Lev Zadov-Zinkovskiy - Head of counterintelligence Kacaanka weeraray madaafiic Army ee Ukraine Nestor Makhno

Lev Zadov ahaa wakiilka caanka ah ee xilligii qasan ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye. qaswadayaasha An by xukunka, isagoo ah kii kowaad diriray dhinaca Ciidanka Cas, ka dibna u dhaqaaqay mucaaradka Makhno. Ka dib guuldaradii ka mid ah "cagaaran" Zadoff u cararay Romania. Xataa in nabadda, ayuu si dalkiisa, halkaas oo uu u shaqo bilaabay NKVD ku soo laabtay.

sanadaha hore

Dhashay Lev Nikolaevich Zadov April 11, 1893. By dhalashadiisa waxa uu ahaa Yuhuudi ah, oo uu magaciisa dhabta ah waxaa lagu qoray sida Zodov. Laakiin associate Makhno si fiican loogu naanaysta Zinkovskiy. Lev Nikolaevich Zadov ku dhashay gumeysi yar Yuhuudda u dhow goob joog-maalin Donetsk. Inkasta oo dadka Semitic ku noolaa degsiimooyinka is haysta ee galbeedka gobol oo Empire Ruush ah. Waxaa xiran jiritaanka ah oo midabka u dejinta. Yuhuuddu ma degto laga yaabaa in qayb ka mid ah gobolada dhexe ee dalka. Laakiin waxaa jiray kuwo badan oo ka Ukraine iyo Poland.

In XIX dabayaaqadii - qarnigii XX hore. dad badan oo Yuhuud noqday xubno ka tirsan dhaqdhaqaaqa kacaan. Waxaan jirin marka laga reebo iyo Lev Nikolaevich Zadov. Thanks to uu ciyaaraha ku dhiso laga bilaabo da'da hore uu ka shaqeeyay shirkado kala duwan (ayaa dhagax, warshad iyo D. sidaas on.). In deegaanka this, waxay ahayd dacaayad gaar ahaan firfircoon ee dhaqdhaqaaqa siyaasadeed ee xagjirka ah. Sidaa darteed Zadov fudud si ay u noqdaan qaswadayaasha ah. Waxa uu qaybiso qoraallada sharci-darro ah, ayuu ka qayb galay shirkaas. Uu muuqaal ahayd si gaar ah faa'iido in dhac ama "expropriations." Waxaa la og yahay in qaswadayaasha ah dhallinyarada uu ku lug lahaa ugu yaraan saddex hawlood oo kale. Xag xaday irid-dhawryadii, saldhiga tareenka iyo xafiiska boostada. lacag u soo baxeen inay shaqaalaha dukaanka dhaqdhaqaaqa kacaan, ka dibna qaatay daabacaadda qalabka ololaha.

In xabsi iyo in Army Cas

In 1913, Lev Nikolaevich Zadov oo uu hawl su'aal la xiray by maamulka. Maxkamadda ayaa ku xukuntay sideed sano oo xabsi ah ee shaqada adag. Waxaa jiro qaswadayaasha ah ee dissonant maxaa yeelay, magiciisa beddelay oo waxay noqdeen Zinkovskaya. Bishii Febraayo 1917 waxaa jiray kacaan. Boqortooyada dhacay, oo a dowladda cusub ee ku meel gaarka ah ku dhawaaqay cafis loogu talagalay oo dhan "maxaabiista siyaasadeed." Sidaas daraaddeed, Zinkovskiy sii daayay ka dib markii nus ka mid ah jadwalka.

Kacaanka in uu u dhashay Yuzovka (ugu dhaqsaha badan in loo baxshay in Donetsk), halkaas oo uu ku doortay ku xigeenka ka mid ah shaqaalaha maxaliga ah ku soo laabtay. Ka dib markii ay Bolsheviks yimid si ay awood Zinkovskiy si iskood ah u muuqday in Ciidanka Cas. Ciidamada uu lahaa u Dumayn Tsarina ah. Ka sakow xaaladaha adag lagu wajahay xubnaha Dagaalkii Sokeeye, caadiga ah waxay mar hore ku muujiyeen in uu awood u cajiib ah oo ugu dhaqsaha badan loo dalacsiiyay madaxa dabdamiska ah. Zadov laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan ka tagay Army Cas. Sida uu ku sharaxay in mid ka mid ah su'aalaha by NKVD ah, on Caasinimadooda ee isaga u gaar ah aaminsan keentay. Marka ee xarunta qayb ka waa mushaar, Zinkovskaya tababare weyn bixisay 750 rubles. Caadiga ah helay toban jeer in ka yar. Tani waxay kaga cadhaysiiyeen qaswadayaasha ah, oo wuxuu u kacay Ukraine. Goor danbe oo GPU ee NKVD isaga xusuusiyay Caasinimadooda in 1918.

