Louvre shaqeeya: farshaxankiisa, Sidaana, frescoes

Louvre Museum dunida caanka ah ayaa soo jiidata malaayiin dalxiisayaal ah sanad kasta. Shuqullada Louvre ah - waxaa si fiican u soo ururiyey ururinta ah oo kuu ogolaanaya in aad loo raad raaco taariikhda oo dhan tahay. Waxaa jira masterpieces la dafiri karin, taas oo waa in ay ogaadaan oo arag ugu yaraan hal mar in uu naftiisa nin walba, isagoo sheegay in la sameeyay.

Louvre saldhig

Louvre ah - August 10, 1793 ayaa markii ugu horeysay albaabbadeedii oo mid ka mid ah matxafyada ugu muhiimsan ee dunida furay. Fikradda ah ee abuuraya museum dadweynaha la soo bandhigay shuqullada tahay soo baxay ka dib markii Revolution Faransiis ah, marka waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay ku riday ee qiimaha leh boqornimada soo bandhigay. Laga soo bilaabo maalintii kacaanka xukuumadda qaranka bilaabeen inay la wareegaan shuqullada tahay ka aristocracy ah, sidaas darteed waxay ahayd bilowgii ururinta museum ee. In yar sano waxa uu soo ururiyay tiro badan oo ah qiimaha, si ay u soo-gaadhista lahaa dhismaha u waasac ah, taas oo noqotay qalcaddii jir.

dhismaha Louvre

shuqullada Louvre u baahan tahay wax badan oo meel, iyo indhaha oo ka mid ah qabanqaabiyeyaasha museum waxay u leexatay xagga madaxtooyada madhan weyn dhexe ee Paris. dhismaha ayaa waxa uu leeyahay taariikh dheer. Waayo, qalbiga Louvre waa noobiyad weyn, ka dhisay 1190. Ujeeddadiisu waxay ahayd da'deeda oo loo adeegayaa - height ah uga socdo dhowaanin Viking. In 1317, Charles Fifth ka dhigaysa qalcaddii sida uu deganaansho, halkan sidoo kale u dhaqaaqay khasnaddii Paris. Inta lagu guda jiro sano ee hawlgalka ku jiray munaaraddii jir waa duqoobay oo la burburiyey, ayaa in ka badan in qalcaddii badiyay shaqo daafac oo noqday guri boqornimada. Francis ugu horeysay ee 1546 ku Aaminto shaqada si Pierre Lescot. Waxay ahayd hawsha dib u dhiska qalcaddii, taas oo ka dhigaysa hoyga dhab ah isaga ka soo hor. naqshadeeye soo jeedinayso in ay dhisaan barxadda square ah, saddex dhinac ee kuwaas oo lagu qurxiyey nasasho raaxo leh iyo kii afraad - helitaanka u furan bartamaha magaalada. Marka dhise nolosha u suurtagashay in ay ku dhameysan dhismaha kaliya garabka galbeed, oo maanta magiciisa furaa. Isaga oo mashruuca in ay nolosha u yimid in 1555 oo noqday tusaale qurxoon ee Renaissance naqshadaha. ee 1594 Henry IV go'aansaday in aad u baahan tahay in ay ku xidhmaan Louvre si Palace Tuileries ah. In sano ee 1655-1670 lui Prevo ballaarinaya Palace iyo koror afar laab. Marka Louis XIV tolnimo bari la sameeyo giraarka, waxaa soo jiidata badan oo injineero Yurub si fiican u yaqaan, laakiin 1682, lumiya xiisaha mashruuca iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa joogitaan Versailles. Ku dhawaad boqol sano Louvre madhan, oo duqoobay, oo xitaa waxaa fikrad ee ay xasuuqeen. Louis XV fikiray si ay u abuuraan matxaf jooga daarta, inuu fikradda waxaa la hirgeliyey ka dib markii kacaanka.

Under Napoleon koowaad dhisay waqooyiga Aamino, iyo in 1853, oo dhan adag Louvre la dhameeyey. In 1891 oo la sameeyey image ee madaxtooyada, kaas oo aan maanta arko. Manhajkooda soo dhaafay naqshadda waaweyn ayaa ka dhacay 1989, markii Ahraamta galaas la dhisay ee barxadda naqshadeeyaha ugu American Io Ming PEEM - galo kan ugu weyn matxafka.

