Mucolytics: liis ah waxyaabaha carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn

At ARI, waxa aan inta badan soo food leh ifafaale xun sida, sida qufaca. Isagu waa daal iyo wax aad looga xumaado, way adag tahay in neefta iyo yaraynaysaa tayada nolosha. Waayo, dhakhtarka, waxaa muhiim ah si loo ogaado nooca waxa ka mid ah qufac in bukaanka: qalalan ama qoyan. Nooca ugu horeeya waxa loo arkaa in ay counter-soo saar leh iyo waxa lagu gartaa adkaato expectoration. Qufac waxaa la yiraahdaa wax soo saar leh oo koobaya kabashada bukaan-socodka. Helitaanka qufac qalalan nooca bukaanka, dhakhaatiirta inta badan daawo oo razzhizhzhayut dheecaan-axaleedka, taasoo laga sameeyey mareenka-mareenka. Sababo la cufnaanta sare oo xab this bukaanka ku adag xaako ama expectoration.

Waa maxay mucolytics ah?

In si ay u caawiyaan bukaanka qufac qalalan, dhakhtarka caadiga ah kuu qori doona mucolytics. List of alaabta ka mid ah kooxdan waa arrin ballaaran. By habka saamaynta on jidhka bini'aadamka daroogada, kuwaas oo loo qaybin karaa saddex kooxood:

• walxaha Mucoregulatory. Waxay leeyihiin saameyn ku on qadarka sii daayay dheecaan-axaleedka. Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah corticosteroids, iyo karbotsistein M-holinoblokatory.
• Mukokinetiki - waa daawooyin loo hagaajiyo expectoration ee xab. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ambroxol, bromhexine iyo si bixi.
• Si toos ah mucolytics. Waxyaabahani waxay gacan ka liquefaction ee mucin by yaraynta ay ku nafwaayay. By mucolytics ka mid ah ensaymes proteolytic, acetylcysteine, iyo si bixi.

habab kala duwan liquefaction ee xaako

Haddii aan ka fiirsan in farsamo uu ku Britain ee mucopolysaccharides acid dheecaanka xab nin waa la wada dumin karaa iyadoo la kaashanayo of daroogada, labada marinnada ugu muhiimsan noqon kartaa Sharaf - waa hab enzyme ah iyo sida aan enzymatic. Xaaladda hore, falgalka ku dumin isgaarsiinta borotiinada, iyo in kale - xirka disulfide ee u taagoo of xaako.

Qoondaynta oo ah qayb weyn ee firfircoon

All of daroogada, kuwaas oo lagu daro sida ay caalamka dirka daawooyinka ATC hoos code ama ATS R05CB «Mucolytics". List of maaddooyinka waaweyn firfircoon kale oo ay bixisaa naqshada alphanumeric gaar ah:

• R05CB01 - acetylcysteine.
• R05CB02 - bromhexine.
• R05CB03 - karbotsistein.
• R05CB06 - ambroxol.
• R05CB10 - daroogada la dejinta la xoojiyey.
• R05CB13 - Dornase Alfa (DNase).

Wixii daawooyin, mucolytics u yeelaan bukaan gaar ah, furfuraya dhakhtar oo kaliya. Magacaabistani waxaa uu sameeyey oo kaliya ka dib markii baaritaan dhamaystiran, oo hanuuniyey by natiijooyinka falanqayn kala. Bal aynu eegno dhow sida walax kasta oo ka mid firfircoon farmashiistayaasha koox R05CB.

Mucolytics la acetylcysteine

Acetylcysteine wax ku ool ah ka caawisaa khafiif ah xab ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxaa ka mid ahaa in kooxda mucolytics. Liiska daawooyinka la walaxda firfircoon ka mid ah oo ku saabsan laba darsin noocyada kala duwan ee noocyada daawooyinka. Acetylcysteine waxa lagu gartaa ah hababka soo socda:

