Qoob Tamara Tumanov: Biography, shaqo ee tiyaatarka iyo shaneemo

Tamara Tumanov - qoob cayaarto caan ah, ka guulaystay masraxa caalamka iyada nimco iyo farsamo unsurpassed of qoob ka-qabadka. Waxa uu ku dhashay ee Soviet Russia, iyadu waxay degganayd markii qaar ka mid ah France, ka dibna u dhaqaaqay United States. Tumanov dhaqmeen ee goobaha ugu wanaagsan dunida ee ballet, iskaashi la choreographers caalami ahaan caan ah sida Dzhordzh Balanchin, Serzh Lifar, Leonid Massine. weli helaan magac iyo aqoonsiga da 'yar, ayay mid ka mid ah qoobka fiican ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay noqday.

Hooyada iyo aabaha of qoob cayaarto a

Tamara Vladimirovna Tumanova (at dhalashada - Hasidovich) waxa uu ku dhashay 1919 on tareenka, taas oo hooyadeed Eugenia Dmitrievna raacay in Siberia in ay ka baxsadaan cadaadis awoodda Soviet. Hooyo qoob cayaarto mustaqbalka lahaa sharaf asal ah iyo iska Tumanishvili qadiimiga Joorijiyaan princely qoyska (Tumanov).

Tamara aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa Colonel ciidanka Saarka, iyo haystaha of Vladimir St. George Cross ee Hasidovich. Evgeny wuxuu guursaday bishii February sanadkii 1918 Tiflis. Hasidovich uu ka qayb qaatay Ruush Japanese-War iyo World Wars, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo 2 helay dhaawacyo halis ah. In 1920 wuxuu daabacay buug xusuus isaga u gaar ah oo ah dagaal u Ruush-Japanese.

biographers Qaar ka mid ah Tamara Tumanova soo jeedinaynaa in aabaheed dhabta ah ninka ugu horeeya Evgenii Dmitrievny Konstantin Zakharov noqon kartaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, version this waa inaan laga helin xaqiijin rasmi ah.

yiqiin ilmanimada hore la ballet

18 bilood ee ugu horreeya nolosha Tamara kiciyey kaliya ee hooyo ay. Markii ay ahayd lix sano jir, waalidkeed, kacaanka razluchonnym ugu dambeyntii u suurtagashay in ay la kulmaan iyo si ku meelgaar ah u guurto Shanghai. Halkan in yar, Tamara horraysay u soo booqday qaab qoob cayaarto caanka Anna Pavlova, ha qaadan safar Bariga Fog. hortiisa arkay sameeyey aragti joogta ah ee gabadha iyo durba kuwii sanadaha hore, degay nafteeda jacaylka ay u qoob ka.

Nolosha France: Dugsiga Ballet, qaab horeysay

Bilowga ee 1925 Hasidovichi dhaqaaqay ugu horeysay ee Qaahira ka dibna Paris. Markuu degay caasimadda Faransiiska, oo waxay qaateen Tamara dugsiga ballet dabaal qoob cayaarto Ruush Olgi Iosifovny Preobrazhenskoy. cayaare A dhalinyaro ah ku dhuftay wareegsan saftay qalaad, nimcada dabiiciga ah, mas'uuliyad iyo dadaalkaas uncharacteristic ilmaha. Maxaa yeelay, isaga oo ardayga ee ka iman kara hal abuur weyn, Madame Preo (ee loo yaqaan isbeddelid ee Paris) iyada marti qaaday in la badalo magaca Hasidovich ayaa in ka badan sonorous. Aan fikirka, qoob ka yar doortay magaca marxalad Tumanova soo sameeyey magaca gabadhii hooyadeed ka. Tamara tayo ma ay tegin lama dareemo by dadka kale. dugsiga ballet waxay ahayd tallaabo ugu horeysay iyada ku guul caalami ah. Ka dib markii waxbarashada isbeddelid sida ku jirta aad u yar, lix-sano jir ah qoob ka helay casuumaad shakhsi ka prima ugu weyn Anna Pavlova ka heesaya ay gala. Dhacdadani waxa ka dhacay June 1925 ee Paris, Palace Trocadero iyo calaamadsan bilowgii xirfadiisa hal abuur leh ee atariishada.

At da'da 9, ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay ugu horeysay Tumanova in ballet ku martigeliso L'Éventail de Jeanne, lagu qabtay tiyaatarka ee Opera Paris. daawadayaasha ayaa la yaabay gabdhaha cayaaray kartidooda iyo ka dib khudbad ku abaalmarisay ay sarre dheer iyo xamaasad leh. khubaro Art hore u ogaa in Tamara Tumanov - qoob cayaarto xagga Ilaah, iyo ka hor iyada filaya guusha loo arag oo aqoonsi caalamka oo dhan.

