Duuliyaha Jarmal Hartman Erih

Qof kasta waa la yaqaan la waaweyn ee duuliye Soviet ACES, tusiyey geesinimo lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Laakiin in yar ayaa la sheegay oo ku saabsan xaqiiqada ah in duuliye Jarmal ee muddada gudaheedana sinaba uma ay liita aviators our. Waxaa intaa dheer, pilot Jarmalka Hartman Erih waa xiddiga ah isagoo tirada ugu badan ee guul taariikhda duulista dunida. Aynu wada hadlaan si faahfaahsan uu Biography.

dhalinyarada

Hartman Erih Alfred waxa uu ku dhashay April 19, 1922 in magaalada yar ee falka san, ee dalka reer Wurttemberg. Isagu ma uu ahaa ilmaha kaliya ee qoyska, xiddiga mustaqbalka waxay lahayd walaal ka yar, Alfred, ka dib sidoo kale dagaal tijaabo ah.

In 20-mada ay qoyska Hartmann ayaa go'aansaday inuu u dhaqaaqo China. Sababta ahaa saboolnimada ba'an taas oo ay jirto ahaa qoys ee Germany waxay maraysaa waqti in xiisadda dhaqaale aad u daran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mar hore 1928, Hartman Erih, waalidiinta iyo walaalkiis, ayaa lagu qasbay inuu ku laabto dhulkooda hooyo, halkaas oo ay ku degeen magaalada Weil im Schönbuch ee ciyaarta heshay.

Love for duulista ahaa dhiig Erich sababtoo ah hooyada Elise Hartman uu ahaa mid ka mid ah duuliyayaasha haweeneydii ugu horeysay ee Germany. In 30-ka, ayay xataa furay dugsiga dayuurad yar u gaar ah in wiilkeedii uu ahaa guul u soo dhammaystay.

dugsiga sare ka dib, Hartman Erih ee 1936 helay Machadka Qaranka ee Waxbarashada Siyaasadda. Saddex sano ka dib, wuxuu ka dhigaa gabar ku Waswaasiyo Ursula, kii uu la kulmay inta waxbarashada dugsiga sare durba Korntal. Dabcan, iyadu ma diidi karin sida nin xiiso leh iyo rajo yar yar sida Erich Hartmann. Photos ka album qoyska la hoos ku arki karaa.

Start adeegga

Ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, pilot mustaqbalka Erich Hartmann go'aansaday in ay u adeegaan ee Luftwaffe ah - Ciidamada Cirka Wehrmacht. Ka dib markii mid ah guul cajiib ah oo ka mid ah ACES Jarmal ah, intuu doonayay oo koray oo keliya xoog, iyo dhammaan wuu ku liibaanay tababarka uu duulimaadka ee October 1941.

In bilood ee hore ee 1942 la Erich uu sameeyay fasalada iyo bara mid ka mid ah ACES top Jarmal - Hogan. Dhab ahaantii Tani, dabcan, aan mustaqbalka aan saameyn ku yeelan kartaa doonaa natiijada ay fiican. Oo muhiimad lahaa fasalo ay dagaalka ah "Messerschmitt Bf109», kuwaas oo la Hartman Erih xidhan inta kale ee uu mustaqbalkiisa sida tijaabo ah.

Ugu dambeyntii, bishii Oktoobar 1942, xiddiga mustaqbalka loo diray North Caucasus oo qayb ka ah Ninth Qiimeynta 52aad Fighter Qiimeynta (JG-52), kaas oo markii hore u lahaa ammaan iyo warkiisii, hogaaminayo ay Taliyaha Dietrich Grabakom.

Nasiib wacan markaaga xiga

Si dhakhso ah, waxaa jiray baabtiis dab Erich Hartmann. Wax xiddiga mustaqbalka geesinimada ama aad u fiican uma uusan ka go'an. wada Samaynta horyaalka iyadoo uu mentor toos Edmund Rossman, hortiisa nin weyn uu ka lumay. Intaa waxaa dheer, diyaaradaha ee Erich Hartmann soo gaaray weerar lama filaan ah oo dagaalka ku Soviet. Laakiin waa in aan bixin cashuur pilot dhallinyarada - inuu weli aysan awoodin in ay hesho ka soo furtay cadowga iska iyo camera gelin.

Aqoonyahano badan ayaa markii danbe ku dhawaaqay in Erich Hartman fudud cabsi. Laakiin cabsi ayaa lagu gartaa dhowaad dhammaan duuliyayaasha, ka dhigay ay sortie ugu horeysay, iyo xataa kuwa noqday xiddiga la aqoonsan yahay mustaqbalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in diyaarad sii Erich weligood argagax a si ay ula wareegaan hogaanka horyaalka.

guushoodii ugu horeysay

Laakiin, inkastoo sida bilowga ah nixiyay ee mustaqbalkiisa military, horraantii November Hartman Erih aysan awoodin in ay helaan uu guul ugu horeysay ee cadowga hawada.