• Waxay leedahay in ay Britain hannaankii group sulfhydryl Waxyeelo ah, taas oo u dhaqmaan on xeryahooda mucopolysaccharides disulfide burbur sababtoo ah taas oo ah waxa lagu gartaa kordhay nafwaayay xab. Sidaas darteed, xaako la galeen iyo si fudud jidhkaaga ka soo raaca.
• Macluumaadkaan waxaa ka tarta hoos u dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo yaraynaysaa tirada bakteeriyada pathogenic kuwaas on xabka oo ka mid ah xubnaha neefsashada.
• Waxa uu ku antioxidant. kooxaha Sulfhydryl fal la xagjirka lacag la'aan ah iyo metabolites of ogsijiin iyo iyaga ka soo saarto jirka. Sayidka, acetylcysteine ayaa ficil antiinflammatory iyo jirka ovobozhdaet ka walxaha sunta ah, oo aad u fududaysay xaaladda bukaanka.

Laga soo bilaabo diyaarinta ka kooban sida acetylcysteine walax firfircoon, la tilmaamayaa kara:

• "Mukobene" - kiniiniyada; 100, 200 ama 600 mg.
• "Mukomist" - xal in ampoules, 20% ee la mariyo iyo neefsasho.
• "Mukoneks" ee foomka of kaabsal, 0.1 g si ay u diyaariyaan sharoobada ah.
• "Fluimucil" ee foomka of kaabsal, 100 iyo 200 mg, Kiniinnada xoorsan cabniinka, 600 mg.
• "ACC" oo ah qaab kiniin cabniinkana lagu niinaaso diyaarinta - 100, 200, 600 mg, duro 300 mg / 3 ml in ampoules; dhagaxyada ah xal in, 100, 200 mg.
• "Acetylcysteine" in budo ah, 200 mg, xal la isku duro, 10%; xal ngalyatsy, 20%;
• "Atsestin" - Tablet maamulka gudaha, 100, 200, 600 mg, Kiniinnada xoorsan cabniinka, 200 iyo 600 mg.

Acetylcysteine iyo daroogada isaga la ahaan uu in carruurta ka yar 2 sano jir ah (iyo qaar ka mid ah - ilaa 6 sano jir), dumarka uurka leh iyo kuwa nuujinaya, dadka qaba cudurka caloosha kolit in marxaladda ba'an. Waxaad la kulmi karaan dhibaatooyin soo raaca sida madax xanuun, stomatitis, feejignaan xumo iyo tinnitus, xanuunada caloosha dhif muujiyey, xasaasiyad, tachycardia. Acetylcysteine daawooyin antitussive Iskuma wada cabbi kartaan. Waxa kale oo ay wanaajisaa saamaynta nitroglycerin oo uu hakiyo nuugista of antibiotics.

Mucolytics la bromhexine

Medicaments ka kooban walax this sida qayb firfircoon, inta badan loo xilsaaray qufaca, iyo u taagan sidii mucolytics. Liiska daawooyinka ku xadidan yahay shan dawooyinka. Marka jidhka bini'aadamka, soo baxa bromhexine sida soo socota:

• hoos ku nafwaayay ee dheecaan bronki by polysaccharides xab depolarization;
• Waxaa kobciyaa unugyada bronki xuubka oo qarsan polysaccharides nooca dhexdhexaad ah;
• Waxay kor u formation of surfactant ah;
• Waxay soo saartaa saamayn expectorant,
• gudhiyay reflex qufaca.

Diyaargaraw-mucolytics hoos ku qoran waxa ku jira sida bromhexine weyn firfircoon qayb. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• "Solvin" - xal maamulka gudaha, 4 mg / 5 ml; kiniin loo isticmaalo afka ah, 8 mg.
• "Bromhexine" ee foomka of xal, 4 mg / 5 ml; sharoobada, 4 mg / 5 ml; kiniiniyada 8 mg.

Daroogooyinka, mucolytics, oo ay ku jiraan bromhexine, yihiin loogu talagalay dadka qaba dulqaad shaqsi ka qaado qayb ka this, iyo sidoo kale carruurta jirta ilaa 6 sano. Waxay keeni kartaa saxarada, madax-xanuun, isa-soociddiisa oo kordhay dhididka, finan maqaarka iyo bronchospasm. Haweenka uurka leh iyo kuwa nuujinaya dawada la bromhexine dhif ah loo magacaabay.