Bilow mustaqbalkiisa hugaaminaya

In hore 30-mada ay muyuusiga caanka Dzhordzh Balanchin arkay Tamara inta lagu guda jiro hadal ah oo iyada marti qaaday in aad la dheesho Hobollada Qaranka ee "Ballet Ruush ee Monte Carlo," hogaaminayo Colonel de Basil. Wada jir ah ula Tumanova ee kooxda ku jira laba kale oo qoob ballet dhalinyaro ah oo asal ahaan Ruush - Tatyana Ryabushinskaya iyo Irina Baronova. gabdhaha tayo seddexda xiiseyneysay jeclaan of ballet iyo iyadoo da 'yar la siiyey dadku u yaqaan "qoob cayaarto ilmaha". Samu Tumanov oo timaha silky mugdi ah, indhaha oo yicib ubaxeed-qaabeeya brown iyo maqaarka qabow mugdi ah lagu magacaabo Black Pearl ee ballet Ruushka. naaneesta Tani xayiran gadaashiisa ilaa dhamaadka nolosha.

Bilaabay fulinta masraxa a professional, Tumanov ahaa masuul ka ah ugu weyn ee qoyska. Ka dib markii uu u dhaqaaqo Paris, waalidkeed ahaayeen mid aad u liita oo inta aadan lacag u haysan xitaa cunto iyo daruuriyaadka. gabadhii dakhliga u ogolaaday inuu ka baxo saboolnimada iyo inuu ku soo laabto nolol fiican.

warkiisii Adduunka

In Hobollada Qaranka ee kormeeray Tamara, meel kasta oo tagtay, iyada waxqabadka dhammaaday sacab weyn ku dhagaystayaasha xamaasad leh. Waxay cayaartay at La Scala, Opera Paris Golaha, Covent Garden, ayaa wada shaqeyn la leh choreographers badan oo caan ah. Si gaar ah loo abuuray doorka iyada ku soo saarka ee Leonid Massine, Dzhordzh Balanchin, ay Mikhail Fokin iyo Serge Lifar, oo uu iyada la hadlo masraxa isla waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay sharaf qoobka badan ballet caan ah. In 30-ka ayay oofiyo doorka keentay in "The kursiga keydka Magic", "Bale", "Fantastic Symphony", "Giselle". Just dhowr sano ah, iyada oo warkiisiina wuxuu gaadhay ayaa faafay oo meel fog ka baxsan Yurub. Taageerayaasha qoobka tayo ahaayeen Sergei Prokofiev, Pablo Picasso, Mark Shagal iyo fanaaniin badan oo kale oo ka mid ah wakhtiga.

tayada shakhsi ah

Dadka u lahaa in ay si dhow ula falgalaan Tumanova, xusuusnowna in waxa la mid ah sida badan oo qoob cayaarto caanka ah ma ahaa. Tamara halista kala duwan, an yahay shaqada cajiib ah oo sare culus naftooda iyo kuwa kale. Waxay qariibka ku ahaan jiray is weyneeyaan, hawada lala yaabo iyo ficillo in awoodin caanka ah ee kale. dabeecad adag oo furitaankii dhamaystiran tahay Tumanova loo oggol yahay in ay noqoto mid ka mid ah qoobka ugu fiican ee uu waqti.

Socdaal Mareykanka

In 1937, ay ugu sarreysey ee dadka, Tamara waalidiinta daysay Paris oo u dhaqaaqay America. Iyada oo ku saleysan ee California, ayay sii wadaan in ay qabtaan la Hobollada Qaranka ee "Ballet Ruush ee Monte Carlo." In 1939 Tumanov uu ka qaybgalka cayaarta muusikada guul jirrabay muraayadaha Broadway dhagaystayaasha "Stars indhahaaga in" oo uu noqdo prima ku diidanayn. qoob cayaarto caanka ah ee waqtiga isku dayeen in ay la jaanqaadaan farsamo ay qaab ciyaareed, laakiin wax badan oo ka mid ah ay ahaayeen ka fog Pearl Black.

Bishii Abriil 1942, rafcaanka Atariishada ballet masuuliyiinta Maraykanka u siiyo iyada dhalashada Mareykanka magaca Tamary Tumanovoy (sida ay waraaqaha u sii waday in ay dhali magaca Hasidovich). Bayaan ku saabsan isbeddelka magaca iyo dhalashada ayaa sidoo kale ugu Waxyoonay waalidkeed. Bishii Agoosto 1943 oo ah qoyska codsiga Hasidovichey ahaa gabi ahaanba ku qanacsan. Hadda waxa laga bilaabo Tamara, hooyadeed iyo aabbaheed u noqday muwaadin Mareykan ah oo ka heleen xaq u leeyahay inuu dhali magaca Tumanov.