Gacanta midig ee Makhno

Waxa uu noqday madax cusub ee Zadoff, Nestor Makhno - qaswadayaasha ah iyo madax ka ah dhaqdhaqaaqa xoreynta ee Ukraine. Leo ka qaybgalay oo dhan hawlaha ugu waaweyn ee "Mucaaradka cagaaran". In guga ee 1919, wuxuu madax ka ah koox la kulma qayb u bourgeoisie oo nool hantigoosi ah ee dhulka gacanta ku hayaan ciidamo ka mid ah Makhno.

Yukreeniyaan weeraray madaafiic Army ahaa mid aad u non-uniform in ay Halabuurka. Danaha xubnaha inta badan ma beeganto. Tusaale ahaan, wuxuu Zinkovskiy isticmaalo sumcad halkii shaki, inta badan sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in waqtiga ka baxsaday Ciidamada Cas. Qaar ka mid ah ka qayb galayaasha ka mid ah Dagaalkii Sokeeye ka mid ah Makhno qiyaastii dalbaday in uu dhintay. Waxay ahaayeen dad wax raadayn kara sida Lev Golik (oo madax ka ah counter-sirdoonka) iyo Alexey Marchenko. Warar xan ah oo ku saabsan unreliability ku Zinkovskaya shiday hadal ah in KGB Soofiyeeti isku dayeen in ay qortaan.

Shaqooyinka counterintelligence mucaaradka

Xilligan la joogo ugu muhiimsan ee adjutant ee Makhno ayaa la badbaadiyey ka xaaskiisa cadaab "aabbe" Galina Kuzmenko. Waa markii qaar ka mid ah ka hor la soo shaqeeyay mucaaradka counterintelligence Zinkovskaya iyo isaga xaladii kalsooni. Waa Zadoff this booskiisa lahaa in ay qaataan ku saabsan shaqada ugu muranka intii uu joogay madaxda sare ee Makhnovists ah.

meydadka ciqaab ka takhalusaan qof oo looga shakiyay khiyaano iyo ka shakiday. Lev Nikolaevich Zinkovsky, sida Lenin, rumeysan yahay in kacaan ma la samayn karaa in gacmo-gashi cad iyo la isticmaalayo habab laandheere halganka siyaasadeed. All ee gumaadka Dagaalkii Sokeeye, iyo caddaan iyo casaan, iyo "cagaaran" qiil u adeegaya ujeedada weyn. In qaar ka mid ah, waxa uu ahaa wadaag, halka kuwo kale - xoriyada qaranka ama sinnaanta bulshada oo hoos hadafyada ku sugan.

dhamaadka Dagaalkii Sokeeye

By 1920, Army Cas jabin Denikin oo ahaa mar kale Ukraine. Markaas Nestor Makhno iyo taageerayaashiisa ayaa sheegay in colka dadka. Mucaaradka ayaa la jabiyay, ma aha oo kaliya sababtoo ah fashilaad military, laakiin sidoo kale qalad ah ee ka dilaacay ee Harar ku faafa. Cudurka naxariis darro ah le'edeen xataa raggii ugu jidh ahaan xoog leh oo caafimaad. Zinkovskiy sidoo kale, in muddo ah uu ahaa musiibo, in kastoo, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay soo kabtaan. In uu ahaa mid ah qiyaas Makhno yar ka badbaadiyey dhimasho ka by qarinayaan in uu magan galay.

