Marshal AI Egorov:. Biography, taariikhda, sawiro

Alexander Yegorov ku dhashay October 25, 1883kii in magaalada yar ee Buzuluk. Waxa uu ahaa kii ugu yaraa, ilmaha afraad ee qoyska caadiga ah. Ma jirin wax calaamado ah in wiilka sameeyey xirfadiisa ciyaareed cajiib ah in dalka gebi ahaanba kala duwan waxay noqon doontaa Marshal Ciidanka Cas. Oo weliba waxaa dhacay.

formation

Future Marshal Egorov soo bilaabo yaraantooda ku riyoon jiray xirfadiisa a military (dhab ahaantii, aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa mid sirkaal ah). In 1902, nin dhallinyaro ah soo galay dugsiga arday lugta ku Kazan. Study la siiyey ninkii dhallinyarada si fudud. Barnaamijka ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa xisaabta, luqadda Ruush, chemistry, physics, sharciga Ilaah, barbaro, luuqadaha ajnebiga (Faransiis doortay Egorov). Waxa sidoo kale jira maadooyinka military gaar ah: .. The xeeladaha guud ahaan, taariikhda military, muuqaalka guud ee dhulka, maamulka military, madaafiic, siminaaro badan, iwm The workshops Junkers bartay aasaaska hubka.

Soviet Marshal Egorov ahaa askari mustaqbalkiisa Sharaf dugsiga reer boqor. In ka sano ee uu tababarka ee School Kazan ee dhacdooyin aad u waaweyn dhacay: War Ruush-Japanese iyo kacaanka ugu horeeyay, taas oo bilaabay ka dib markii Sunday dhiig ee St. Petersburg. halsano Gudaha ee Empire ma saameyn ku yeelan kartaa niyadda ah ee arday. Dugsiga waxaa loo kala qaybiyey laba kooxood, oo monarchists iyo mucaaradka. Tag bakeerigaagu ee la soo dhaafay ku biiray kooxda iyo mustaqbalka Marshal Egorov. Sannado badan ka dib uu xusay in buugiisa in tan iyo 1904, la wadaago aragtida ah Socialist-kacaan.

Dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka

Study Yegorov dhamaaday April 1905 markii uu ku dalacsiiyay Sarreeye oo u tegey si ay ugu adeegaan ee 13-Life Grenadier Ciidankii Erivan. xirfadiisa sarkaal ee sida wanaagsan ugu socda. Its dabcan ka yeellay diiday ka dib dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. In darajo kabtanka mustaqbalka Marshal Egorov uu helay ay baabtiiskii dab dagaalka ku Galician ee Front South-Western. weerarkii ugu horreeyay oo uu ka qayb lagu qabtay August 13, 1914 oo dagaalka ku jira ee Bousquet. Dagaal soor ayaa dhamaaday ka saareen labo cadow oo afkiisa.

Si ka duwan saraakiil kale oo badan, Egorov isku dayeen in ay is ogow of Colkiisii. Ma uusan jeclaan geesinimo ku quus iyo sabab, natiijada oo kaliya kuwaas oo noqon kara dhimasho aan waxtar lahayn. Waayo, mid, kaliya sannaddii kowaad oo ahaa sirkaalkii dagaalka helay afar abaalmarinta. Later ay soo biiray by dadka kale: Order ee St. Stanislaus degree 2 nd, iyo sidoo kale sharaf hubka St. George ee.

Laakiin waxaa jiray "abaal" oo kale, kuwaas oo la gudoonsiiyey mustaqbalka Marshal Egorov. ciidamada Biography sii dhamaystirnayn oo aan Xusuuso ah oo dhaawacyo dhowr ah. Bishii Agoosto 1914, laba todobaad ka dib ka dillaacay colaad in sarkaalka u dhow Logivitsa helay rasaas qoriga ah ka degay faydi. Ninka dhaawacmay ayaa la soo saaray Isbitaalkii hore. Bishii Abriil 1915, oo u dhow tuulada Zarinis Egorova maskaxda daran qarax gano. Isla mar, isagu ma uu isbitaalka joogto ah. Taasi waxaa xigay laba maskaxda ka badan. Sarkaal miyir laga saarey in ay gadaal ka. Waxa uu weli ku soo laabtay safka hore, inkastoo lameness ka muuqata.

