Gobolka raagay Bordeaux: soocidda iyo sharaxaad. brand Best "Bordeaux"

dhaqanka khamri Faransiis rogay Romans ka soo laabtay VI ah. BC. e. Waxay dab iyo seef, qasbay Gauls ay u aasaan geedo canab ah. 500 sano ka dib Romans ayaa sidoo kale baabbi'iyeen quruumihii oo dhan beeraha canabka ah ee Gaul, sida ay u noqday ay khatar ku tahay ganacsiga oo dhan Imperial. dadka deegaanka oo kaliya jecel in this sharaf cabniinka tahay ciribtirka waxa ay aheyd wax aan macquul aheyn, waxay bilowday oo dhan mar kale. Si aad u taariikhda, ku raagay ee France waa tusaale, waxaa smoothed ku takhasusay waxay dhammaan dalalka kale. In this article, waxaan ku tilmaamo of raagay "Bordeaux", in badan oo ku saabsan taariikhda bartaan, u fiirsada soocidda iyo arrimo kale.

Next, aan ka hadalno gobollada khamri soo saara Faransiis ugu caansan.

Bordeaux

Bordeaux waa gobolka ugu da'da weyn. Waxay ku taalaa in jawi dhawraa on xeebaha Atlantic. khamri Red ka Bordeaux waa tayada caadiga ah dunida. Waayo, wax soo saarka oo khamri ah waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa 4 canab: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc iyo Malbec. Qiimaha waxay ku xiran tahay saaraha sharafta sida badan, waxa goosashada sanad iyo xawaaraha shutter, sababtoo ah ee ku yaala goobahan jawi wanaagsan, waayo koritaanka iyo koriinkedu of canab ah oo aan had iyo jeer ku dar ha kor.

Gobolka waxaa loo qaybiyaa dhowr appellasonov, ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah: Graves, Medoc, Sauternes iyo Saint Emilion. Taariikh ahaan, khamri cas ka Bordeaux la iibiyo inta badan ee beeraha gaar ah oo yaryar, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan ee Chateau ah. Waxay dhawraan dhaqanka awowayaashood oo ay si dhow u la socodka tayada badeecadaha.

magac:

• Chateau Briot;
• Chateau Bellevue la Mongie;
• Chateau Marjosse;
• Chateau Cavale Blanche;
• Chateau Memoire.

Burgundy

Burgundy waa gobolka oo khamri ah ee bariga France, oo dhererkiisu wuxuu total - 200 km. Waxay ka kooban tahay ku dhawaad boqol appellasonov. Waxaa canab noocyo beerayaa advantageously Aliquot iyo Chardonnay. Sababo la tirayn cimilada iyo ciidda Nuurre Aw raagay Burgundy cad oo lagu yaqaan in ay kala duwan weyn ee dhadhan. Meelaha khamri-soo saarka ugu qiimaha badan: On-Cote, Cote iyo Chablis, Mâconnais iyo Chalonnais.

champagne

Champagne hoy u tahay raagay dhalaalaya. Gobolka waxaa ku yaal koonfurta France, meel u dhow xudduudda ay la wadaagaan Luxembourg iyo Belgium. sharaabka The hindisa tixgeliyo Per Perinon (wadaad Benedictine) halsano khamriga in marka hore double qaawan.

In gobolka Champagne soo pink iyo khamri raagay oo dhalaalayay oo cad. Kani waxa uu isticmaalaa 2 canab cas Geed Meunier iyo Pino Nuar iyo caddaan ah Chardonnay.

Beaujolais

Beaujolais - gobolka yar oo u dhow Lyon, oo ku yaalla cimilada qaaradda qabow. Vintners isticmaalaan hal nooc oo kaliya kuwa canab yeedhay Gamay. Sababo la xiriira xaaladaha dabiiciga ah ee Beaujolais khamriga lagu kaydiyaa wakhti dheer ah ma sheegi karo. Waxaa ka furmay saddexaad Thursday ee November ee sanadkii la mid ah dalagga, ka dibna wada baabbi'in ilaa guga. Isla mar ahaantaana Faransiis ah ayaa abuuray, ka dibna si farsamo caan ah "Beaujolais lacagta badan" - iid oo khamri ah oo dhallinyaro ah. Haddaba waxaa la xusaa dunida oo dhan.