Ka dib markii hogaamiyaha dhaqdhaqaaqa mucaaradka adkaaday soo baxday in ammaan, Leo iyo walaalkiis si sharci darro ah ku soo laabtay dalkiisa hooyo ee Donbass. Si dhakhso ah, dowladda Soviet go'aansaday inuu heshiis la Makhno. Jabhada ayaa u soo bandhigtay in ay nabadda la Reds iyo si ay u caawiyaan dagaalka ka dhanka ah haraadiga ciidanka Wrangel ee, dalku in Crimean ah. In dayrta ee 1920 Zinkovskiy mar kale si kooban u noqday saaxiibkiisa reer cas. Waxa uu la diriray ee Crimean iyo ka qayb qaatay kulankii ugu danbeeyay ee dhaqdhaqaaqa White ee Jasiiradda.

haajirid

In xagaagii 1921 Makhno wada jir ah ula Asaxaabta badbaaday yar u cararay Romania. Marka iyada oo soohdinta ka soo gudbeen Zadov toos ah hawlgalka khatar ah in la baabi'iyo ilaalada. Wada jir ah ula toban Mucaaradka uu iska Makhnovists cas eryadeen. Sidaas qaswadayaasha ah ay u suurtagashay in ay Doqon ilaalada. Markii ay guul darro feejignaan, u dhaw in ay amarka Zinkovskaya, dab arxan la furay iyaga on.

Sidaas badan Zadoff muddo ka haajirid bilaabay. Waxa uu deganaa ee Romania. Tan iyo nolosha ma ahaa in, Makhnovets hore iyo Walaalkiis shaqeeyay in looxa ah. Xaaladdooda ugu gataan, si gaar ah xusid mudan, in la siiyo mucaaradka ogaa oo ku saabsan jiritaanka khasnadihii aaso Yukreeniyaan aasay iyaga by xitaa socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee. Dhibaatadu waxay ahayd oo kaliya in qaxay, iyagoo dagdagi, in ay ka gudbaan soohdinta Soviet, oo waxba ma ay haysan waqti ay is ogow of mustaqbalkooda fayo-qabka.

Hoyashada

Si dhakhso ah sirdoonka reer Romania ayaa qorteen Makhnovets hore. Zinkovskaya siiyo shaqo ee group kumaandooska in la qorsheeyay inay ku tuuraan in Ukraine Soviet ah. Leo ayaa sheegay in ay haa tahay. In 1924 wuxuu dib guriga ahaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isla markiiba Zadov go'aansaday in ay is dhiibaan masuuliyiinta Soviet. biographers uu sheegaya in uu tan iyo bilowgii jiray duril indheeyayaal Romania si aad u hesho in ay USSR la card buunka ah uu gacmo iyo sirdoonka on hawlaha shisheeye cadowga.

Kooxda Zin'kovskaya la rumaysan yahay in la qabtay. oo shurako ah oo dhan ayaa la sii daayay, laakiin isagu wuxuu muddo dheer la warsan. Lix bilood, qaddar ee Makhnovets hore sudhay ku miisaamaa. Soviet Cheka, kuwaas oo awood u ahaa kiiska, go'aanka adkeeyay. Ugu dambeyntii in xubnaha loo arko in ay lagama maarmaan in la qaato Zadoff a on shaqo sharci daro ah. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa waayo-aragnimo qani ah oo gaar ah ee sirdoonka iyo counterintelligence. record track waxa uu had iyo jeer lagu qiimeeyo by NKVD ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, soo eedeeyay ku lug lahaa kacdoonka ay horey u ahaayeen gaba. Zinkovskiy, sida kun oo taageerayaal kale oo Makhno, waxaa saamaxay in 1922, sida ay go'aanka dowladda Soviet.

Sotrunichestvo la NKVD ah

Waxaa jira version a in Lev Zadov ahaa awoodaan in ay la xaajooto saraakiisha ammaanka uu turid, maxaa yeelay hadlay oo ku saabsan halka maalka, a mucaaradka aasay Ukraine intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Sokeeye. In si sax ah loo yaqaan in Makhno qudhiisa, in maxaabiis ahaan, isku dayeen in ay naftaada diro dad daacad in USSR ah, iyo in ay dib u helaan khasnadihii qiimo leh.