uruuriyaa Louvre: taariikhda iyo mabaadii'da

Oo shuqulladaadii hore ee Louvre waxay bilaabeen inay xataa soo kulmiyo dhammaantood markuu Louis XIV, kan ruuxa uu waqti bilaabay inuu abuuro ururinta tahay. The salaysan ururinta ka kooban yahay farshaxankiisa by fannaaniinta Talyaani, iibsaday Francis koowaad. Louis XIV iibsaday ururinta badan oo farshaxankiisa (200 farshaxankiisa) ee toads banker. King waxaa had iyo jeer raadinaya fursad ay ku buuxin uu ururinta. Waxa uu kor u fund ee matxafka mustaqbalka in 2,500 oo farshaxankiisa, heleen gogo 'kala duwan ee farshaxanka. Ka dib markii kacaanka, ururinta matxafka bilaabaa inuu ka buuxsameen hantida lala wareegay. Museum Louvre waxaa loo wareejiyay fund ee farshaxan. Inta lagu jiro conquests Napoleonic lacag Louvre si firfircoon uga buuxsameen by koobab, ay sabab u tahay excavations qaddiimiga ah ee Masar iyo Bari. Sidoo kale, maamulka matxafka, lacag u gaar ah, waxaa ka shaqeeya doorashada iyo iibsiga shuqullada tahay. waxaa ururinta aysan iskooda sameeyay, xulashada shuqullada tahay waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa qiime, masterpieces kaliya u yimid inuu Louvre ah. aruuriya badan oo la taaban karo ay dardaarmeen inuu ururinta Louvre. Sidaas daraaddeed, in 1936, matxafka helay ururinta hadiyad ka mid ah muuqaallo kale ee Baron Edmonda Rotshilda ah xaddiga ka badan 45 kun oo bandhigaa. Sidoo kale fiiro weyn la siiyaa kulan tahay qaranka Faransiiska. Maanta, in Louvre ah, waxaa jira qiyaastii 400 bandhigaa iyo ururinta sii soconayo in loo sameeyay. In la xidhiidha koritaanka lacagta dhamaadka qarnigii 20-bilaabmaa qaybin firfircoon shuqullada tahay inta u dhaxaysa matxafyada ee France. Louvre taariikhda ururinta iyo guumaysta kooban oo 1848, iyo farshaxankiisa more dhawaan kala firdhiyey in uu uruuriyaa oo kale.

Maanta ururinta matxafka ayaa conventionally qaybsan kooxo: farshaxanka East qadiimiga, qadiimiga Masar, dunida qadiimiga ah, farshaxanka islaamka, rinjiyeynta, sawirka, fanka iyo farsamada.

Art of World da'da

Inta badan ururinta museum ka kooban yahay waxyaabaha farshaxanka qadiimiga ah. Shuqullada Louvre ee waaxda farshaxanka qadiimiga ah ay metalayaan dhowr gobol. Qayb weyn oo ka mid ah ururinta ka kooban yahay waxyaabaha laga helay inta lagu jiro excavations ee Masar, iyo waa shaqsi caan ah Ramses II, farshaxan ah "Fadhiga cat", sphinxes, sarcophagi, pottery, dahabka iyo wax ka badan, oo ay ku jiraan farshaxanka derbiga, reliefs, xubno gudaha. Art of Orient Baydka waa a collection of shuqullada farshaxanka dhaqamada Mesabotaamiya, Iran, Mediterranean.

Masterpieces of farshaxan oo qaraami ah

The salaysan ururinta farshaxan uu ka kooban yahay barashada afku ee Louis XIV. Maanta in ururinta museum ee waa masterpieces run, sida "Venera Milosskaya" - farshaxan ah oo soo jiidata martida badan. Inta badan waa in ay arkaan masterpiece this, dalxiisayaal u yimid inuu Louvre ah. shaqo kale oo muhiim ah wakhtiyadii hore waa farshaxan ah "Nika Samofrakiyskaya", kaas oo la helay iyo in Paris celiyey aadmka a Faransiis Shampuazo. Muddada Roman waxaa wakiil u tiro badan oo Sidaana, Bas-reliefs, gabayga waa. Yard of farshaxan qadiimiga ah ee Louvre ah, taarikhiga ah saqafka galaaska, jidaynayey si indho la'aan dunida ka mid ah wada noolaanshaha iyo si kaamil ah galay.

Legacy of Leonardo da Vinci

soo jiidashada gaar ah dalxiisayaasha iyo farshaxanka ku caashaqay waa rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa". In museum badan yimaadaan oo kaliya si aad u aragto iyada oo dhoola dahsoon. Laakiin kale oo aan ahayn, Louvre ku faanaa afar shaqooyin kale oo ay ku sayid weyn. No wax ka yar ku ool ah, laakiin wax yar ka yar si fiican u yaqaan waa shuqulkii "Virgin dhagaxyada." Shaqada Tani waxaa la abuuray ee 80s ee qarnigii 15aad, waxa uu ku yaalaa ururinta reer boqor ee 1625. Waxaa la kala duwanaayeen ah muuqaalkii qoro fiican ka dambeeya jilayaasha, halkan qoraaga isku dayo farsamooyinka la ka dib si buuxda u codsato qoraal "Mona Lisa". "Virgin dhagaxyada" - taasi waa version ugu horeysay ee shaqada ku saabsan arrintan, version labaad waa in Museum ee London. Sidoo kale Louvre waa hagaagsan faani shuqullada sida "sawirka naag dhalinyaro ah," "Madonna oo Child la St. Anna "iyo" Ioann Krestitel. "

