Cuban Revolution ee 1953-59

kacaankii Kuuba waa halgan dheer hubaysan waayo, xoog, kaas oo bilaabay July 26, 1953, oo waxaa lagu dhameeyey bilowgii January 1959 guusha dhamaystiran oo mucaaradka. Dhacdadani waxa ay keentay in isbedelka ee habka siyaasadeed oo si buuxda u soo jeestay taariikhda mustaqbalka dhan ee dalka.

Revolution The Cuba - Sababaha

Dhibaatooyinka ugu waaweyn ee gobolka by bartamihii qarnigii 20aad ku hadhay isku mid:

- monoculture beeraha - aasaas u ah warshadaha ee ahaa qasabka sonkorta ,

- latifundia baahsan - dhul weyn oo gaar ah, taas oo si gaar ah oo khaas ah oo ku saabsan dhoofinta iyo isticmaalka ballaaran ee lagu qasbay shaqada mushaharka;

- tiirsanaanta ee dhaqaalaha guud ee caasimada Maraykanka.

Bilowga March 1952 dalka waxaa jiray d'gambiyay inqilaab, oo sababtay in loo sameeyey kali taliska bilayska madax Fulgencio Batista.

Awoodda cusub lagu gartaa musuqmaasuqa sare, Cuba bilaabay cadaadis siyaasadeed iyo siyaasadaha dhaqaalaha keentay in hoos u dhac af ee dakhliga dhabta ah ee dadweynaha. bulshada ayaa waxaa sii kordhaya carada in daadanayaa qaab isku day kale oo inqilaab. Kacaan madax qareen dhalinyarada iyo hoggaamiyaha siyaasadda ee Fidel Castro.

History of kacaanka

Group of mucaaradka hogaaminayo Fidel Castro ee July 26, 1953 ka dhigay isku day ah in digniin qalcaddii deyr Moncada qalcadda ee Santiago. Waxay tirin on taageerada dadweynaha, maxaa yeelay, qanacsanaan Itobiya hadda ahaa dadka u weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma dhici, iyo askartii of kacaan oo keliya u diriray laba saacadood, ayaa guuldarro burburiyo.

Inta badan mucaaradka ah ayaa ku dhintay iyo inta ka qabtay iyo horkeeno cadaaladda. Fidel Castro naftaada ilaaliyo ee maxkamad sababtoo ah waxa uu ahaa qareen. ayuu halkaas erayada caanka ah oo uu ku hadlay: "History Me tiraan doonaa."

Dhammaan eedeysanayaasha lagu xukumay xabsi ku ool ah - laga bilaabo 10 ilaa 15 sano. Laakiin dadweynaha joogay dhinaca mucaaradka, qasbo Batista in dhawaan saxiixi si cafis ah. Brothers Castro isla markiiba ka dib markii la sii daayo xabsiga laga guuray deriska Mexico oo ay halkaas la abuuro urur insurrectionary "M-26" ( "26 July Movement"). Waxaa jira Fidel Castro uu karin inuu la kulmo caanka kacaan Che Guevarra, kuwaas oo isla markiiba ku biiray M-26.

Bilowga December 1956 in xeebta gobolka Oriente gadiga doonni "Granma", kuwaas oo ka degay 82 xoogaga hubeysan. Kacaanku Cuba ee diyaarinta baxay marxaladda cadaawadda firfircoon. dhulka isla markiiba ogaaday ciidamada dowladda, oo waxaa la dhowaad gabi ahaanba la burburiyay. Sida laga soo xigtay ilo kala duwan, waxaa ka badbaaday 11 ilaa 22 qof ka tirsan this.

Inkastoo failure kale, kacaan ma qabaa in la siiyo ilaa. Waxaa la go'aansaday in ay u eegin qoto dheer galay dalka, si ay u tagaan meelaha miyiga ah. Waxaa, mucaaradka ayaa ku guuleysatay kalsoonida dadka deegaanka, iyaga qortaan ciidan. In magaalooyinka ka, sidoo kale, ay ahayd shaqo firfircoon ka mid ah ardayda. ifbixii hubaysan oo abaabulan farta.

By markii ugu taliskii Batista oo ahaa Diido, ma aha oo kaliya in ay dalka, laakiin sidoo kale in Mareykanka - inta badan lamaanahaaga dhaqaale iyo military ee Cuba. Dhab ahaantii Tani ciyaara gacmaha kacaan galay.

In xagaagii 1958, kacaankii Kuuba ayaa on wajiga weerar. By dayrta mucaaradka qabsadeen gobolkii Las Villas iyo Oriente, iyo maalintii ugu horraysay ee 1959 ciidamada ay triumphantly galay Santiago. Isla la dhacdooyinkan ciidamada Che Guevarra magaalada Santa Clara qabsaday.

Batista go'aansadeen in ay dalka ka cararaan, oo uu dowladda ayaa dhab ahaan iska casilay. January 2 kacaan qabsadeen Havana - caasimadda ah ee Cuba. Dhowr maalmood ka dib, on January 6, magaalada triumphantly Fidel Castro yimid in ay qaataan dowladda buuxa ee cusub.

Taariikhda Cuba ka dib markii kacaanka

Isbadal The xagjirka ah ee dalka ka bilaabay mar. In meel ka mid ah ciidamada hore ee hubeysan in ay Ciidamada Mucaaradka yimaadeen oo booliska ka dhacay Dadka Maleeshiyo.

dibuhabaynta beerolay waxaa fuliyey May 1959, iyada oo sababtu tahay oo guryaha ayaa la buriyey, iyo dalkii hantida u noqday oo ka mid ah yaroow iyo gobolka. Later, ee 1963, beeraha waaweyn sidoo kale waxaa lagu reebay, iyo iskaashiga bilaabay qaybta sonkorta.

Sidoo kale sannadkii 1959 baananka iyo shirkadaha waa weyn ayaa noqday hantida gobolka, iyo in 1960, qaddar la mid ah ku dhacay shirkadaha American.

Tan iyo 1961, wuxuu bilaabay olole dalka oo in la baabi'iyo qoris la'aanta.

gobolka Joogto ahaa mid aad u fog tahay dimuqraadiyadda. Media ayaa si buuxda u noqdaan kormeera ah, dadka deegaanka ayaa noqday guddiyada si fiican hubiyaa on difaaca kacaanka.

ururada diinta, oo ay ku jiraan kaniisadaha Catholic badan, ayaa laga badiyay hantidoodii oo dhan, wadaaddadii ka oo inta badan laga saaray dalka.

Xiriirka Mareykanka ka dib markii kacaanka, ayaa si weyn u sii xumaatay, iyo Castro ayaa go'aansaday in ay si firfircoon u soo dhawaanaya in dalalka ku bahoobay shuuciga - gaar ahaan Midowga Soofiyeeti. Bishii Febraayo 1960-kii waxaa la saxiixay heshiiska ugu horeysay rasiidka by Cuba ee gargaarka Soviet.

kacaankii Kuuba ayaa loogu tala galay in dalka ayaa si buuxda ay nidaamka siyaasadeed bedelay, iyo guga goor dambe ee 1961 si rasmi ah laftiisa naadiyey waddan ku dhaqma hantiwadaag.