Wax kasta oo siyaabo Zadovsky ma kasbaday xaq u leedahay in fursad labaad, uu si farsamo ka faa'ideystay fursad inuu iscaddeeyo inuu xaq indhaha u xoog Soviet in. Goobta shaqada noqday Odessa. Tani dekedda muhiim ah, xaaladda aan ka fogayn soohdinta, waxay ahayd xarunta of jiidashada for adventurers iyo argagixisada badan oo kala duwan. Wadashaqaynta maamulka, Zadov u suurtagashay in ay u qaawisid oo la baabi'iyo qaar ka mid ah kooxaha dambiilayaasha ah sharci-darrada ah.

toogashada

No arrinta sida wax ku ool ah iyo wakiilka faa'iido toona ahaa Zadov, uu qaddar murugo sugayay. Waxa uu galay looga lalmiyo oo ku dhacay ee repressions Stalin ee 30meeyada. Markaasaa la qabtay oo lagu toogtay on kuwa tiimbashada xumaanta kala duwan ilaa dhicin anecdotes ku saabsan hogaamiyaha. Qofka waqti in la beddelo si Army Cas iyo mucaaradka Makhno soo baxsaday inaan warka Romania, ku saabsan asalka this waxaa si fudud lagu xukumay.

Zadoff waxaa la xiray bishii August 1937. Waxa uu ku eedeeyay basaasnimo ay guushu ku Romania. Waxaa muhiim ah in NKVD ahaa wax caddeyn ah oo uu ku xadgudbay. Markaas, in dabcan ka baxay habab casri ah oo imtixaan, oo ay ku jiraan jirdil. Geedi socodka ahayd sannad dhan. Ugu dambeyntii, cadaadis this Zinkovskiy qirtay inuu u shaqeynayay sirdoonka shisheeye. September 25, uu, sida kuwo badan oo la dilay 1938, macsalaameeyay nolosha ku godad of NKVD oo aan fursad kasta oo maxkamad cadaalad ah ama xaq. Muddo dheer, kiiskiisa taagnaa. Xitaa ka dib markii dhalaalid Khrushchev ee aan eed lahayn Zinkovsogo sooma aadan xusuusan. Muuqday, darjada dayactirey Midowga Soofiyeeti ilaa habeyn ku. Zadov xaq keliya ee 1990.

image posthumous

Zinkovskiy noqday mid ka mid ah jilayaasha in gebogebada Alekseya Tolstogo, "The Road si ay u leeyay". In fasiraadda qoraaga, oo mar dambe la qabsashada ee Soviet of novel ah, waxa uu ahaa askari aan naxariis lahayn iyo fuliyaha oo ka mid ah amar ugu dhiigyacabka ah Nestora Mahno. daawadayaasha badan oo isaga soo xusuusan doonaa oo kaliya hiddo noqday weedha "Waxaan ahay -. LEVA Zadov, kaftan ila muhiim ma aha"

Dabcan, sheeko Tolstoy ee ma ahaa isku day kaliya si ay u fahmaan Biography ee qaswadayaasha ah dhalaalaysa iyo madmadow. Zinkovskaya nasiib in ay ku noolaadaan marxalad dulmiga badan. Wuxuu halis galiyay oo uu daacad u beddelay sidii aad u badan oo ka mid ah saffarro, oo isna wuxuu lahaa inuu ku udgoonsado Baaruud ka socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee.

qoyska

Brother kacaan Daniel ahaa oo isaga ku xigtayna dhan Dagaalkii Sokeeye. Si wada jir ah ay u carareen Romania, iyo laba ah ayaa ku soo laabtay Midowga Soofiyeeti. Daniel ayaa la toogtay in la mid ah 1938, inkastoo uu sidoo kale soo shaqeeyay NKVD ee Tiraspol.

Waxay ahayd Zadoff iyo ina - Vadim Lvovich Zinkovsky. In kasta oo da 'yar, isagu waa dhamaadkii dagaalkii Great Patriotic sida iskaa wax u qabso ah u tageen inay hore. Markii danbena wuxuu noqday kornayl ciidanka. Vadim Lvovich qoray taariikh nololeedka aabbihiis, taas oo uu isku dayay in uu qiil qaswadayaasha ah ee si fiican u yaqaan oo indhaha u saffarro in.