Victim of labaatan pilot noqday diyaarad Soviet weerar IL-2, taas oo uu had iyo jeer ahaa koox aad u xun oo halis u ah duuliye Jarmal. Laakiin Erich u suurtagashay in ay si farsamo qaban. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay u dhowaan diyaaradaha cadowgu sida ugu dhow ee suurto gal ah oo lagu doonayo si aad u hesho saliid meeldhexaadka ah. xeelad waxa uu tababaray duuliye dhallinyarada dagaalamaan xiddiga Jarmalka Alfred Grislavsky. Later, pilot Hartman ayaa trick this si joogta ah loo isticmaalo ee dagaalka kula noocan ah ee qalabka.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida had iyo jeer, waxay ahayd in Daqsi cadar in cadar ah. dhawaanshaha fog ee diyaaradda fiilo ciyaaray kaftan aan naxariis lahayn, iyo burbur waxaa ka mid ah khali qalab Erich. Wuxuu ayaa lagu qasbay in la sameeyo degtey xaalad deg deg ah. Waxay ahayd cashar wanaagsan pilot dhallinyarada, si ay u sii wado, ka dib markii Garaaci cadowga at kala duwan oo ku dhow, mar walba waxaan isku dayay inaan sida ugu dhakhsaha badan si uu diyaarad jidka ka leexin.

saacad fiican

Ka dib markii this dagaalka xad guul raacay taxane ah oo hawlgallada lagu guulaysan. Sidaas daraaddeed, Erich Hartmann saddexda bilood ee soo socda uu karin inuu hoos u garaacayaa unit ka mid ah oo kaliya cadowga.

Tani saacad guuleed waayo pilot dhallinyarada dhacay waqti ka mid ah Battle of Kursk, meel July iyo August 1943. Inkastoo natiijada guud kahdo dagaalka ee ciidamada Jarmalka, in marka Eric muujiyeen natiijooyinka ugu fiican. Ka dib markii dagaalo Kursk gadaalba ka on xaq u ahaa go'an darajo - xiddiga duuliyaha. Hartman Erih waayo, maalintii dagaalka kaliya hal tusay natiijo aan caadi aheyn, toogtay hoos toddoba diyaaradaha cadowga.

In mustaqbalka, pilot kaliya in la kordhiyo tirada guul. Inta lagu guda jiro bisha August ee 1943 uu hoos u toogtay 43 diyaaradaha Soviet, iyo tiradiisa waqtigan ay gaareen iyo sagaashan.

baxsado mucjisada ah

In mid ka mid ah dagaalo kuwaas oo si dirqi ah kaga baxsadeen maxaabiis ahaan Erich Hartmann. Quusiyay qoran nafsaddiisa, oo sheegaya in si faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan dhacdada.

Marka darawalku Jarmal la duuliye Soviet diriray uu dhaawac halis ah diyaaradaha uu sababay. Ka dib markii qalab kale oo cadowga reebtay Hartman Erih, Goosimo boomerang hagoogtay gaari u gaar ah. Tani qasbay xiddiga ah dalka territory cadowga.

Erich ku hawlan dayactirka uu diyaarad. Laakiin markaas, wuxuu arkay in meeshii uu dayactir ku qaatay dhowaanin askartii ka mid ah askarta Soviet. Fursada kaliya in ay ka baxsadaan oo ay ka fogaadaan qabtay waxay ahayd inuu iska yeel inay ku dhaawacmeen xun. Hartmann ka faa'ideystay fursad this si fiican. Uu jilitaanka ahayd si hufan in Ciidamada Red in ay aaminsan yihiin in Eric waa xaalad u dhimanayaan.

Askar ku raran xiddiga Jarmalka bareelo iyo gaari xamuul ah in ay unit soo diray. Laakiin Erich, hagaajinta la joogo, ka booday gaariga oo ku soo orday. No rasaas loogu talagalay xagga Hartman, hana ku dhuftay bartilmaameedka, laakiin, la yaab, ilaaliye horay dhinaca Jarmal ee hore, waxaa isaga loo dhaawacay ciidan u gaar ah, kaas oo la ansixiyay duuliyaha carcarara cadowga.

Way adag tahay in xukumi sida sheeko run sheegay Erich Hartmann. Quusiyay ah pilot waa isha kaliya kaas oo dunida ogayn.

horumar dheeraad ah

Inkastoo ciidanka Jarmal socday gurteen inay soohdimaha Reich ah, Eric Hartman la dagaalanka kasta ayaa kor u kacay tirada guul ay shakhsi. By dhamaadka 1943 ay tirada wuxuu u dhigmaa ku dhowaad boqol iyo lixdan. By waqtiga Al ayaa si aad u hesho abaal marin ah Knight ayaa Cross - soocin ugu sareeya ciidanka dalka Jarmalka.

Tiro badan oo guul Hartman beertiisa abuur ah oo shaki ay isku halaynta, xataa Taliska Sare ee Jarmalka. Laakiin ka dib, Eric ahaa si ay u caddeeyaan in tuhun sida aan sal lahayn awood. Bilowga March 1944 tirada diyaaradaha cadowga toogtay hoos xiddiga Jarmalka, dhaafto laba boqol, sida of 1 July, ayaa gaaray laba boqol iyo konton.