Daawooyinka la carbocisteine

daroogada waxaa sidoo kale ka mid ahaa in kooxda "Mucolytics". Liiska daawooyinka la carbocisteine ka mid ah waxyaabaha ku saabsan toban, laakiin dhammaan waxay leeyihiin saameyn la mid ah dawooyinka:

• yareeyo content ee koror dhex-dhexaad ah oo acidic soo saarka ee glycopeptides waxaa keenay ay saamiga caadiga ah;
• yareeyo nafwaayay iyo hagaajinta barti ee xaakada,
• cusboonaysiiyaan xabka ee habka neefsashada iyo soo celiyo qaab-dhismeedkoooda caadiga ah;
• kordhin factor ee maxaliga ah iska caabin gaar LGA;
• caadiga ah kooxaha sulfigrilnyh doorashada;
• labanlaabo waxqabad ee epithelium bronki ciliated.

Inta badan, bukaanka waxaa loo xilsaaray mucolytics kaliya sida. Liiska daawooyinka iyo diyaar garowga ay ku jiraan karbotsistein la siiyo hoos ku qoran:

• "Libeksin Muko" ee foomka of sharoobada ah, 50 mg / ml.
• "Mucodyne" ee foomka of kaabsoosha, 125 mg, sharoobada ee carruurta 125 mg / 5 mL iyo 250 mg / 5 ml.
• "Karbotsistein" sharoobada 250 mg / 5 mL iyo 125 mg / 5 mL (carruurta); Kaabsoosha, 375 mg.
• "Fluifort" ee foomka of dhagaxyada ah la joojiyo, 2.7 mg, Syrup, 90 mg / l; sharoobada 2% (carruurta) iyo 5%.

Karbotsisteinovye mucolytics, daawooyinka iyo daawooyinka, kuwaas oo kor lagu sharaxay laguma qaadi karo xaqiiqada ah qabo xasaasiyad ka qaado qayb ka hoose iyo sidoo kale cudurka boog ulcer, rabshooyin of funktsionirovaniyapochek caadiga ah, glomerulonephritis ee foomka, cystitis, uurka ba'an iyo naas-nuujinta. Diyaargaraw qaab kaabsoosha yihiin carruurta ka yar 12 sano, iyo qaab of sharoobada - ilaa 2 sano. Daroogooyinka, karbotsisteina ku salaysan mucolytics Qufac sporovotsirovat karo dheefshiidka rastrojstva iyo daliilka xasaasiyad.

Daawooyinka la ambroxol

daroogada Kuwanu waa ugu dhex bukaanka caan ah. Ambroxol leedahay saamaynta socda on jidhka bini'aadamka,

• Waxay yaraynaysaa index nafwaayay iyo Amda ee xaakada,
• fududeeyaa dheecaan of xab ka hawo,
• shidaa unugyada nabarrada xabka bronki ah unugyada ee u jilacsan,
• Waa dareen wax soo saarka ee falgalka xaqiro qaab dhismeedka ah polysaccharides ah xaako;
• si firfircoon kor u wax soo saarka ee surfactant,
• Waxaa kobciyaa cilia ee hawomareenno iyo iyaga ka hortagtaa ka wada dusin.

Sababo la xiriira tallaabada arrimahaasi waxay ambrokola waxaa lagu soo daray kooxda "Mucolytics". Liiska daawooyinka ay ku jirto qayb tani waa ballaaran. Halkan waxa ku jira dawooyinka ugu badan ee la ambroxol:

• "Mucosolvan" - lozenges, 20 mg, pastilles 15 mg, xal, 7.5 mg / ml, sharoobada 15 iyo 30 mg / 5 ml; kiniin, 30 mg.
• "Haliksol" - foomka of sharoobada ah, 30 mg / ml oo 10 kiniin, 30 mg.
• "Maddox" - foomka of sharoobada ah, 15 mg / 5 ml oo Alwaaxdii, 30 mg.
• "Deflegmin" - foomka of dhibcood ee maamulka afka, kiniiniyada iyo 0.75%, 30 mg,
• "Suprema-COF" - oo ah qaab kiniin, 30 mg.
• "Mukobron" foomka oyna kaniiniyada, 30 mg.
• "Dhibcood Bronhovern" - xal maamulka gudaha, 7.5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrobene" - oo ah qaab kaabsoosha, 75 mg, xal la isku duro, 7.5 mg / ml, sharoobada, 15 mg / 5 ml; kiniin, 30 mg.
• "Ambrogeksal" - oo ah qaab kaabsoosha, 75 mg, xal neefsasho iyo cunid, 7.5 mg / ml, sharoobada 3 iyo 6 mg / ml oo Alwaaxdii, 30 mg.
• "Ambroxol" - foomka of sharoobada ah, 3 iyo 6 mg / ml, kiniin, kaabsoosha, 30 mg oo 75 mg.
• "Ambrolap" - oo ah qaab kaabsoosha, 75 mg, sharoobada, 15 mg / 5 ml; kiniin, 30 mg, rastvoa ee qaabilaadda gudaha iyo neefsasho, 7.5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrosan" - oo ah qaab kiniin, 30 mg.
• "Ambrosol" - sida sharoobada ah 0.3 iyo 0.6 g / 100 ml.
• "Remebroks" oyna ku sameeyaan sharoobada 30 mg / 5 ml.
• "Ambrotard 75" Foomka oyna of kaabsoosha, 75 mg.
• "Flavamed" - foomka of xal maamulka afka, 15 mg / 5 ml oo Alwaaxdii, 30 mg.
• "Bronhoval" - Kiniinka, 30 mg, Syrup, 15 mg / 5 ml.

Iyadoo ku xiran qaab la sii daayo daroogada, waxaa jira sababo in soo dhawaynta ku salaysan dawooyinka ambroxol. diyaarinta noocan oo kale ah, mucolytics carruurta ka yar 2 sano ku haboon oo keliya haddii qiyaasta oo ah walaxda firfircoon kama badna 3 mg / ml, sida caadiga ah sharoobada ama xal. Kiniinnada kama cabbi kartaa bukaanka da'doodu ka yar tahay 6 sano, kaabsolka - ilaa 14 sano. Sidoo kale, haddii bukaanku aad tahay xasaasiyad in ambroxol, xogta mucolytics laguma qori karo. Waxaa ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka soo raaca daawada - saxarada, kor u kala xab sanka, kaadida oo dhib ah, dareen diidmo oo xasaasiyadeed. Marka uurka waxaa sida caadiga ah ambroksol qorin in bilaha ugu horreeya, iyo taariikh dambe - kaliya on talo dhakhtar.

Halabuurka Mucolytics weheliso

medicaments waxaa ku jira dhowr Walxaha firfircooni kala duwan by tallaabada, kuwaas oo bixiya liquefaction ee xaako, si ay lagu daray ekaysiinta ah "Mucolytics". Marka liiska qufac qalalan oo ah daawooyinka uu dhakhtarku soo qoro liiska hore ku tilmaamay in this article, dhammaystiri karaa daawooyinka soo socda:

• "Sinupret" - macnaheedu waa qaybaha geedka a. Wuxuu ka kooban yahay qayb ka mid ah xidid gentian, ubax primrose iyo sorrel geedo yaryar elderberry iyo vervain. diyaarinta la sameeyo qaab kiniin ama xal khamriga ah. adag Walxaha firfircooni fududeeyaa dheecaan hufan ee xab ka soo JQSHM iyo neef-mareenka sare. Labada daawooyinka ma qaadan karaan carruurta ilaa 6 sano jir iyo dadka qaba deficiency lactase, iyo sidoo kale ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen xasaasiyadda in qaybaha daawooyinka.
• "Rinikold Broncho" - diyaarinta kaas oo lagu daro saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: ambroxol (15 mg), chlorphenamine (2 mg), phenylephrine (5 mg) iyo guaifenesin (100 mg). Sidaas darteed la helo nafwaayay sharoobada this hoos u xab in bronkie, expectoration fudud, tiraa inuu dillaaco, cuncun indhaha iyo sanka, hoos u dhigayaa bararka iyo casaan ah unugyada ee axaleedka of habka neefsashada. Daawada waa u in dubaaxin,, nooca xiran-atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, tayroodh, pheochromocytoma, glaucoma, gastric, adenoma prostate, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, uurka iyo nuujinta, caruurta ka yar 6 sano jir ah xasaasiyad ku qaybood. Waxaad Iskuma wada cabbi kartaan sharoobada la betaadrenoblokatorami, murugada tricyclic noocyada, MAO iyo daroogada oo ka kooban walax la mid ah oo firfircoon sida "Broncho Rinikold".

