Mariya Ermolova: Biography, hal-abuurka

Mariya Nikolaevna Ermolova - Star goobta masraxa Ruush caan ku tahay tayo riwaayado. Her nolosha ayaa u jideeyey, si ay hawsha tiyaatarka, jidka iyada oo dhan - waa tusaale ka mid ah jacayl aan tooda farshaxanka.

Childhood xiddiga mustaqbalka

July 15, 1853, waxa uu ku dhashay goobta Xiddiga Maria Yermolov. Biography ah aktarada bilaabay in qoyska la xiriira masraxa, iyada awoowe mar ahaa violinist Serf at Volkonsky Princes ah, adeegyada uu, uu helay xoriyadiisa iyo inta kale ee uu noloshiisa uu ka shaqeeyay in dharka dhawri jiray ee Tiyaatarka Maly ah, gabadha aabbeheed ahaa ayaa waxaa halkaas xarun sida prompter ah. Sidaa darteed, iyadu tan iyo yaraantaadii muquurtay nolosha Backstage. Raadinta goobta ka sanduuqa prompter ee, waxay ahayd ku qanacsanahay in ay noqon doonaan aktarada ka wanaagsan. Waxay leedahay 4 sano jir ah ayaa ciyaaro hore ee muraayad goobaha kala duwan, iyo waalidiinta waa la soo dhaweeyey.

Aabbaha Yermolova ahaa shakhsiyad maraq iyo farshaxanka, wuxuu akhriyey badan oo, rinji, ku qoray gabayo iyo riwaayadaha. Laakiin waxay ahayd dabeecad adag, carruur korisay ee ku qaxri jireen xad-dhaaf ah, wuxuu ahaa nugul baxda dulmiga cadho ka badan kuwa tiimbashada xumaanta. Tani waxa ay saameyn ku dabeecadda gabadhiisii, kuwaas oo nolosha oo dhan bulshada neceb at waaweyn, wuxuu ahaa mid aad suubban iyo qabyo ahayn.

Study iyo riyooyin

qoyska Yermolova ka mid ah dadka saboolka ah, doorashada aad u badan, halkaas oo in ka baran jiray, gabadhii ma jirin. Aabbaha rumeysan yahay in carruurta waa in ilmaha aad u hesho used in dhibaatada nolosha, iyo gaar ahaan ma daryeeli ku saabsan raaxaystaan. Gabadha aan ahaa xataa ABC, iyadu bartay in uu akhriyo riwaayadaha, kuwaas oo ku yiil badan on miiska aabbihiis. At ilmo 9 sano jir ah, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay soo diri inaad wax ka barato Tiyaatarka School Moscow ku, waxaa jiray oo lacag la'aan ah, meel "dawladdu leedahay" waaxda ballet ah, halkaas oo Yermolov ku qoran. Oo waxay bilaabeen sano ee ugu adag noloshiisa. talanti Dance, Maria lama, cashar kasta jirdil iyada, laakiin macalimiinta iyo fasalka ogaaday awood farshaxanimo iyada.

In 13 sano, aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay kuu diyaarin kulan ku sugnaa goobta weyn a gabadhaada, iyada waxaa la siiyey kaalin ku qoslo ah "Toban aroosyada iyo aroos maya" Masraxa Maly ah. Image Fanshetty Yermolova ma ahayn u dhow, iyo guusha ay, marka lagu daro, actor Samarin caanka xukumay: ". Ha u noqon actarad"

Laakiin taasi ma hortago riyo Mary ee goobta weyn, isaga qudhiisu waa yiqiin oo dhan riwaayadaha in ay ahaayeen Masraxa Maly ah, wuxuu ahaa la hubo ee uu xirfadda, iyadoo aan loo eegayn waxa. Iyo madax sii wadaan horumarinta xirfadda ee qoob cayaarto ah.

ugu horeysay ee guul

kaca Marii Ermolovoy ma ahaa la saadaalin karo oo la filayo. Accident in 16 sano ayay fursad u helay inaan ka soo muuqan masraxa ee Tiyaatarka Maly ee doorka weyn. N. Medvedev tiyaatarka prima diyaarinaya Benefis oo si deg deg ah oo raadinaya bedelka ee buka G. Fedotova in waxqabadka Lessing "Emilia Galotti" oo ay fasalka wada Mary talinayaa iyada musharaxnimada. guul debutante ayaa dhaafo oo dhan laga filayo, daawadayaasha la yaabay dareen daacad ah oo qoto dheer oo atariishada dhallinyarada. Waxay ahayd yeeray Sujuud iyagoo 12 jeer, waxa uu ahaa la kahdo of for cusub ah. Yermolov nafteeda hoos uu qorka: "Waxaan ku faraxsanahay maanta." Laakiin ugu horeysay ee guul ma aysan joogsan casharada ay daran ballet, laba sano ayay u dhacday, si ay u dhamaystiraan ay waxbarashada dugsiga iyo kaliya ka dib markii ay dhamaystirka inay soo galaan waddada doonayo ee aktarada weyn.

