo bartilmaameedyada xeebta. ASW ka mid ah oo dhan jihada SOONAARKA hardware suurto gal.

Details qalabyada aan la ballaaran loo shaacin, laakiin waxaynu og nahay in kasta oo Ruush "Mistral" - maamulka ee doonnida, halkii ay kaliya helicopter ah iyo baabuurta amphibious, sidaas damaysay ee tiknoolajiyadda macluumaadka nidaamka kombiyuutarka on-guddiga sidoo kale waa mid aad u halis ah.

miisaamid

nooca Helicopter "Mistral" - Markab weyn, oo waaweyn-iyo awoodda ay u baahan yihiin miisaamid, hubinta ay xasiloonida ku hoos jira xaalad ah dabeylo daran. Saddex markab ahaa in adeegga ee Navy Faransiis ah, qalabaysan hab automatic ah ee wax soo saarka ee Norway «L3Marin», taas oo masuul ka ah dheelitirka. Dooneynin inuu bedelo waxaa dhisay maxkamadaha Ruush Dheellitiro Faransiis, baari on a corvettes sii badan iftiinka iyo markab, sababa diidmo ee macaamiisha. Ka sokow, "Rosoboronexport" dan toos ah in nidaamka this, sida ugu dhaqsaha badan qandaraaska waa qaali. ammaanka navigation helicopter Ruush waa mid aad u muhiim ah in iyada ah si loo badbaadiyo.

Dhibaatooyinka iyo Xalka

Dhibaato ku Manning oo ka mid ah baabuurta Slaam markabka. catamarans double-hulled Faransiis doonyaha tan iyo bilowgii ayaa la diiday, iyo gaadiidka-xawaaraha sare ee guriga on barkin dhinaca cirka ah ee qabsaday xamuul ah aan loo gayn. Waxaan ku heshiinney in xalka ugu fiican weli iibsan lahaa farsamo gudaha taangiga-degtey "Dugong" iyo "adhidibadeedka", isagoo dherer ah 45 iyo 26 mitir u kala horreeyaan.

Qolol iyo qolof fasalka baraf ah, sida qandaraasle ayaa helay amarka ku saleysan oo ka mid ah meelaha lagu geeyo maraakiibta cusub. Si ka duwan dhigooda Faransiis, ay goobaha ay masuulka kuma koobna in ay biyaha kulaylaha, iyo in dekedda, tusaale ahaan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky waa mid aad u qabow. Waana mid ka, amarka Ruush badda waqtiga saxiixa heshiiska aan hubay ku saabsan halka ay u noqon helicopter ku salaysan. Waxaa ka dib go'aansaday.

Khibrad helicopter hawlgalka

Soviet Navy hore u lahaa in adeegga markab antisubmarine diyaarad-waday waaweyn - "Leningrad" iyo "Moscow". Wing Helicopter ah maraakiibta dagaalka loogu talo galay in lagu ogaado quusta cadowga iman kara. Ka dib markii duugaas iyo farsamo Duugga iyo jeexa, ay laga soo saaray ka mid ah shaqaalaha badda, bedelida iyaga aan la qorsheeyey, maxaa yeelay guud ahaan, ma ay aad uga wanaagsan barakac Girkooda yar oo, sidaas daraaddeed, labada wax badan ka jaban wax soo saarka iyo isticmaalka. Gacan ka duugaas oo iman kara yar u-habeynta, taas oo ka muuqatay in ay adagtahay ee hangars beddelidda, si ay helicopters oo casri ah. Guud ahaan, waayo-aragnimo caalamiga ah ayaa muujinaya in sidayaal diyaaradaha ayan istaahilin in lagu badbaadiyo, waa in ay dhisaan reserve ah, iyada oo suurtagal ah ee qalabyada in geeddi-socodka horumarinta hababka gacanta, hubka, isgaarsiinta, navigation iyo ogaanshaha. Xaaladdan oo kale, maraakiibta qaali uma shaqayn karo labaatan sano. Ilaa hadda sida nooca helicopter side "Mistral" dhiganta this Faraj, su'aasha weyn.