In May 1916 Egorov dhigay sirkaal markii ugu horeysay intii uu socday dagaal u cid diray in xaggiisa dambe. Seconded noqday Taliyaha Guutada 4aad, iyo 196th lugta Reserve Ciidankii, oo ku yaalla Tver.

Xagga kacaanka

Dhamaadkii 1916 raacay by ballan cusub. Egorov bilaabay inuu amro oo ciidankii 132nd lugta Bendersky, qaadataa meel on Dvina Galbeed. Waqtigaas, Alexander Ilyich - horeba nin Colonel ah. In awood this uu kula kulmay kacaanka February ah. Front gaar ahaan xasaasi ah inaad wararka ka hore guriga. Ciidamada ka daaleen dagaal iyo dhiig dagaal dheer iyo falayaal daadiyaan.

askar iyo saraakiil la rajada badan oo jiido siyaasadda, isagoo filanaya in xukuumadda cusub si dhaqso ah u horseedi doono dalka si nabad. Waxaan ahaa marka laga reebo lahayn iyo meel aan weli qaaday, Marshal Egorov. Taliyaha Military (ka dib markii Revolution February) si rasmi ah ugu biiray Socialist-kacaan. Waxa xiiso leh, in xilligii Soviet, Georgy Zhukov , in warqaddiisii uu u Voroshilov xusuustay sida dayrta ee 1917 Aleksandr Egorov si cad loo yaqaan dalxiisto Vladimir Lenin iyo basaas Jarmal.

Going in Ciidanka Cas

Iyada oo soo socda si ay awood of Bolsheviks ee dalka ahayd on qarka u dagaal sokeeye. Bishii December 1917 Egorov gaaray Petrograd oo ku biiray Ciidanka Cas. Sida sarkaal khibrad leh, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay guddiga kasaarka iyo korsashada shaqaalaha cusub. At mustaqbalkiisa marxaladan Egorov ahaa gacanta midig madaxa waaxda military ee Avelya Guddiga Fulinta Dhexe Enukidze. Old Bolshevik (ee xisbiga ka 1898) qiimeeyo ee awooda iyo tamarta ee kornayl dhallinyarada.

In guga ee 1918 Egorov ma aha oo kaliya kormeero shaqada on guddiga dib-u-qiimeynta (iyada oo u, tusaale ahaan, waxa uu ahaa sarkaal boqornimada tayo iyo hami Mikhail Tukhachevsky - mid ka mid ah shan horjoogayaal ugu horeysay ee Midowga Soofiyeeti), laakiin sidoo kale ay wadahadal la gashey sarrifka maxbuus Jarmalka. Waxa uu sidoo kale si joogto ah xiriir la wakiilada ururka Laanqayrta Cas.

At madaxa Army 9aad

August 31, 1918 mustaqbalka Marshal Midowga Soofiyeeti Egorov gudbiyay codsi ah la codsiga inaan isaga diro ciidanka, diriray Dagaalkii Sokeeye. Maalin ka hor eserka dhacdo this Fanny Kaplan, sameeyey guulaysan isku day on Lenin. Shot agagaarka warshadda Michelson u horseeday in bilowgii argagixisada ka dhanka ah iyada xisbiga. Egorov qudhiisu ka qarxay la Socialist-kacaan in July, oo beerta ku biiray RKP ee (b). Waxa uu ahaa nasiib "beddeli dabcan" wax yar ka hor ka tirsan ee SF-kacaan laga yaabo dulli iyo halaag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka auknulos military ee la soo dhaafay SR u badan ka dib, marka in Stalin ee 30-kii bilaabay dhan-baxay nadiifinta ee Army Cas.