Masraxa - qaddar

Isla markiiba ka dib markii uu dugsiga Yermolov la dhigay Hobollada Qaranka ee Tiyaatarka Maly ah. Laakiin maamulka tiyaatarka waxaa ka dhaadhacsan in atariishada dhallinyarada waa doorka ugu fiican comedy, oo iyana waxay marka hore la siiyey kaalinta kaliya ee vaudeville. Waxay ciyaaray ah gabdhaha dhallinyarada ah dheegto, iyaga gelinaya in si qoto dheer iyo adkaanta badan artist ee asal ahaan loogu talo galay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, doorka Masha in "dadka oo addoonsiga," Maarta ee "The Tsar ee aroosadda" "qoyska dambiyada," Emma ayaa Lida in "Wedding Krechinsky" Marianne in "Tartuffe" noqday iyada bilow wanaagsan. Waayo, doorar Maria Nikolaevna soo dhawaaday si dhab ah muddo dheer raadinayaan dabeecadda qofka, in aad ka fikirto sida hannaankii image ee. Saddexda sano ee ugu horreysa ee ah te'atradii ku bilaabay barashada iyada waqti, ayay qorteen xirfad, in ay ogaadaan awoodooda.

ugu horeysay ee guul iyo doorka ugu horeysay si weyn u adkeeyay Yermolova nolosha masraxa, marka hore, iyada waxaa ku hareereysan xaasidnimo iyo malevolence. Waxa ay ahayd adag tahay in ay ku habboon shirkadda sidoo kale sababtoo ah nooca aan lala hadlo. Waxay lahaa wax badan oo taageero Shchepkin qoyska, qaraabada Aktarka caanka ah. Gurigooda u sii socotay inay intelligentsia Moscow, iyo Maryan oo ahayd ay keeni karto badan oo xiriiro faa'iido leh in iyada ku caawin doona mustaqbalka.

Talent Atariishada naxdin leh

Tartiib tartiib, filim muujin xoogga tayo Yermolova iyo iyada baro doorka ka sii daran. In 1873, ayay nasiib ku filan in ay ka shaqeeyaan on image ah ee Catherine ee "Storm" A. I. Ostrovskogo ahaa, ayay ku bixisay dhowr sano kaamilayna iyo horumarinta xilkaan, keeno oo kaamil ah. Talent leeyahay inuu weynaado, iyo actor leeyahay in ay helaan waayo-aragnimo, si ay u barwaaqoobi in xoog buuxa. Waa lix sano ka hor ka qaaday Tiyaatarka Maly ayaa iftiimisay in dhammaan ciidamada star runta cusub - Maria Yermolov. Actress ee 1876, ayaa galay qaab aad u wanaagsan oo waa u bislaaday lacagta ah. Si gaar ah habitue goobada at Sergey Shchepkin ku Yuryev waayo, waxaa turjumay play ah by "il Idaha" doorka Lope de Vega ee Lawrence oo waa fiican ee dhacdo noocan oo kale ah. play waxa uu ahaa guul weyn, dadkii badnaa xamaasad hor istaagay wadada iyo halkii fardo waxaa wadista iyada qaadee in guriga, ka dibna ka dhigay atariishada guri on gacmaha.

Taasi waxay ahayd bilowgii guuto faraxsan nolosha Marii Ermolovoy. Waxaa ka furmay marxalad cusub ee Tiyaatarka Maly ah - Zaman ee hindiga. Her hadiyad lyrical si buuxda u ogaadeen in doorka sida Ophelia, Desdemona, Esterel ee "Star of Seville", Elisabeth ee "Don Carlos."

Laakiin ammaan ugu weyn ee Marii Ermolovoy sameeyey doorarka naxdin leh oo lama filaan ah, waxay furay tirada buuxda oo iyada talent. Phaedra, Sappho, Lady Macbeth ciyaaray by Atariishada farxay dhageystayaasha iyo dhaleecayn. Waxay shaaca ka qaaday iyada aqoonsiga si buuxda.