Waqtigaa dagaalka masraxa Yurub ee colaadaha galay Air Force Maraykanka. Haddaba waa diyaaradaha Maraykanka, oo inta badan "Mustangs" ayaa aheyd kooxda ugu weyn ee tijaabo ah oo Jarmal.

Laakiin warkiisiina wuxuu leeyahay laba dhinac ee hal shilin. Marka in August 1944, tirada guul by Erich dhaafto saddex boqol, oo wuxuu noqday halyeeyga nool, xiddiga ugu guulaha badan ee waqtiga oo dhan. Waxa inaga dhigay qabaa hoggaanka Wehrmacht in ay dhacdo uu dhintay, xaqiiqda aad buu u niyad ciidanka Jarmal. Sidaa darteed waxaa la go'aamiyay in laga saaro aagga pilot halyeeyga dagaalka firfircoon. Iyada oo dhib weyn, Hartmann u suurtagashay in ay difaacaan xaqa ay u leeyihiin in ay safka hore.

dagaal Dhameystirka

Horraantii 1945, Erich Hartmann la siiyey amarka link koox dad ah a. Waxaa sidoo kale cadeeyay in meel this.

dagaal ugu dambeysay ee uu xiddiga Jarmalka lagu qabtay May 8, 1945, in fact, mar hore ka dib markii uu saxiixa dhiibin Jarmalka, magaalada Czechoslovak of Brno. Oo maalintaas ayuu hoos u toogtay dagaalka ah Soviet. Laakiin, isagoo fahamsan waxba tarayn ee iska caabin ah, ugu danbeyn Hartman la haraadiga uu unit ayaa lagu qasbay in ay is dhiibaan si ciidanka qalabka sida ee Maraykanka qeybinta.

dagaalka ka dib,

Ka dib markii dhamaadkii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, sida uu heshiis u dhexeeya Liibaanay, Erich Hartmann waxaa lagu wareejiyey by Americans ilaa dhankiisa Soviet sida askari, kuwaas oo la diriray Army Cas.

In Midowga Soofiyeeti Hartmann uu mar lagu xukumay 10 sano dembiyo dagaal. Oo markaas 25 sano qabanqaabada fallaago ah oo xabsi ah. Laakiin sannadkii 1955 xiddiga halyeeyga la sii daayay, sida uu heshiis laba geesood ah oo u dhexeeya USSR iyo Germany on celinta ee maxaabiista dagaalka.

Isla markii guriga soo laabtay Hartmann kabsaday adeegga military sida saraakiisha. Wuxuu ayaa loo magacaabay taliyaha koox dad ah ay. iscasilaadda ee xiddiga caanka ku hadhay 1970, inkastoo ay sii waday in ay ka shaqeeyaan ka dib markii diyaarad macallinka.

Dhimashada gaadheen Erica Hartmann September 19, 1993, at da'da 71.

Personality xiddiga fiican

Hartman waxaa lagu gartaa saaxiibadii qof bulsho ah oo faraxsan. Waxa uu si deg deg ah ku shubtay galay kooxda cusub oo had iyo jeer ku riyaaqay ixtiraam iyo naxariis ah saaxiibo. Ma aha nin kasta oo laga yaabaa in si ku guuleysto sida Erich Hartmann. Photos in aan la heli karaa, loo xaqiijiyo mar kale caddayn uu dabeecadda bulsho ah. Waxay had iyo jeer waxa uu muujiyay dhoola iyo farxad, inta badan ee shirkadda ka mid ah asxaabta.

Shaqaalaheenna siiyey Hartmann naaneesta cayaar "Bubi", taas oo macnaheedu yahay "Boy Little". Sababta ahaa intuu welwelo dhererkiisa gaaban iyo xaqiiqda ah in uu eegay yar da'diisa.

Erich Hartmann marnaba jeclaa in ay ka qayb qaataan in a dagaallada hawada daal dheer, oo doorbiday in ay u dhaqmaan si lama filaan ah oo si dhakhso ah, laakiin at kala duwan oo ku dhow. Ka dib markii joojinta, wuxuu isku dayay inuu u cararo sida ugu dhaqsaha badan oo dagaalka ku jira, aan la daboolay jajabkii diyaarad fiilo ama haleel by cadowga darawalada kale. Waxaa laga yaabaa in si hufan sababta oo ah xeeladahaas Hartman ahaa awoodaan in ay gaaraan tirada sida fiican ee guul.

Guulaha iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay

Currently, taariikhyahanadu badan military iyo biographers sahaminta mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed oo kale ayaa tijaabo u fiican, Erich Hartmann. Photos, waraaqaha, qorkiisa caawimaad weyn oo aanu shaqo adag.

Erich Hartmann kasbatay soo xirtay horyaalka ee xiddiga ugu weyn ee waqtiga oo dhan. Total waayo dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, wuxuu ka qaybgalay 802 dagaalo hawada, kuwaas oo 352 ay keentay guul in weli waa natiijada unsurpassed. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa ku jira 1404 weera ah ayaa la sameeyey.