Bishii Agoosto 1918, isla Egorov ah ayaa loo magacaabay Taliyaha Ciidanka 9aad, ku simaha on hore ee koonfurta. Waxay ahayd on goobta Kamyshin - Novohopersk iyo ka tarjumaysaa saamaynta guud ee Krasnov. Halka sarkaalka ka helay ballan dheer la sugayay, White Balashov jaray tareenka ee. Iyada oo xaaladda si aan muhiim ahayn oo la kulantay mustaqbalka Marshal Egorov. ciidamada Biography durba ka buuxaan noocyo kala duwan oo hawlaha on Lugbuur ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, oo sidaas daraaddeed taliyaha, ma yara yaabiyay, wuxuu bilaabay inuu dib u soo celinta ee status quo.

Hawsha ugu wayn ee Egorov ahaa habeeyn buuxda oo Army 9aad. In muddo gaaban, si ay tamar u gaar ah iyo dadaal mahad uu ahaa awoodaan si ay u abuuraan this formation cusub oo ah ciidan badan oo hufan. Bilaabay howl firfircoon on tilmaamaha Sebryakovsky iyo Filonovsky. Thanks to gargaar oo ka mid ah daafacyada 9 Army Tsaritsyn ay awoodaan si ay u difaacaan magaalada istaraatiiji ah oo muhiim ah.

mooyee Tsaritsyn

Bishii Oktoobar, Taliyaha ciidanka ahayd si dhab ah u jirran, oo isagu wuxuu lahaa tiirka laba bilood ah ee isbitaalka. In Golaha, in uu helay shaqo cusub. 10-Army ahaa a unit taatikada cusub, madax Marshal Egorov. Waa Darajooyin guulaysteen mid kale oo kasta oo kale ka dib markii, laakiin meel kasta oo cusub ciidamada had iyo cashar aad ugu badan u gaar ah. Haddaba dhibaato halis cusub isaga wajahay - Tsaritsyn mooyee, waxaa mar kale gacmaha caddaanka.

December 19, 1918 daawo Egorov u baxay inuu ka hor. Inkasta oo taliyaha ahaa ee isbitaalka, oo uu meel ku meel gaar ah degan Nikolay Khudyakov (iyo shot ka dib). In Tsaritsyn nabdoonaa aad u liidata. Ma shaqeeyaan, mana Helin Koox (kale oo aan ahayn warshad qori). Ururka xisbiga City abaabuli 5000 oo qof, laakiin awoodda aadanaha weli ma ku filan. Dagaalka ayaa socday in agagaarkeeda. jid tareen, jidadka iyo warshadaha si joogto ah duqeeyeen. January 19, 1919 Whites isku dayeen in ay tagaan on baraf Volga iyo gebi ahaanba oon ku hareerayn magaalada.

Egorov bilaabay inuu counterattack ururka. doorka Key waxa uu ciyaaray qeyb ka awr hoos amarka Boris Dumenko. January 22 bilaabeen weerarka, oo dhaliyay goolkii ugu weyn waxay ahayd in ay jebiyaan oo hore iyo gadaal ah ee socdaan cad. In dagaalka ugu horeeyay ee u dhow beerta si toos ah alwaaxdii saqafka haysay cas degeen shan cadowga regiments awr. Waxaa u suurtogashay in ay jebiyaan galay Davydovka. January 28 waxaa yimid, Marshal Egorov. abaalmarinta The, taas oo uu ku helay xilligii czarist, ayaa gebi ahaanba u qalmay. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan si ay u gaaraan horumar degdeg ah oo dagaalka ku jira loogu talogalay Tsaritsyn. In Davydovka Egorov waxaan arkay Budenny, kuwaas oo bedelay Dumenko si xun u xanuunsan.

