Khayraadka Macdanta iyo kala soocidda

Macdanta - a collection of dhan macdanta laga helo oo uurkii caalamka, la heli karo oo ku haboon in loo isticmaalo codsiyada warshadaha. Qaybtan waxaa ku jira ma aha oo kaliya khayraadka dalka waxtar leh, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa laga helay dhulka badda.

Macdanta - ballaaran fikradda, taas oo uu leeyahay dhinacyo kala duwan. Marka la eego cilmi dhul - go'an of beeraha taas oo xubno ka kiimikada iyo ka kooban macdanta, kuwaas oo ay joogaan a qaadasho xad dhaaf ah sare loo eego celceliska (Clarke) ee ay content ee qolof dhulka ee bixiya dantiisa ay horumarinta warshadaha. Haddii aan ka fiirsan dhinaca dhaqaalaha, khayraadka macdanta - a saldhiga wax cayriin ee horumarka ah ee warshadaha (shidaalka iyo tamarta adag, dhismaha, metallurgy, warshadaha kiimikada), iyo sidoo kale wax ka suurto galka ah ee iskaashiga caalamiga ah.

Seynisyahanno yeelatay soocidda ka mid ah khayraadka macdanta meelaha isticmaalka. Laga bilaabo halkan of view waxaa soo socda kooxaha:

1. Shiidaalka iyo tamarta khayraadka. First of dhan, waa saliida iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo sidoo kale dhuxusha, saliid Shale. ore Uranium macdanta birta muhiimadda warshadaha kaliya goor dambe oo qarnigii 20aad. Hadda waxay, sidoo kale, waxaa iska leh this category. Taariikh ahaan, kooxda waxay khuseysaa Peat, inkasta oo ay hadda tahay muhiimadda warshadaha ma leedahay. macdanta waxay leeyihiin asal ah ku aasan. Sida caadiga ah, ay ku egtahay daboosho of dhufto ee jirka, waxay ku laayeen oo deflections gudaha.

2. Ore:

- Biraha ferrous. Ugu horayn, bir iyo vanadium, manganese iyo chromium,

- bir aan ferrous iyo daawaha. ore Tani aluminium (bauxite, alunite, nepheline-apatite iyo wixii la mid ah.), ore Copper, Nickel, lead, zinc, tungsten, molybdenum, iwm.,

- biraha qaali ah (dahab-lacag ah, platina).

Ore ama weheliyay aasaaska iyo gaashaammadii ku dhufto ee qadiimiga ah, ama aad ku egtahay aagagga duubnaadaan, taas oo inta badan sameeyaan suunka metallogenic, kaas oo lagugu leeyahay ay asal ahaan u unu tectonic qoto dheer.

3. macdanta qiimo iyo semi-qaali ah (diamond, corundum iyo noocyo ay, spinel, sumurud, Jade, quartz, iyo noocyada kale oo badan).

4. khayraadka Macdanta iyo macdanta kiimikada. Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah dhagax, cusbo potassium iyo magnesia, phosphorites iyo apatites, baaruud iyo xeryahooda ay, barite, fluorite, ore boron iyo macdano kale, kuwaas oo ah alaabta ceeriin ee warshadaha kiimikada.

5. Industrial qaydhiin asal nonmetallic (quartz, graphite, asbestos, Miikaa, Rusheyn kartaa, iwm).

6. Qalabka dhismaha (marmar ah, dhoobo, Baladweyne, dhagax adag, gabbro, diabase, nuuradda, dhalooyinka, iyo cement alaabta ceeriin, iwm).

7. khayraadka Hydromineral (dhulka sida cusub iyo mineralized, oo ay ku jiraan kaamerada iyo sida loo isticmaalo daaweynta HBS).

Dhigashada ee macdanta non-macdan ah labada dhacaan soo tebiyaan iyo meelaha laab.

kala soocidda Tani waa halkii shuruud, tan iyo inta badan qaybaha kala duwan isticmaali kartaa alaabta ceeriin isku. Tusaale ahaan, apatite ama nuuradda waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in metallurgy iyo warshadaha kiimikada, iyo nuuradda - sidoo kale dhismaha.

khayraadka Macdanta loo isticmaalay by nin tan iyo waaberiga ilbaxnimada, taasoo ku muuqata in horyaalka ee jireen waagii qaar ka mid ah (tusaale ahaan - dhagax ama da'da naxaas ah). Waqtigan xaadirka ah, in erayada Academician A. E. Fersman, at cagaha Dadka nidaamka oo dhan Mendeleev. In warshadaha casriga ah, ku lug leh in ka badan 200 kala duwan ee khayraadka macdanta. Ku dhowaad dhammaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa iska leh category ee non-cusboonaysiin karo, sidaas mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee ecology casriga ah waa in la horumariyo set oo ah tallaabooyin si looga hortago dhibaatada khayraadka.