Nolosha hal abuur leh ee 40-60-mada

Ballet mustaqbalkiisa Tumanova socday ilaa dhamaadka 60 ka. Nolosha Maraykanka, ayay sii waday in ay booqasho dunida. Qoob sameeyaa doorka hogaamineed "Don Quixote", "Nutcracker", "Swan Lake", "The Toddoba dembiyadii Dhacay", "Firebird", "Phaedrus" iyo qaab kale ballet. In 1956, prima Ruush ahaa xiddiga martida on guurka ah ee Prince Monako Rene iyo aktarada Hollywoodka grays Kelli. Tamara Tumanov jecel yahay dharka stage dhalaalaya, Hababka timo aan caadi ahayn iyo qurxiyo. si gaar ah loogu talagalay iyada naqshadeeye fashion Varvaroy Karinskoy Swan dharka dhar noqday model ah waxqabadka xilkaan.

Filim ee filimka, guurka

Muddo yar ka dib u dhaqaaqin qoob cayaarto caanka ah California ayaa bilaabay bixiya doorka movie. Her ugu horeysay ee shaashadda weyn waxaa loo arkaa inay kaalin Faaliyihii ee film-ballet gaaban "Fiesta Spanish ah", duubay 1942. Muyuusiga Leonid Massine sameeyey filim, taas oo ku xidhan Tumanov sannado badan oo iskaashi.

In 1944, qoob ka ciyaare, Atariishada dhex muuqday in doorka hogaanka ee Hollywood riwaayadaha dagaal "Maalmaha sharafta". lammaanahaaga Tumanova filim, kanu wuxuu ahaa actor halyeeyga American Gregory Peck, kuwaad kula bay jebisay hindiga a dabaysha cirwareenta ah inta lagu guda jiro filim ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in jacaylka lama Qaddarray wada noqon muddo dheer. Muddo yar ka dib jebinayay la Peck Tumanova iyana waxay noqotay naagtiisii oo ka mid ah soo saare iyo qoraa ah "Maalmaha sharafta" Keysi Robinsona. weliba isaga idinla soo Life socday 10 sano (1944 in 1954), oo waxay keeneen doorka qoob cayaarto ee uu filimka "Maanta waxaan ka gabyi," "Deep qalbigayga" iyo "Martiqaad in Dance ah". Tumanov ninkeeda la Wadaajinaysaan, laakiin waxa uu awoodi waayay inaan ceshano iyada mooyaane ilaa dhimashadiisii. furiinka ka dib, Robinson si ay naagtiisii hore ku soo laabtay, Tamara go'aansaday inaan isu wadaajin cid gunti. Carruurta iyadu ma ay yeelin.

shaqada ee dhawaan ka dhacay movies ah

In 1966, filmography Tumanova buuxsameen baxday siyaasadeed Alfreda Hichkoka "Torn daah". In waxa Tamara door ah ee da 'qoob cayaarto ee sirdoonka, ma raba in la xaqiiqada ah in ay dadka ee la soo dhaafay. Tumanova Intaas waxaa sii dheer, in filimka 'Triage' xiddigaha Hollywood Dzhuli Endryus iyo Pol Nyuman. In kastoo "Torn daah" ayaa loo magacaabay filimada naqdiya aan shaqada ugu guulaha badan madaxda ee Hitchcock, in uu helay guul wanaagsan xafiiska sanduuqa, keeno abuuray in ka badan 6 milyan oo doolar oo dakhli ah. Tumanov, taas oo waqtiga filim ahayd 46 sano jir, muujiyeen taageerayaasha iyada in ay weli ku jira qaabka jirka weyn oo weli ka buuxo tamar dhan.

At ahayd gabbaldhac oo uu xirfadiisa Tumanova xiddig ee comedy quudhin ee Billi Uaydera "Life The gaarka ah ee Sherlock Holmes." Filimku wuxuu, kaas oo u muuqday on screens ee 1970, ayay soo bixitaankii shaashadda image ee qoob cayaarto a Madame Petrova. Filimku wuxuu ka helay eegista isku dhafan, laakiin ku dhowaad dhammaan daawadayaasha telefishinka ayaa xusay kulan weyn u Tamary Tumanovoy oo isku raacay in la opinion ee dhaleeceeya in diva Ruushka oo xataa qaangaarnimada weli naag aad u qurux badan oo quruxsan. Ka dib markii uu dhamaystay shaqo ee sheeko Baare ah "Life The gaarka ah ee Sherlock Holmes," Tumanov iska daayeen inay u muuqdaan in dadweynaha. By markii ugu ayay dhammeeyey mustaqbalkiisa qoob cayaarto ah, taas oo waddada u goobta Atariishada dhallinyaro ah.

dhimashada Tumanova

Markii uu ka tagay ballet iyo film Tamara joojiyay in ay la hadlaan saxaafada, ma ku habboon dabaal heer sare ah oo helay guests. sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa qoob cayaarto weyn ku noolaa reerkiisa oo uu ku Santa Monica (USA). Isagu wuxuu u dhintay Tamara Tumanov 78 sano nolosha ee May 1996. Habeeynimadii of iyada dhimasho, ayay ugu deeqay Academy ee Ballet Ruush in qayb St. Petersburg ay dharka. Waxay aasay luul ah ee Black of ballet Ruush ee la qaderiyo Xabaalaha Hollywood Hollywood weligaaba in qabrigii hooyadeed Eugenia Dmitrievna.