Nabarka iyo laabto hawlgal

April 4, 1919, Lenin diray dhambaal uu magaca Egorova, taas oo u hambalyeeyay geesiyaal Army 10aad la guulaha ee xilli qaboobaha. Dhanka kale, ee koonfurta xoojiyeen ciidanka Denikin ee, iyo xagga bari waxay bilaabeen in ay weerar Kolchak. farsamooyinkooda waxay ku shiidaa reebtay ka Natiijooyinka Army Red of Tsaritsyn. In May 1919, in dagaal kale oo ku saabsan bangiyada webiga Sal mustaqbalka Marshal of Egorov USSR ah (la Dumenko) waxaa dhaawac halis ah oo in muddo ah ka maqnaa garoomada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidanka maalintaas u suurtagashay in ay ku guuleysato. guushan Behind waa taliyaha ugu sarreeya ahayd waqti in abaalmarinta Bolshevik military - Order ee Banner Cas.

Egorov dhowr toddobaad qaatay in isbitaalada of Saratov iyo Moscow. In July, ayuu horteeda soo noqdeen oo keentay Army 14aad. Markaas, in October 1919 - January 1920, Alexander Ilyich noqday taliyaha Front koonfurta. Wuxuu ayaa loo xil saaray in ay waqtiga ugu daran ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye. White, sida abid, waxay ahaayeen in ku dhow Moscow. October 13 waxay qaateen Eagle ah. Xarunta Koonfurta Front waqtiga waxaa ku yaalla Serpukhov dhow Moscow. Xaaladda ahaa mid aad u halis ah. Guuldaradii ugu of Moscow ay keeni karaan guul darradii ugu dambeeya ee Bolsheviks ah.

At madaxa Front koonfurta

In kasta oo wax kasta, Marshal Egorov Alexander Ilyich ma hoos gacmihiisa. On initiative Lenin ee, uu ka soo qaadeen iibsiga ee West Front oo ka mid ah qoriga Division Latvia, guutada awr lugta Brigade Pavlov ee Primakov, iyo sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah qaybaha kale ee PBC ah. From hodgepodge this komandyuzh abuuray koox shaqo joojinta gaar ah. Waxa ay ahayd in ay gravedigger ee caddaanka guusha.

dagaal dhaxaysey bilaabay Kromy iyo Eagle. 13-kii, 14-kii Army iyo kooxda dagaalka ka qarxay guryaha Alexandrov Kutepov. Sidaa daraadeed waxaa la fashiliyay weerar Denikin. Dhinaca kale, weerar kale ku amray Budyonny jihada Voronezh adkaaday dhowr iaydoo faras cad. October 25 Kacaanka Golaha Military ee Front koonfurta, dhambaal uu si Lenin, kaas oo sheegay in guushii dheer la sugayay in ka badan dhufayska ugu weyn ee ay counter-kacaanka diray. fariin ayaa waxaa ku saxiixnaa Stalin iyo Yegorov.

December 12, Army Cas xoreeyay Kharkov, oo 16 ka mid ah - Kiev. Bishii Janaayo 1920, Rostov cad waxaa ka bariyeelay. Tan iyo markii ay ciidamada Front Southern sameeyaa ay hawsha iyo adkaaday Army Volunteer Denikin ee. Dabcan, kaalin weyn in ay guul this ayaa Alexander Egorov. Marshall dambe ku qoray a xusuus faahfaahsan maalmaha guul iyo guul ku Dagaalkii Sokeeye.

In Petrograd

Bilowga ee 1921 Egorov loo doortay ku xigeenka ka mid ah X Congress ee xisbiga shuuciga ah. Bishii Abriil, wuxuu noqday taliyaha Degmada Military Petrograd ah. In meel this, ciidamada ku sugnaa ilaa September 1921. In Petrograd Yegorov waxay lahayd in marka hore la cawaaqibka caasinimo Kronstadt qaban. baxriyiintii ayaa si toos ah caasiyoobeen intii lagu Congress X. Waayo, Bolsheviks waxay ahayd dharbaaxo daran. Egorov bilaabay in ay dib u nidaamin shaqada Party iyo siyaasadeed ee militariga.