Bordeaux terroir

Waxa la yaab leh si fiican ku yaalla qaybta galbeed ee France, iyo ka badan si hufan, qarkii ee Atlantic ah, Bordeaux degan oo kaliya waaxda Gironde ah. Bordeaux qulo p. Dordogne, Garonne iyo noocyo kala duwan oo durdurrada yar. Waxaa dhergiyaa baahida beero canab ah dabiici ah oo badan oo gobolka ku qoyaan joogto ah.

cimilada

Bordeaux cimilada qoraxda ku siinayaa:

• afka Gironde iyo joogitaanka biyaha;
• saamayn of Gulf Stream badda cimilada maamulka hadda diiran oo maraysa hawada ee gobolka;
• kaynta Landes, taas oo u adeegta sida ilaalinta fiican ka dabaylo ka West ah.

kala duwanaanta carradu

At afka Gironde iyo Garonne xeebta ka tagay ee ciidda, inta badan ka dhigan sands dhagaxa shubo Garonne ah. carradu dhagaxa noocan oo kale ah (quruurux, dhagax dixeed, ciid) kulaylka adag uruursado iyo biyo sifeeyay, taas oo ka dhigaysa canab bislaanaya ugu fiican. Inta u dhaxaysa ciidda Dordogne iyo Garonne inta badan waa dhoobada iyo nuuradda. Xaaladdan oo kale, xeebta midig ee Dordogne ah, waxaad ka heli kartaa palette ah oo aad u badan oo carradu of Halabuurka kala duwan: lime, dhoobo, ciid dhagax, ciid - oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid leeyihiin guryaha si ay u sii haystaan biyaha roobka. Sidaa darteed, beerta canabka ah waxaa si joogto ah hesho wax badan oo qoyaan.

Bordeaux: Statistics Milicsiga

Guud ahaan, beero canab ah ee degaanka mashquulin ku saabsan 120 kun oo ha. Bordeaux - waa gobolka ugu weyn ee khamri-koraya ee waddanka oo dhan. 11% ka mid ah beeraha canabka ah mashquulin ah noocyada canabka cad 89% - noocyo cas.

Sannad kasta ee Bordeaux soo saaray oo ku saabsan 6 million hectoliters oo khamri ah. Engegan, oo cas cad, khamri pink "Bordeaux", dhalaalaya, cabitaan cad macaan dunida oo dhan. Sanadkii 2007, iibka khamri raagay degaanka gaadhay 760 milyan oo dhalooyin at 3.4 bilyan euros. Isla mar ahaantaana 67% raagay baabbi'iyey si toos ah in France iyo ka hartay 33% waxaa laga dhoofiyey.

meelaha khamri-kordhaya The

Meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee khamri-kordhaysa ee gobolka:

1. Barsac iyo Sauternes (Barsac, Sauternes) - saaray khamri "Bordeaux" cad oo qalalan, macaan.
2. Graves iyo Medoc ah (Graves, Medoc). Canab ah ku yaalaan on bangiga bidix ee River Garonne ah.
3. Libourne (Libournais) - Pomerol, Saint-Emilion, Fronsac, iyo sidoo kale saaxiibbadood. Canab ah ku yaalaan xeebta xaq webiga Dordogne.
4. Galaysa-Deux-Mer - beeraha canabka ah ku yaalliin dhexeeya webiyaasha Dordogne iyo Garonne. Waxay soo saaro oo khamri ah oo cad "Bordeaux".
5. Xeryo de Bordeaux. beeraha canabka ah waa on the bangiyada oo ka mid ah Garonne, Dordogne iyo Gironde ah.
6. Bordeaux iyo Bordeaux Supérieur (Bordeaux Sare, Bordeaux). canab ah waxay ku yaalaan gobolka oo dhan.

story

khamri Faransiis "Bordeaux" waxay leedahay taariikh ah halkii xiiso leh. taariikhda winemaking halkan uu leeyahay oo ku saabsan 2 tobankii. Bituriges qabiil, kuwaas oo ku noolaa in Aquitaine ee koonfur-galbeed qayb ka mid ah Gaul, waxaa halkan kaymo kala duwan oo Cinab qoyaan adkaysi u yeedhay Biturika. Wuxuu waxaa loo tixgeliyaa awoowe ee caanka ah Bordeaux Cabernet Sauvignon. Magaalada ugu weyn ee ahaa Bituriges Burdigala - maanta Bordeaux. In mustaqbalka, qabsashadii by Romans Bituriges keenay aqoon cusub ee winemaking iyo khamri gallic ugu dhaqsaha badan waxay bilaabeen inay midhaha ugu fiican oo beero canab ah Talyaani tartamaan.