Taabashada riwaayadaha casriga ah

Marka ay dhamaato ee 80s iyo 90s ee qarnigii 19aad Yermolov Maria jirsado in ay qaadato waajihid casriga ah, taas oo ma u baahan tahay hamiday iyo pathos soo jireenka ah ee wax ka classic. Halkan xooga waa mawduuc maalin walba iyo jilayaal macquul ah. ku saabsan oo New tayo Yermolova shaacin ee plays ee curiya Ruush A. N. Ostrovskogo, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, AI Sumbatov-Ugine, M. I. Chaykovskogo, A. S. Suvorina. Waa ma aha oo kaliya isaga qudhiisu isku dayaa in hab wanaagsan, laakiin sidoo kale waxa ay tilmaamaysaa characters xun.

sano ugu danbeysay ee mustaqbalkiisa ah

Laga soo bilaabo 1910s ay u shaqo xirfadeed ee Atariishada in uu is beddelay, oo uu waajihid caadiga ah, ayay mar dambe doonayay inuu ka ciyaaro sababtoo ah isagoo da '. Mariya Ermolova lagu qasbay inuu tixraac doorarka hooyooyinka iyo dumarka. Laakiin in muddo this, waxayna lahayd guulaha hal abuur leh, oo ay ku jiraan kaalinta Queen Martha in Ostrovsky ee "Dmitry firin iyo Vasily ku Shumsky" Mamelfy Dmitrievny ee "duqa" AK Tolstoy, Fru Alving in Ibsen ee "hoos".

In 1920, Lafawayn u dabaal-guuradii 50aad ee ka iyada shaqo hal abuur leh, dawladda Soviet waxaa horyaalka ee Artist Dadka Jamhuuriyadda wuxuu ku meelaynayaa, waxay ahayd actarad ugu horeysay taariikhda si aad u hesho horyaalka noocan oo kale ah. Xukuumadda Soviet ee 70s ee doonnida qarnigii 20aad bilaabay "Mariya Ermolova", taas oo ay magaceeda siiyey fasalka oo dhan watercraft rakaabka.

In 1923, ayay si rasmi ah u baxo marxaladda. Laakiin waxa ay weli ku siin riwaayada sida reciter ka mid ah gabayo, ayaa la kulmay daawadayaasha.

doorka ugu fiican ee

Actress Yermolov Maria Nikolaevna leeyahay tayo naxdin leh awood, maxaa yeelay, naftii waa bixitaankii on stage in ka badan 300 images. Laakiin dadka dhaleeceeya waxay ugu muhiimsan doorka ugu yeedhay Joan of Arc in "Yartoy of Orleans" Schiller. Tani waxay u ciyaaro sanado badan si ay u "ku garaacday" ka faafreebka, oo kaliya in 1884 in ay ogolaansho la siiyey. Inta lagu jiro 18 sano ee soo socda, show ma tegi on stage, iyo Yermolov in waxa keliya oo helay hawl-wadeeno. Waxaa ka mid ah doorka ugu fiican ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah: ". Winter ee SHEEKADII" Negin ee "talanti oo xiiseyneysay" Ostrovsky, Kruchinina in uu ciyaar u gaar ah "oo qirtay aanan xadgudub lahayn" Mary Stuart ee play Schiller ee, Phaedra Racine, Hermione ee Shakespeare ee

Marii Ermolovoy tiyaatarka - waayo-aragnimo masrax iyo beryahan. Waxay soo bixitaankii nidaamka K. S. Stanislavskogo.

Atariishada sharaftoodii waa la yaqaan maanta oo kaliya by saffarro uu, photos Marii Ermolovoy ma gudbiyo oo dhan iyada heybad sixir iyo qaab iyada on filim aan la duubay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la ogsoon yahay in ay soo jiitay daawadayaasha ka qoto iyo xoog oo waayo aragnimo ah, waxay ahayd inay awoodaan inay muujiyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu khiyaano oo ka mid ah nafta iyo ruuxa.

gaarka ah

All saffarro sheegay in nolosha Yermolov ayaa wuxuu ahaa nin aad u suubban iyo dirreed, iyadu ma ay doondoonaan heersare ah, Goldogob yar. Sidaas, ka qurxinta waxaa on karaa oo keliya marka la arki string luul, dharka ay ka doorteen dharka madow Caraabaah. In guriga waxay ahayd jawi aad u ba'an, waxaa la qurxiyey oo keliya ubax deeqay dhagaystayaasha.

Yermolov guursaday Nikolaya Shubinskogo xitaa da 'yar oo si jacaylka weyn, kaas oo si deg deg ah ayuuna wixiisii, oo wuxuu helay dissimilarity weyn oo characters iyo dhaqan ee isqaba. Laakiin Mariya Nikolaevna Ermolova noolaa wuxuu sii waday inuu ninkaas la nacay, waayo, wuxuu gabadhiisii ku nool. Saffarro ayaa sheegay in ka dib waxaa la haleel by jacaylka weyn oo caalim ah oo ku nool Europe. Yermolov, laakiin ma uusan ku dhicin si ay u milmaan guurka.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, nolosha iyada wax badan oo farxad u dhiibay awow Nick, kuwaad kula ayay ku qaatay waqti badan. 12 March 1928 dhintay atariishada weyn Ruush Yermolov Maria Nikolaevna.