Mikhail Bulgakov, "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah": kooban iyo falanqaynta

Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii horeyn in qoray Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov - ". Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah" Waxaa si cad u ogan aragtida iyo waxay aaminsan yihiin qoraaga weyn mustaqbalka, sida ka muuqata shuqulladiisa ka dib. Waxaa ka mid ah qaababka ugu muhiimsan in la ogaadaa karo iftiinka iyo kaftan wanaagsan, malaha xataa bikirka gaar ah. Easy ku geesiyaal uu shuqullada Bulgakov.

"Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah," noo sheeg, kuwaas oo go'aansaday in uu iska sooco, ninkaas dhallinyarada daawo. Waxa ay u muuqataa at dhiiran ugu horeysay, ka gaabsadaan, laakiin ugu danbeyn helay qibrad loo baahan yahay, waxaa jira isku kalsooni. Laakiin ugu muhiimsan, in qaadataa qof ugu weyn - masuuliyad aad u weyn in dadka iyo bukaanka wakiillo ka xirfadda. Isagu had iyo laamo ah u silica iyo Masaakiinta, wax kasta oo ay cimilada lama on wadada. Shaqada Bomgard dhigeysa badan oo jacaylka, daryeelka iyo diirimaad taas oo ka caawisa bukaannada soo kabsado.

ninkii ka mid ah "Fiiro gaar ah dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah" eryan ma aha oo kaliya nasiib wacan iyo guul. Muddo markii la joogaba uu ku jiraan dhibaato, taas oo uu ka gudbi karin. Sidaas daraaddeed, dhinto saaxiibkii oo saaxiib Dr. Polyakov ee cutubka "Morphine" ah. In story "Bilizar" gabar ka mid ah mid ka mid ah jilayaasha sidoo kale caawin karin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhakhtarka uusan ka baxsaday dhibaatooyinka adag, ha ka quusanina, oo ku sii socda howlgalka adag - badbaadinta nolosha aadanaha. hal shay oo kaliya sawirrada mammogaraafka ninkii u shaqeeyo - uu awood ka hor inta cudurka xaaqan bukaanka. Had iyo jeer wuxuu isku dayaa inuu baaqbaaq, horumarinta, u bartaan xirfadaha iyo aqoonta cusub. In eray, dhakhtarka tani waa shaqo badan.

Story of this keenay ay abuure, Mihailu Afanasevichu Bulgakovu, fame weyn.

sheekooyin Muuqaallo ka taxanaha ah, kuwaas oo ku qoray Bulgakov, "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah", arrin aan qabyo ahayn, laakiin waxay ku siin Panorama nololeed ee tuulo ku taalla ee gobolka of Smolensk, iyo waqti isku mid ah u muujiyo dabeecadda qoraaga.

"Shukumaan la diiqii"

Bomgard mar yimid meel cusub, isla markiiba soo food leh baahida loo qabo in la fuliyo goynta loo isticmaalo. Nasiib wanaag, hawlgalka guulaysto, kalkaalisada hore u ammaanay oo intaas raaciyay, in, sida muuqata, dhakhtarka leedahay wax badan oo waayo-aragnimo saaraysa. Bomgard jawaabtey gargariirid ah in mar hore laba ka dhigay, oo wuxuu isu eedeysay jiifa.

"Bilizar"

Dhakhtarka ayaa loo diraa tuulo fog oo ku saabsan caqabadaha riixaya iyo duufaanka. fikradda qoraaga sheekada waa mid fudud, waayo, kaasu ma ogola in qofka bukaanka ah in ay diidaan anshaxa caafimaadka, iyadoo aan loo eegin wax caqabado oo jidka dhex taagan, oo aan loo eegayn waxa ay qaadataa.

"Cunaha Steel ee"

Girl masraxa la soo dhaafay ee diphtheria helo ballan dhakhtar. Bomgard, ayeeyo Jaahil caraysan iyo hooyadiis ilmaha, ka dhigaysa tracheotomy iyo gelin dhuunta waqtiga tube steel bukaanka uusan u dhintay dhegto. Sheekadu waxay dhammaanaysaa ka dhigeysa: tuulooyinkii ku wareegsan oo dhan u yimaadeen inay eegto gabar badbaadiyay qastaan, ammaan ee aqoonta in dhakhtarka tosheen kor tube steel cunaha.