In 1152 ee Duchess of Aquitaine iyo Genrih II Plantagenet guursaday, iyo aagga for the saddex boqol oo sannadood ee soo socda noqday gobolkii a British, taas oo ka go'an in ay aayahooda qeybiyaha weyn oo khamri raagay oo dhan ee England. War Sababtoo ah oo ka mid ah Boqol Years 'ayaa gooyey xiriirka ganacsiga barwaaqo, iyo in 1453, ka dib markii ay Battle of Castillon, Aquitaine soo laabtay France.

qarnigii XIX caan ku tahay horumarinta dhaqaalaha xoogan oo Bordeaux. gobolka khamri bilaabay qiimeeyey heerka tayada cusub. Waxay yihiin in baahida weyn, taas oo u dhashay wax faa'iido la taaban karo ee saarayaasha ay. The kala soocidda khamri caanka ah waxaa la ansixiyay ee 1855 ee Bordeaux. Khamrigu iyo maanta lagu qiimeeyo iyada.

The steel khamri Bordeaux tilmaamay inay ku salaysan sanado badan qiimaynta, iyo tayada ah oo deggan damaanad ay ku cabba madaxda guud. Sidaas daraaddeed, Faraj kaliya ee helitaanka dhaqaalaha liiska ahaa tayada sare ee badeecada, iyo sidoo kale sano ay la xaqiijiyay oo waayo aragnimo ah awoodda joogto ah si loo soo saaro wax soo saarka oo tayo sare leh.

raagay Bordeaux: Qoondaynta

kala soocidda rasmi ah 1-dii waxaa la daabacay bishii Abriil 1855 by amarka Napoleon III. Tan waa la sameeyey soo bandhigidda raagay ee Exhibition Adduunka, lagu qabtay Paris. In Chamber Bordeaux Ganacsiga barbaro kala soocidda baray "xarrakada ee dhex- ganacsi", taas oo ahayd Bordeaux Exchange ah. Markaasaa waxaa jiray hawsha abuuraya kala soocidda khamri ah, kaas oo sal u noqon on sano oo khibrad ah. Waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa tayada terroir ah, iyo sidoo kale warkiisii ay u qalmeen. kala soocidda waxaa ka mid ah 60 nooc oo khamri raagay oo cas.

Waxay helay faafinta weyn. Xaaladdan oo kale, madaxda aasaasay waxa by, oo ay ku jiraan shan fasal oo Grand Cru, ayaa la aqoonsan yahay meel ka durugsan goobaha la sifaynayo xirfadeed. In ka badan 150 sano oo jiritaankeeda, kala soocidda this uu maray hal isbedel keliya, mid ka mid ah ugu wanaagsan ee Grand Cru Chateau Mouton Rothschild ayaa helay in 1973.

Khamri "Bordeaux" qalalan cas, hoos soocidda horta waxaa baxay, oo kaliya ku dhuftay xeebta bidix ee Garonne ah, sida ka dibna waxaa ay xukumaan suuqa. Intaa waxaa dheer, xeebta midig ee Dordogne ee Libourne, Regional Rugta Ganacsiga ayaa waxaa ka maqan - waxaa la aasaasay kaliya ee 1910.

khamrigii koowaad iyo labaad

hore waxaa ka mid ah cabitaanka sharafeedka ka baxa geedcanabka ugu da'da weyn soo saaray. Waxay leeyihiin iman kara weyn for gabowga iyo qaab-dhismeedka tannic awood badan. Keena raagay Bordeaux iyo labaad - waxay ka samaysan yihiin canab ka soo geedo canab ah oo dhallinyaro ah, sidaas leeyihiin Nuur iyo qof Maalmihii. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaali karaa da 'yar ah.

canab

Khamri "Bordeaux" ku dhashay oo ka mid guuto ka mid ah dhowr noocyo sabiib ah. noocyo White: 11% ka mid ah aagga canabka ah guud ahaan. noocyo Red: 89% ka mid ah aagga canabka ah guud ahaan.

