Qaab-dhismeedka, shayga iyo maado ka mid ah cilmi nafsiga sida sayniska

Psychology sida sayniska daraasaad ku dhaqanka iyo geedi socodka maskaxda ka dhacaya miyir aadanaha.

Mawduuca ku saabsan cilmi nafsiga sida sayniska ah ee marxaladaha kala duwan ee ay horumarinta waxaa ka go'an in siyaabo kala duwan. Ilaa qarnigii 18aad, matalaad soo jireenka ah ee ay ku xiran waxaa loo tixgeliyaa ah nin naftiisa. In assotsianistskoy nafsiga taaban karo ee Ingiriiska (Dzh.St.Mill, D.Gartli, G. Spencer, A. Ben) kula macaamilooteen ifafaale miyirka. In structuralism (W. Wundt) ee wax arkay ee waayo-aragnimo ah ee ku xiran. Functionalism (F. Brentano) loo arkaa falal ula kac ah miyir.

Mawduuca ku saabsan cilmi nafsiga sida sayniska, tan iyo Sechenov (psychophysiology), fahamsan yahay sida uu asal ahaan ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee hawlaha maskaxda. In behaviorism (J. Watson) inta badan loo arkaa dhaqanka. Psychoanalysis, hogaaminayo Freud u leexatay xagga miyir ah.

Subject ee cilmi nafsiga sida sayniska ee Gestalt cilmi nafsiga (Maks Vertgeymer) waxaa lagu qeexaa sida daaweynta habka iyo processing macluumaadka iyo natiijooyinka hawlgaladaa. In cilmi nafsiga dadka bini'aadamnimada (Maslow, Frankl, Carl Rogers, Buenafloroo May) saynisyahano dareenka ugu weyn waxaa la siiyaa waayo-aragnimo shakhsi ahaaneed ee qofka.

In sayniska gudaha ee wakhtigii hore ee cilmi nafsiga ee Soviet sida su'aasha ah ee sida si ay u qeexaan mawduuca nafsiga sida sayniska si dhab ah aan la waxyeelleeyey sida. Kaliya soddon jirka ahaa ayaa bilaabay inay sharaxdo mawduuca sida "dareenka, fikrado, dareen, fikirrada binu-aadmigu."

Halperin ayaa loo aqoonsaday mawduuca nafsiga sida hawl muujinaysaa (tani waxaa ka mid ah garashada iyo noocyada hawlaha ee maskaxda aadanaha, iyo dareenka, waxay u baahan tahay, Doono).

Sayidka, iyadoo ay sabab u horumarinta cilmi nafsiga maadada sayniska ayaa u yeedhay geedi socodka maskaxda, iyo xaaladaha iyo hantida dadka iyo sidoo kale qaabka dhaqanka ay la xiriira. door muhiim ah la siiyaa barashada xayawaan miyir iyo horumarinta, hawlgalka iyo isgaarsiinta dhaqanka guud iyo hawlaha la taaban karo ee dadka.

Dhismaha nafsiga sida sayniska ee marxaladda la joogo oo ah dhinaca horumarinta waa halkii adag. Waxaa jira dhawr qaab-dhismeedka guud ahaan aqbalay horumariyo nafsiga yaqaan.

dhismayaasha Ananiev ee cilmi nafsiga in daraasaad dhinacyo shaqsi ah miyir iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha. Waxa uu muujineysaa in daraasaad ontogenesis Aadanaha shaqsi ahaan (total, kala duwan, da'da, ontopsihofiziologiya, psychophysiology); in waxbarashada qof inta ay nolosha Jidka (total, kala duwan, is barbardhig, psycholinguistics, nafsiga ah aragtida ah dhiirogelin, cilmi nafsiga cilaaqaadka); in daraasaad qofka sida mawduuca waxqabad (cilmi nafsiga ee garaadka, shaqada, hal-abuurka, guud ahaan iyo cilmi nafsiga genetic).

Hansen muujineysaa laamaha sida sayniska sida cilmi nafsiga guud, psychophysiology, psychophysics, cilmi nafsiga xoolaha, koox ka mid ah maadooyinka, horumarinta (phylogeny, ontogenesis, anthropogenesis, barbardhig), waxqabad (dhaqanka, shaqada, aqoonta, xidhiidhka), cilmi nafsiga bulshada (taariikhiga ah, xidhiidh, shakhsiyadda , isgaarsiinta mass) kala duwan ku kala duwan yihiin nooca (duwanaanshaha anomalous), kala duwanaanshaha qowmiyadaha kala duwan shaqsi).

Platonov dhismayaasha sida sayniska: guud, koritaanka cilmi nafsiga, waxbarasho, caafimaad, warshadaha cilmi nafsiga, sports, meel, duulista, military, sharci, bulsho.

shayga ugu weyn ee cilmi nafsiga sida sayniska - qof ama koox dad ah (iyo xoolaha) sida sidayaal laabaha. Waxay baratay oo cilmi-baaris la caawiyo ee sayniska habab si ay u aqoonsadaan la taaban karo talooyin, iyo sidoo kale abuurista cusub aragtiyaha sayniska.

Psychology doonayaa inuu ka jawaabo su'aasha ah sababta ay dadku u dhaqmaan sidan oo aan si kale ku jira xaalad gaar ah. Marka tan la eego, oo aan baaritaan hab ay sida laabaha, oo agaasinta oo dhan ujeedooyinkooda iyo falalka habdhaqanka of nin.