Kooxda ayaa sidoo kale la dagaallamay gaajo, cadaabi Petrograd. Iyadoo in ka bixi xadka dhabta ah, wuxuu sameeyay maamulka cusub ilaalada xudduudaha (si gooni gooni ah soohdinta Finnish iyo Latvia-Istooniyaan). Taasi waxaa xigay remapping - first on hore Western, ka dibna ciidanka Caucasian Krasnosnamyonnay.

sano nabad ah

In 1931, Alexander Ilich loo magacaabay Chief of Staff Ciidanka Cas. In xilkaan, mid ka mid ah shan horjoogayaal ah marka hore uu noqday. darajadana ku xiga Army Red la siiyey Yegorov ma ahan oo kaliya. Inta lagu jiro sannadaha ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye, waxa uu ahaa dhab ah geesiga-Union. Alexander Ilyich iska Galaxy ee Guud, been abuurtay guusha ee la caddaanka dagaal lagu hoobtay.

Sida Chief of Staff Ciidanka Cas ee nabadda Yegorov madax shaqo weyn oo qorshe ah oo dib u dhiska farsamo oo ka mid ah ciidamada qalabka sida. dhibaatada casriyeynta waa ba'an ee bilowga ah ee 30-ka. Markaasaa Golaha Military Kacaanka ee USSR Xarunta Army Red amartay in la sii wado si ay dib-u-qalabka iyo dib u dhiska. Report on natiijada this shaqo muhiim diyaariyey koox takhasus soo xulay. kooxda ayaa waxaa madax u Marshal Egorov.

naagtiisa Military Galina Tseshkovsky xaaskaaga taageeray marxalad kasta oo uu naftiisa (ay is qabaan dib ugu times Saarka). Waxaan ahaa marka laga reebo ma jiro iyo inta uu joogo xarunta dhexe ee ciidamada Cas. In meel this, Egorov hadhay rikoor waqti dheer. Xirfadiisa oo dhan ka koobnaa si joogto ah u dhaqaaqin iyo beddelo hawlaha. Chief of Staff, isaga ku sugnaa ilaa 1935, markii uu noqday Taliyaha Shaqaalaha Guud.

Opal iyo Cadaab

In May 1937, Midowga Soofiyeeti, Marshal Egorov ayaa casaan ka post ee Chief of Staff Guud ee Ciidanka Cas (uu bedelay Boris Shaposhnikov). Alexander Ilyich noqday ku xigeenka commissar Difaaca. In 1937, isbeddel ah ee ciidanka qaaday dabeecad mass. Waxay ugu dhakhsaha badan caddaatay in ay ahaayeen Teegeero u denbigana cabsi badan oo ka tirsan ciidamada Cas. In macnaha guud ee buuxieyey ee xaaladda siyaasadeed ee Europe (Germany, naasiga in ay awood u yimid, dalalka ganacsade in ay qaataan jagooyinka, Old World la rogrogo socdo dagaal weyn) Stalin go'aansaday si aad u nadiifiso ilaa Army Cas.

dhabarjab ugu weyn kuwa ku sameeyey mustaqbalkooda in Dagaalkii Sokeeye dhacay. In 30-ka, dadkaas degan jagooyinka muhiimka ah ee Army Cas. Cawo xagga Stalin ahaa sinnayn. geesiyaal "Citizen" isku da 'ahaayeen Koba, waxay xaq u leeyihiin in ay ka fiirsan moral sida ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah eid ka. Stalin dhisay talisnimada. Sidaas daraaddeed kibir leh, oo madax banaan ciidankii isaga ka Cabsada. madow waxay ahayd Stalin iyo Marshal Egorov. "Family" Bolsheviks jir, kuwaas oo u qaybsan godod ka socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee, ee la soo dhaafay. First xagga Egorova ku dhacday dhaleeceyn dadweynaha ee hoggaamiyaha. Markaasaa waxaa u timid opalka dhabta ah.