Merlot

Waxaa degan aagga ugu weyn, taas oo 62% ka mid ah dhulka oo la degan beero canab ah cas ee gobolka. Tani kala duwan bislaada hore jecel yahay ciid qoyan badan ee dhoobada iyo dareensan wanaagsan ee Pomerol iyo Saint Emilion. khamrigii keentaa buuxnaantiisa, xarrago iyo midabka. Khamri raagay oo kala duwan waxa ay kala yihiin jilicsan, si deg deg ah ay gaaraan tirada buuxda oo dhadhan, halkii ay ka raagay ka Cabernet, iyo sidoo kale bartaan qoryo iyo dhadhankii "duurjoogta ah".

Cabernet Sauvignon

Waxay ka dhigan tahay fasalka ka dib taas oo ku haboon in ay carradu diiran oo qalalan caadi ah oo ciidda ku jirto qabriga iyo Medoc. Khamri, ku dhashay ka, calaamadeeyay by aromas of basbaas iyo casaan miraha, jilcincy ka dib kaydinta iyo waxay leeyihiin a dhadhan tannic awood badan.

Cabernet Franc

Ugu badnaan ku beerayaa Saint-Emilion. Dadka ku nool gobolka Halkan waxaa lagu magacaabaa Bush. Waxay soo saartaa raagay caraf udgoon u maldahan ee blackberry, denser, xoog.

Noocyo kale oo canab cas: Cat (ama Malbec), Carmenere iyo Petit Verdot.

Semillon

Inta badan waxa ay dhacdaa gobollada in ay soo saaraan khamriga macaan cad: Barsac, Sauternes, Saint-Croix-du-gutaa, halkaas oo ay jiraan xaalado nolol sharaf leh qudhmay (ama fungus Botrytis tsinerea). Kuwani khamriga macaan leedahay cado dahab ah, macaan, dhadhan hadda nasoo iyo delicious.

Sauvignon Blanc

fasalka waxa uu leeyahay a iman kara udgoon oo Calaamaysan. khamri cad oo qalalan isaga ka dhadhan af iyo cusub, calaamadeeyay blakkarant kelyaha caraf udgoon cajiib ah oo sharxay.

Muscadelle

canab Tani waxay doorteen ciidda clayey, taas waa iska caabiya qudhmi. raagay White fasalka this sameeyey waxaa lagu gartaa roundness ah caraf ubaxa ee dhadhanka iyo aysidhka hooseeyo.

noocyo caadi ah oo kale oo canab cad: Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc oo Colombard.

Vintages ee Bordeaux

booska wanaagsan juquraafi ee gobolka ay go'aamiso tirayn sare ee cimilada ee muddo kala duwan, marka la gobollada kale ee khamri-qaadasho ah ee caalamka marka la barbar dhigo. saaraha Tani waa dareen fiican si taxadar leh ka fiirsan saameynta arrimood oo saamayn ku yeelan kara tayada beergooyska, iyo sidoo kale si ay u fuliyaan shaqada si fiican ee winery iyo beeraha canabka ah, si loo yareeyo saamaynta la filaayo in sanad adag.

Winemaker waa lagama maarmaan in la xakameeyo xaaladda by qaadashada go'aanka saxda ah waqtiga saxda ah. guridda kasta by qeexidda waa mid gaar ah. Sidaa darteed, khamriga sanad walba waxay leeyihiin awood for-gaadhista iyo sifooyinka kala duwan.

Khamri "Bordeaux": dib u eegista

Dabcan, ma aad heli kartaa dib u eegista xun oo ku saabsan khamri ka soo jeeda gobolka Bordeaux ah. Marka laga reebo in ay qiimaha sare ee wax soo saarka ka qaban karin. Laakiin tan, sida aan ogaaday, ay jiraan sababo. Lovers raagay tayo wanaagsan xusay, dhadhanka macaan ee cabitaanka maxaliga ah, dhadhan ay hodan iyo bouquets xarrago leh. Qof ayaa hore u koray jeclaan of iidda khamri dhalinyaro ah, kaas oo ka dhici dhan kor fidiyeen meeshii, iyo sidoo kale ku riyaaqayaa dhadhanka cajiib ah oo cusub, sharaabka oo kaliya si cajiib leh tayo kala duwan canab ugu fiican.