Ribonuclease oo lagu daweeyo qufaca qalalan

Sida caadiga ah qoray mucolytics dhakhaatiir leh qufac qalalan, liiska oo hore ayaa lagu soo bandhigay, waxaa loo saarin karaa in daawooyinka dhaqanka iyo tijaabiyey by time. Jidka Brand cusub iyo casriga ah ee takhalusaya xab viscous ku jirta marinka neefsashada - isticmaalka ribonuclease ama Alfa dornase. walax Tani waa wax soo saarka hiddo danbeeyay, analoogga ah enzyme dabiiciga ah aadanaha oo mas'uul ka yahay cholesterol ee DNA extracellular.

In joogitaanka cystic fibrosis in bukaan, taas oo ah waxa lagu gartaa-socodka ah isha ku faafa, raasamaal ah oo dheecaanka carow leh nafwaayay sare. Sidaas darteed, bukaanka si daciif ah shaqada neefsashada. In dheecaanka carow ah in tiro badan oo ku jira DNA extracellular. Qurub Kuwan waxaa laga sii daayay leukocytes kharribmayo soo saaray sida hab jawaab ee cudurka oo ay ku nafwaayay sare. Cuskada Ribonuclease DNA hydrolytic by xaakada iyo xab keentay liquefied.

Dornase Alfa waa qayb ka mid ah "Pulmozyme" daroogada, kaasoo lagu soo saaro oo ah qaab xal u neefsado. content arrinta Active - 2.5 mg / 2,5 ml. daroogada ayaa lagu guul leh loo isticmaalo leh cystic fibrosis iyo cudurada sambabada obstructive chronic: xanuun bronchiectasis, COPD, curyaanimo lagu dhasho ee carruurta, pneumonia, lesions neefsashada immunodifitsitnogo qof.

Sababo "Pulmozim" yara. Daawada waa in aan lagu soo qoray in haweenka uurka leh iyo kuwa nuujinaya iyo carruurta ka yar 5 sano. Dhibaatooyinka ay keento in daaweyn jiray qalab this waa dhif iyo yaabaa inay ku dhacaan sida leukemia lymphocytic a foomamka ba'an ee anemia aplastic, qalalka, xanuunka dhanjafka, conjunctivitis, disequilibrium, tachycardia, wadnaha, bradycardia, pneumonia, bronchospasm, cudurada dheefshiidka, dermatitis xasaasiyad, barar angioneurotic, xanuunada uurka iyo umusha, xabad xanuun, tabar.

Loola dhaqmo si dhakhso ah iyo si sax ah

Maqaalkani waxa uu ahaa dib u eegeen by su'aasha ah: "Waa maxay daawooyinka - mucolytics?" List of dawooyinka ugu badan ee kooxdan ayaa loo magacaabay. Waa in si gaar ah loo tilmaamay in isticmaalka daroogada, oo ay qiyaasta, iyo sidoo kale talooyin muddada koorsada daawada iyo suurtagalnimada of bedelay analoogga daroogada - kuwani waa arrimaha waxaa mas'uul ka ah xirfadle caafimaad oo kaliya ka dib markii loogu lafa guro bukaanka. Is-daawo xaalad this waxaa laga yaabaa oo keliya ma aha maax dumin, laakiin sidoo kale keeni karaan saamaynta aan la saadaalin karin ka waxyeellooyinka daroogada horumarinta cudurada raaga. Sidaa darteed, in joogitaanka calaamadaha cudurka ha u dhigin booqasho dhakhtarka. Joog caafimaad!