Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov: ninkii hortagi dagaal caalami ah

Sii daayay 2014, agaasimaha film ka Denmark, Peter Anthony Ninka dunida badbaadiyey qayb ka mid ah xiddigaha Hollywood ah: Kevin Costner, Robert De Niro, Ashton Kutcher iyo Metta Deymona, ayaa u sheegay beesha caalamka oo ku saabsan dhacdooyinka ee Russia habeenkii of September 26, 1983. Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov, taliyaha heeganka ah "Serpukhov - 15", barta taliska dhowr boqol oo kilomitir u Moscow ka, go'aan, taas oo inta badan ay ku xiran yihiin ilaalinta nabadda on Earth. Maxaa habeenkaas dhacay, iyo waxa aanu taas macnaheedu aadanaha?

dagaal qabow

USSR iyo USA, labada Kooxahan, ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee dunida noqday kooxda ay xafiiltamaan ee halganka for saamaynta dunida guudahaan. burinaya beelaya ee labada tusaale ee ururka bulshada iyo hamiga fikradaha hoggaamiyayaasha guul waddammada oo iyaduna ka mid ah cadowga dhab keentay in iska hor imaad ah oo dheer, taas oo hoos u baxay sidii dagaalkii qaboobaa ee taariikhda. Inta lagu guda jiro waqtiga dhan ee dalka isu helay agagaarka dillaacay of World Saddexaad.

In ay ka gudbaan ku qalalaasihii gantaalaha Cuba ee 1962 ahaa suuragal ah keliya iyada oo sababtu tahay rabitaan siyaasadeed iyo dadaalka oo ka mid ah Madaxweynayaasha labada dal, Nikity Hruschova iyo Dzhona Kennedi, muujiyey in koorsada ee wada hadalka gaarka ah. Dagaalkii Qaboobaa waxaa la socday ah tartanka hubka loo arag, kaas oo bilowgii tiris ah Midowga Soofiyeedka wuxuu bilaabay inuu ciyaaro.

Stanislav Petrov, loo dalacsiiyay darajo ee Lieutenant Colonel 1983 in difaaca hawada ee Wasaaradda USSR ee Gaashaandhiga, helay xaaladda wareeg cusub oo hor imaad ka mid ah awoodaha weyn maxaa yeelay vvyazyvaniya USSR galay dagaalka Afqaanistaan. gantaalaha ballistic Maraykanka ku yaalaan wadamada Yurub, Midowga Soofiyeeti isla markiiba soo baxay wada hadalada Geneva on hub ka dhigista.

Soo dhaca "747"

Kuwa xoog, Ronald Reagan (USA) iyo Yuri Andropov (November 1982 - February 1984) keeneen xiriirka u dhexeeya labada dal meesha ugu sarreysa ee iska hor imaad tan iyo Qalalaasihii Gantaalaha ee Cuba ku. Shiidaalka in dabku samada ka mid ah 1 September 1983 diyaarad a South Korean rakaab diyaarad in New York ku shubtay xaaladda. Iilata wadada by 500 kiiloomitir, "Boeing" ayaa la toogtay hoos u talin interceptor Midowga Soviet "Su-15" Captain Gennadi Osipovich. Oo isla maalintaas, waxa la filayaa in imtixaanka ee gantaalada ballistic, taas oo keeni karta in jahwareer naxdin leh, taas oo keentay in diyaaradaha la 269 qof oo saarnaa diyaarad la ansixiyay sida sahan ah.

Wax kasta oo ay ahayd, waa adag tahay in ay aaminsan yihiin in go'aanka ah inuu wax baabbi'iyo diirada u qaaday heerka of Taliyaha qeybinta, dheeraad ah loo dalacsiiyay Air Force Taliyaha iyo Air Difaaca. Kremlin ayaa u muuqday yarayn ilaa xad ah, sababtoo ah on board diyaarad ku duntay jeestay musharaxa madaxwaynanimada ee Larry McDonald. Kaliya 7 September USSR aqoonsan mas'uuliyadda dhimashada diyaarad rakaab ah. baaritaan ICAO ayaa xaqiijiyay in kala fogaanta dhexdeena diyaarad ka wadada ku, laakiin ma caddeyn ah tallaabooyinka ka hortagga ah by Air Force Soofiyeeti ayaa laga helay ilaa iyo haatan.

Baahnayn in la sheego, xiriirka caalamiga ah ayaa aad u la dhacay xilligan marka on waajib mar kale duceeyaa Stanislav Petrov. 1983rd - sanadka marka nidaamka digniin hore (nidaam digniin gantaal) USSR ahaa in xaalad feejignaan joogto ah.

waardiyaha habeenkii

Sharaxaad faahfaahsan oo ah dhacdooyinka hoos ah "Boeing" waa fiican awoodo in lagu muujiyo, haddii ay dhacdo duruufo lama filaan ah, waa lagama yaabo in Xoghayaha Guud ee Andropov gacanta u gariiray, oo riixaya badhanka shutter sii daayo, waayo, aargoosi haddii ay dhacdo weerar nuclear by cadowga.

Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov, ku dhashay 1939, isagoo ah injineer-falanqeeye, ayaa kor u qaaday waajib ku ah oo joogto ah oo jidgooyo ah "Serpukhov -15", kaas oo lala socdo olole caalami ah oo lagu gano. Habeenkii ee 26 September, dalka waxaa si nabad ah hurda, maxaa yeelay, ma jiraan calaamadaha khatarta. At 0 saacadood iyo 15 daqiiqo ah seeriga cod weyn ku ciyey habka digniinta ugu horayso, muujinayo daahfurnaanta on erayga cabsi "Start". Waxaa isaga ka dambaysa u muuqday: "gantaal ayaa marka hore la bilaabay, saxnaanta ee ugu sarreeya." Goortaas waxay ahayd abbaaraha weerar nuclear on mid ka mid ah saldhigyada Maraykanka. Ma jiraan xeerar sida in ay ka fekeraan taliyaha, laakiin waxa meesha ka socda ee madaxiisa, waayo, daqiiqado soo socda, Fikirka cabsi. Waayo, hab maamuuska, waxa uu isla markiiba waxaa waajib ku ah inay tabiyaan olole caalami ah oo gantaalaha nukliyerka ah cadowga.

No xaqiijinta channel muuqaal, iyo maanka gorfaynta sarkaalka bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan version ah oo ka mid ah khaladaad nidaam computer. Wuxuu u abuuray in ka badan hal gaari, waa in ay ogaadaan in ay suurto gal kasta, inkastoo ay 30 heerarka imtixaanka. Report kii baadi nidaamka suurto gal ahayn, laakiin ma uu aaminsana in macquulka ah ee bilaabay hal gantaal ah. Iyo halis ugu adiga kuu gaar ah diiro telefoonka si aad u sheegto in Madaxdannadii ay: "macluumaad been ah". Inkastoo tilmaamaha, sarkaalka la wareegaya mas'uuliyada. Tan iyo markaas, dunida oo dhan Stanislav Petrov - ninkii hortagi dagaal caalami ah.

khatarta uu joogsadey

Maanta, ee ku nool magaalada hareeraheeda Colonel gab Fryazino weydiiyay su'aalo badan, mid ka mid ah kuwaas oo had iyo jeer waxay ku saabsan tahay sida aadka ah uu aaminsan yahay in go'aamada iyaga u gaar ah, iyo markii uu ogaaday in ugu xumaa ay ka badan tahay. Stanislav Petrov si daacad ah ugu jawaabo, "fursado waxay ahaayeen konton konton." Baaritaanka ugu daran - celcelin ah signalka digniinta hore daqiiqad kasta, ku dhawaaqay furitaanka gantaal soo socda. Waxaa jiray shan. Laakiin waxa uu madax sugayay warbixin ka channel muuqaal, iyo radar ma ogaan kari lahaa shucaaca kaamerada. Marna ha ka hor ayaa dunida oo si ku dhow inay musiibo, labadaba 1983. Dhacdooyinka habeenkii laga cabsado muujisay sida ay muhiim factor aadanaha, mid go'aan qalad ah, iyo wax soo jeedin karaa ciidda.

Kaliya 23 daqiiqo Colonel aysan awoodin in ay si xor ah u neefsato, isagoo xaqiijinta helay sax go'aanka. Maanta, hal su'aal isaga cadaabi: "Maxaa dhacaya haddii habeenkaas uusan bedelay qofka xanuunsan iyo meel aan ahaa injineer, taliye millatari, caadaysteen in ay Adeeca tilmaamaha?"

goobta habeenkii ka dib

Subixii xigay amarka guddi ka shaqeeya bilaabay. muddo ka dib, sababta waxaa laga heli doonaa alarm been dareemayaal digniinta hore: optics jawaabay qorraxdu u muuqataa by daruuraha. Tiro weyn ee saynisyahano, oo ay ku jiraan aqoonyahano sharfay, la dhiso nidaam computer ah. Aqoonsiga in Stanislav Petrov sameeyey wax sax ah oo ay muujiyeen geesinimo, ka dibna tirtireyso shaqada kooxda ka mid ah maskaxda ugu fiican ee dalka, dalbanayaan Cadaab for shaqo tayo liita. Sidaa darteed, abaalmarin ugu horeysay sarkaal u ballanqaaday, laakiin markaas fikirradoodii beddeleen. Waxaan ogaaday in ay bilaabeen in ay ka fekeraan oo ay go'aamo gaadhaan, wuxuu ku xadgudbay dastuurka. Halkii abaalmarinta canaan raaceen.