"Admiral Kuznetsov" in ay design aysan ahayn u dhigmin "Mistral". Markabka waxa uu xambaarsanyahay hawlaha aad u kala duwan, awoodaha, waayo, dhulka oo ma noqon doono sifooyinka ahaanba ka duwan tahay driving.

reaction International

Markabka oo aan weli la dhamaystiro, sida horay loo sheegay in dekedda weyn ee Far Eastern Military noqoto meel hammigan side cusub Ruush helicopter "Vladivostok", oo loogu talagalay by "Mistral". news Tani sababay inuu walaac ku waajib Dowladda Japan, uglyadevshego in la xoojiyo ka kooban of Fleet Pacific ujeedooyinka dagaal gaar ah. Dabcan, ka waddo diblomaasiyadeed ee deriskeena bari ah kuwo aad dano siyaasadeed oo geli ratio sheegashada guud ahaan in ay "dhulalka waqooyi", su'aasha ah kaas oo la kiciyey waqti ka waqti, ka hor doorashada soo socota. U qaadan in lugta Ruushka badda noqon doonaa dhowr saacadood dhulkii guuto taangiga meel jasiiradda of Hokkaido, ma aha xataa khayaali Japanese waddani ugu geesinimo. photo The "Mistral" eegayaa cajiib ah, laakiin xitaa ka dib markii qalabka ka mid ah gantaalaha markabka in markab gantaal, isagu soo jeesan doono, dixiri jilicsan oo aad u badan, iyo guud ahaan, ma si, uu dhisay oo iibiyey. Oo waa maxay?

Serdyukov khabiir military

Waa xigmad leh si aad u weydiiso oo ku saabsan wixii aan, iyo sababta, iyo sababta. Wasiirkii hore ee Difaaca AE Serdyukov arrimaha istaraatiijiga ah, cad, ogaa in yar. Doonee badan uu hibo leh artistry dabiiciga ah (Dabcan, waxa ay leedahay sameeyaan, agaasimaha film arrin wanaagsan). Waxaa laga yaabaa in uu mar ku riyooday, sida eegi doonaa in badaha iyo hanjabaad gaadiidka weyn iyo farsamo degtey ka hooseeya calanka of St. Andrew. Oo waa ka gooni mudnaan farshaxanka, Mr. Serdiukov sida muuqata uu leeyahay gacanta ganacsiga qaarkood. Laakiin tani waa wararka la isla dhexmarayo kaliya.

Aqoonsiga reer xamarku ee loo sameeyo a "Mistral" Dowladda Ruush, waxaa suurto gal ah, si fudud uhelin raaxo. Laba markab oo ( "Sevastopol" iyo "Vladivostok") mar hore, waxa la malaysan karo amarka Navy aqbalay, oo ay guushu ku ay wax matare by xaqiiqada ah in dhismaha labada nin kale ee kooxda Ruushka shiidaa diiday, in kastoo ay si toos ah oo arrintan ku saabsan ayaa ilaa hadda muujiyeen. Si fudud u go'aansaday in ay sugaan.

Okay, dhab ahaantii, waxba ma dhicin. Vertoletonesuschie maraakiibta amphibious nooca dekedda ma aha oo gebi waafaqsan cilmiga military Ruush, laakiin waqti ka waqti ay jiraan dhibaatooyin caalamiga ah, taas oo iga ciidamada in ay habab hore horumariyo. About sida maxkamadda dhihi karaa in ay yihiin "dhinaca nabad ah ay dhacdo."

On maraakiibta lacagta loo kharashgareeyay, waxa aan loo samayn in sida ugu fiican, laakiin waxaad isticmaali kartaa helicopter ah ee hawlaha nabad ilaalinta, kuwaas oo, sida dhacdooyinkii bilihii ugu dambeeyey, waa arrin u badan tahay.