"Gudcur dalka Masar"

Bulgakov, "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah" sii sheekadan soo socota, taas oo Caam tilmaamay jaahilnimada yaroow fudud. Waxaa ka hadlaya buka qaba duumo Miller. quinine Dabcan, ayaa qoray iyo xisaabiyaa muddo wiig ah, uu go'aansado inuu ka qaado waqti ah, maxaa yeelay, iyagu ma doonayaan in ay muddo dheer sugaa inuu soo kabsado. Taasi waxa ay noo sheegeen sheekadan Bulgakov.

"Morphine"

"Notes of dhakhtar yar oo" shaqo ee sii "Morphine". Tani story - muqdiga oo dhan ka mid ah ururinta. Waxa uu yahay in xaqiiqda la metalayo ah addict morphine addict mid daroogada, dhakhtarka is-asxaabteena Bomgarda. Bulgakov ahaa mid aad u yaqaanaan this topic, sida uu bur ka gudbay, taas oo ku xidhan walaxda, laakiin helay xoogga in ay ka gudbaan cudurka, ka duwan Polyakova, taas dhakhtar saboolka ah. Multi-page sheekooyinka bixin maskaxda, taas oo la abuuray by Mikhail Bulgakov ( "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah"), waxa ay muujinaysaa naxdin ah ee qabatinka daroogada iyo Poland lama huraan - nabaad moral, luminta saaxiibada iyo kuwa jecel yahay, burbur shakhsiyadda.

"Baabtiisku by jeestay"

Bomgrad waxaa lagu qasbay in ay qaataan dhalashada adag. Oo aan lahayn waayo-aragnimo wax kasta in this, feverishly uu si taxadar leh u akhri ka hor qaliinka ee buuga, laakiin ugu danbeyn dhakhtarku haysto in ay ku tiirsanaadaan oo kaliya uu dareen xirfadeed. Marka aad si ammaan ah ku dhameysatay, mar kale ayuu akhriya kitaabka iyo aragto in dhammaan meesha hore dahsoon ayuu hadda si fiican oo nadiif ah. Book-aragnimo wax ku ool ah ayaa ku tijaabiyey, ayaa sheegay in Bulgakov. The buugga "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah," ayuu hadalkiisa raaciyay sheekadan soo socota.

"La'yahay Eye"

Bomgard in shaqadan koobayaa sannaddii kowaad oo dhaqanka isbitaalka Murevskoy, Hagidda leh qaar ka mid ah la yaab leh in wax badan ayaa isbedelay labada dibadda iyo gudaha, Oo Dib Ugu Yeeray kiisaska cajiib ah oo kala duwan. Haddaba, si ay waayo-aragnimo u mahad, uu cabsi la'aan kiiska cusub, laakiin ka soo kibir xad-dhaaf ah samatabbixinta kali kuwa kaas oo formation xad-dhaaf ah ka hortagtaa isaga inay kala gartaan (tusaale ahaan, dhacdo ka mid ah "seegay" il) cad oo fudud. Dhallinyarada dhakhtarkaaga 23-sano jir ah ayaa yiri: sanad kasta ku soo dejin doonaa kadis ah sida, oo aanu waxbarasho aan abid la joojiyo.

"Finan Starry"

In this story, dhakhtarka ayaa wajahaya Abdilaahi ee syphilis oo si cad u fahamsan yahay in cudurkan laga cabsado leeyahay dabeecad bulshada, taas oo ah sababta waxa uu noqonayaa mid ka adag in ay la tacaalaan ka badan hadyada meejeeda, wax kasta oo kale. Bomgard bilaabo halgan joogto ah iyo muddada dheer la waraabowga, laakiin ugu danbeyn Waa in aan qiro in loogu daweeyo guul u baahan tahay nidaam in ay awoodi karto in ay jebiyaan cabsida cudurka dhex qastaan.

"Waxaan ku dhintay"

Gabagabeysey wareeg ah oo uu abuuray Bulgakov ( "Notes of dhakhtar dhalinyaro ah"), sheekada "Waxaan ku dhinteen." Bomgard isaga u sheegay sheeko Yashvin ah, saaxiibkii, soo bandhigay sida dhakhtar qalliin oo kaliya qori, ma la neerif ah. Sheekada Yashvin meel Kiev ee 1919. Doctor qasab Petliurists qaaday dhakhtarka regimental iyo diyaarin hoose Colonel Leshchenko. Daawashada jirdil, dil, rabshadaha iyo asluubta arxan darada ahaa ee muddada Dagaalkii Sokeeye, Yashvin ugu danbeyn ma ay adag tahay doorashada moral. qiimaha Human waqti isku mid ah kor u riday a anshaxa caafimaadka xirfadeed. Tani waa khilaaf adag, iyada oo la tixgelinayo sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in ay dhacdo ka hor wakiilka ah sida xirfad dadnimo.