Lieutenant Colonel lahaa si ay u difaacaan hor Taliyaha difaaca hawada Yu Votintseva ee dagaalka unfilled log. Qofna doonayay inuu galiyo walwalka la kulmay by waajib ku ah hawl, in daqiiqado yar, ka war nuglaanta dunida.

Ugu Darbada-baxay

Stanislav Petrov, ninkii looga hortagi dagaal caalami ah, ayaa go'aansaday inuu iska casilo ciidanka, iska casilay. Ka dib markii dhawr bilood ee isbitaalada, uu deganaa ee waaxda military ka guri yar oo ku taal magaalada hareeraheeda Fryazino helay, helay safka phone a. inay aheyd go'aan adag, balse sababta ugu weyn waxay ahayd cudur naagtiisa, oo dhawr sano ka fogaaday maray, ninkeeda wiil iyo gabadh ka tago. Waxay ahayd waqti adag ee nolosha sarkaal hore ah, si buuxda u ogaadaan waxa keli ahaansho.

In sagaashankii ah, Taliyaha hore ee difaaca gantaalaha iyo meesha bannaan ee, kiiska Yuri Votintseva on KP "Serpukhov - 15" ayaa dhigooda ah iyo dadweynaha, taas oo ka dhigtay Lieutenant Colonel Petrov, qof caan ah, ma aha oo kaliya in dhulkooda hooyo, laakiin sidoo kale dibadda.

Aqoonsiga ee West ah

Xaaladda aad taas oo askari ee Midowga Soofiyeeti aan rumaysan nidaamka saamayn horumarinta dheeraad ah oo dhacdooyinka, dunida reer galbeedka naxay. "Association of Citizens World" Qaramada Midoobay go'aansaday inuu abaalmarinta geesi. Bishii Janaayo 2006, Petrovu Stanislavu Evgrafovichu ayaa lagu soo bandhigay iyadoo abaalmarinta - ". Nin hortagi dagaal nuclear" statuette crystal a In 2012, warbaahinta Jarmal isaga siiyey abaalmarinta ah, iyo laba sano ka dib, guddiga abaabulka in Dresden siiyey 25 kun oo Euro. Waayo, ka hortagga isku dhacyada hubeysan.

Americans bandhig abaalmarinta ugu horeysay bilaabay in la bilaabo abuurka documentary oo feature film ku saabsan sarkaal Soviet. Triage qudhiisu toogtay Stanislav Petrov. Hab-jiiday on muddo sanado ah ay sabab u tahay dhaqaale la'aan. Sawirka waxaa la daabacay 2014, xanaajiyeen cadaanyo isku dhafan ee dalka.

American PR

version rasmiga ah ee dhacdooyinka gobolka Ruush ee 1983 waxaa lagu muujiyay in waraaqaha loo soo gudbiyey Qaramada Midoobay. Waxa ay tusinayaan in dadka dunida jooga oo keliya Colonel CA aan la badbaadiyey. Waayo, KP "Serpukhov -15" - ma aha cidda keliya xakameynta ka badan furayey gantaal ah.

forums waa dood ku saabsan dhacdooyinka ee 1983, halkaas oo xirfadlayaal ayaa muujiyay ra'yi ku saabsan nooca xiriirka dadweynaha, afuufin by Maraykanka inay qabsadaan Arsenal nuclear ee dalka. Dad badan ayaa su'aal ka keenay abaalmarinta, ku wareejiyay in ay opinion, Petrovu Stanislavu Evgrafovichu, gebi ahaanba u qalmay.

Laakiin waxaa jira kuwa ka fiirsan tallaabada of Lieutenant Colonel Petrov lama qiimeen waddankiisa.

From statements Kevin Costner ee

In Xiddiga Hollywood ah film 2014 ayay la kulmay qof ugu weyn oo sidaas la raacio uu qaddar in ay qabatay hore ee markabka filim, kaas oo kama tegi karo qof taag daran. Waxa uu qirtay in uu u ciyaaro oo kaliya kuwa wanaagsan oo xoog isaga ka badan, laakiin geesiyaal dhab ah - dadka, sida Lieutenant Colonel Petrov, kaasoo sameeyey go'aan ah in ay saameeyeen nolosha qof kasta oo adduunka ah. Doorashada diidmada gantaalaha laba geesood ah ee Maraykanka oo dhinaca nidaamka fariin weerarka ah, ayuu badbaadiyey nolosha dad badan, hadda weligiis lala go'aanka.