Masterpieces of Classics dunida

Louvre - mid ka mid ah matxafyada ugu weyn dunida oo dhan, iyo ammaanta, dabcan, ka koobnaan masterpiece ah baaxadda Planetary. Waxaa ka mid ah, ugu horrayn waxa weeyi, "Mona Lisa" by Leonardo da Vinci, laakiin sidoo kale waxaad ka arki kartaa shaqo ku taalba ah Teodora Zheriko "huuri ee Medusa", dhowr shuqullada Zhaka siedmeho, gaar ahaan, "The dabaaldega ah Napoleon". sidoo kale shaqo Rare I. Bosch ee "Ship of Nacasyadu" waa jawharad ah ururinta museum ee. Louvre waa mulkiilaha ugu faraxsanahay of canvases S. Botticelli, Raphael, Memling H., A. Dürer iyo kuwo kale oo badan. In waaxda farshaxan hits oo muuqda jira laba shuqullada by Michelangelo: "Addoon U dhimashada" iyo "The addoon mucaaradka".

tahay Faransiis

The ururinta tahay qaran ee Louvre ah oo wakiil ka ah dhammaan xilliyada iyo noocyada kala duwan ee hal-abuurka. The ururinta masterpieces badan, waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, rinjiyeynta ka Ezhena Delakrua, "Liberty Leading Shacabka." Waxaa si sax ah u gudbiyo niyadda ah in adkaaday ee dalka xilligii kacaankii. Waxay noqday calaamad u ah farshaxanka cusub iyo Jamhuuriyadda. farshaxanka caaga ah ee dalka ka wakiil yahay, oo ay ku jiraan tirada of cayaaraha Greek marmar ah. "Milo of Croton la libaax" - shaqo la taaban karo by sculptor Faransiiska Pierre Puget in style ka mid ah sayidkooda qadiimiga ah. Shaqo muujin shacuurta naxdin iyo xooggii dareen. "Milo libaaxa Croton" muujinaysaa goobta silica cajiib ah, xoogga ciyaaryahan ah iyo ruuxa.

muuqaallo kale

In ururinta graphic ah Louvre heli Bole 130 kun bandhigaa. Ilaa qolalka, kuwaas oo guud ahaan ma gaari dalxiisayaal ah ayaa halkan connoisseurs run. Indeed, in ururinta Louvre ee buugaag badan, sawiro, qora qorayaasha adduunka ugu fiican. Oo ay ku jiraan sawiro H. Rembrandt, Jean Chardin, Delacroix.

Farshaxanka iyo farsamada gacanta

kibirka A gaarka ah ee matxafka waa a collection of Farshaxanka iyo farsamada gacanta. Waxayaabaha decoration, qurxinta, dharka, maacuunta ka jireen waagii kala duwan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in qolalka dhowr ah oo Louvre ah. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u soo jiidatay dareenka of guryaha Napoleon III. Halkan Alaab dhamaystiran iyo decoration hoolka rasmi ah ee style ee Louis afar iyo tobnaad iyo tobankeeda iyo shan. Halkan waxa aad ka arki kartaa alaabta guriga a raaxo leh, suxuunta, decoration guriga. Laakiin sidoo kale museum uu tusaalooyin fiican ee hubka iyo isku sharraxdid Celinta iyo boqornimadii Napoleon koowaad. Of danta waa weyn yahay ururinta maacuunta, waxyaabaha madaxtooyada iyo isku sharraxdid times of Gothic, Baroque, Talyaaniga iyo Faransiiska Renaissance. Alaabta ururinta ee Louvre waa mid ka mid ah adduunka ugu fiican.

Maxaa si aad u aragto

Si aad u aragto oo dhan oo ka mid ah Bandhigyada Louvre ah, kuma filna muddo dhowr bilood ah, iyo haddii ay si taxadar leh loo kormeero, iyo dhowr sano. Laakiin marka aad ma la siin karaa matxafka sida waqtiga ugu badan ee aad u baahan tahay in aad ka fikirto wadada iyo ka jawaabaan su'aasha ah in aad ka maqnaan karaa? Waxaa horumariyo safar of Louvre ah, taasoo waxa ugu muhiimsan doonaa. Dalxiisayaasha yaacaya ee masterpieces museum weyn ee ku yaaliin ee hoolalka hore ee laga galo, waxaana jira calaamado gaar ah, ma aha in laga badiyay. Laakiin shuqulkooda oo qaar ka mid istaahila in fiiro, waxaa la geeyaa qaybaha ku habboon, sidaas Ezhena Delakrua rinjiyeynta "Liberty Leading Dadka", waa in ururinta tahay Faransiis. Sidaas daraaddeed aad u baahan tahay si aad u hesho oo ay maraan jidkii on circuit museum iyo ka heli qolka midig. Qorsheyaasha soo saaray galo oo lacag la'aan ah oo ku qoran luqado dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan Ruush.

Si aan si lumaan in meel bannaan oo ugu badan oo aan arko waxa ugu muhiimsan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa liiska gaarka ah ee masterpieces waaweyn, kuwaas oo ka mid ah: taalada ee "Venera Milosskaya", farshaxan a of Qarniyadii hore - "Nika Samofrakiyskaya" rinjiyeynta "Grande Odalisque" by J. Ingres iyo "Lacemaker The" J. qaarjisay kooxda, Leonardo da Vinci, taalada ee Ramses II.