Masiirka ah ee wax qora in uu sanadkii la soo dhaafay waxaa jiray a dhibanayaasha argagixiso Stalin caadiga ah. Egorov nidaamsan transposes jagooyinka cusub, ka yar la arki karo oo muhiim ah. Bishii Janaayo 1938, waxa uu ahaa dhab ahaantii link a. Yegorov loo diray amrayo Degmada Military Transcaucasian ah. Waxa ay ahayd inuu u dhaqaaqo caadiga ah ee Stalin. Tusaale ahaan, wax yar ka hor fulinta Tukhachevsky kaliya diray gobolka Volga ah.

Iyadoo Yegorov qaaday arrimaha ee Caucasus, ee Moscow isaga sii daruuraha la soo dhaafay. February 8, 1938, waxaa la xiray naagtiisa Galina Tseshkovsky. Haweenaydii Marshala Egorova ahaa dhibane dabiiciga ah ee argagixisada. Sida caadiga ah, NKVD ugu horeysay waxay kor u qaadeen qoyska ka tirsan aadanaha, taas oo uu bixiyo calaamad madow.

on 21 February ee Moscow ayaa waxaa u yeedhay Marshal Egorov. Haweenaydii ayaa la xiray, laakiin waa u nasiib xun bilaw ayuun bay ahayd ee burburka qoysaska ciidamada. Aleksandra Ilicha ayaa lagu xiray magaalada on March 27. Waxaa isaga soo diray in Lubyanka ah. Waxaa jira legend la xaqiijin in July 1938 Dadka commissar of Yezhov NKVD si Stalin liiska hit soo socda. Waxa ay ahayd 139 magacyada in warqad this. Stalin kula heshiiyey toogashada ee 138, laakiin ku dhuftay, Magaca Egorov. Waayo, taariikhyahanadu waxa wali aan la garanayn, waxa ay ahayd sababta go'aankan. Mid ka mid ah ama qaab kale, laakiin Marshal Egorov, photos of taas oo ka joogsadeen in ay u muuqdaan in articles wargeyska, uu ku noolaa oo xabsi ah lix bilood oo kale.

February 22, 1939 Maxkamadda Sare ee Rugta Soviet Sare ku dhawaaqay xukunka ay dhacdo ciidamada. Marshall lagu eedeeyay abaabulida shirqool military iyo basaasnimo. Maxkamadda ayaa lagu helay dambi Egorova. Marshal lagu toogtay maalinta ku xigta. Waxay ahayd on February 23 - Maalinta Ciidanka Cas iyo Navy.

Wada jir ah ula Egorov noloshooda, xirfadlayaasha badan siiyey. Ugu site ee askartii oo ah Taliska Sare ee Ciidanka Cas sameeyay bannaan oo taagmi indhuhu. Cawaaqibta denbigana ciidanka saameeyeen aad ugu dhakhsaha badan. Horeba 1941, Patriotic War Weyn. Taasi waa marka dalka dareemay la'aanta ah ee shaqaalaha u tababaran. Ku dhowaad dhammaan xubnaha Kooxda laga qoray dhalinyarada qudhiisu u diyaar garoobin. Stalin, in taam ah oo shaki badan oo ku saabsan kuwaas oo toogtay ubaxa oo ciidankiisa, tagay oo aan reserve shaqaalaha ah. Natiijada jeedo this noqday khasaare weyn ee Marxaladda koowaad ee Patriotic War Weyn. Inta lagu jiro iska hor imaad oo dhan la Reich Saddexaad ee Ciidanka Cas baahnaydeen xirfado iyo waayo-aragnimo Aleksandra Egorova.