Chuvash enlightener Ivan Yakovlev: Biography, hal-abuurka iyo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka

enlightener Chuvash Ivan Yakovlev waxa uu ku dhashay on April 25, 1848 in Novotimbaevo tuulada aad tagfi-Cats ee Simbirsk. Wuxuu ahaa ina soo ridayeen a saboolka ah, iyo da'da aad u hore, oo waxaa hadhay oo aan waalidiinta. ilmaha agoonta ah qaatay qoyska Chuvash Pakhomov tuulada la mid ah.

sanadaha hore

Inanku waa nasiib si aad u hesho waxbarasho, taas oo mustaqbalka ogolaan doonaa ma aha oo kaliya si ay u bilaabaan xirfado, laakiin fidiyaan dadweynaha ee gobolka Volga ah. In 1856, wiilka u soo baxeen inay bartaan dugsiga tuulada dariska la ah degmada Buinsk.

Ivan Yakovlev halkaas ka helay mahad xeerarka oo soo saartay hay'ad gaar ah oo masuul ka ah waxbarashada Agoonta beeralayda. Beeraha School ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey 1860. Waxaa Ivan Yakovlev ahaa ardayga ugu fiican. awoodaha dabiiciga ah iyo talanti ogol yahay isaga si aad u hesho dugsiga degmada ee magaalada gobolka Simbirsk ah, ka dibna dugsiga sare ee degmada.

Aqoon dhaqanka Chuvash ah

Yakovlev ahaa in kormeerayaal xagga fasalka. Ka dib markii qalin-jabinta dugsiga sare, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay muddo afar sano ah in ay qaas ahaan xafiiska gaar Simbirsk. In merschikom miyi, dhallinyarada Ivan Yakovlev safray ma aha oo kaliya hooyo, laakiin sidoo kale deriska ah Kazan iyo gobolka Samara. Safrida ma waxtarla'aan u tago. Booqashada tuulada iyo helitaanka in la ogaado dadka deegaanka si fiican u aqoonsan yahay nolosha sahmiyaha, dhaqanka iyo nolosha dadweynaha ee gobolka Volga ah, ku dhex jirtay Ruush, tataarka, Chuvash iyo Mordovian.

Isla mar ahaantaana in dunida Yakovlev dhallinyarada, si xoog leh u saameeyay fikradaha deeqsi ah ee 60 ka. qarnigii XIX. Ka dib markii amarradaada, kuwaas oo, uu garawsannay in dadka Chuvash hooyo ee u baahan waxbarashada, sal-dhaqanka Ruush iyo sidoo kale waxbarashada akhriska iyo qoraalka yimid. In heerka gobolka Volga ay qaybinta ahaa mid aad u yar marka la barbardhigo caasimadda. Ivan Yakovlev rumeysan yahay in, si loo wanaajiyo nolosha Chuvash ah, ma u leeyihiin in ay door biday in ay kacdoonkii lagu hoobtay iyo isbedelka bulsho. Waxaa ku filan in iftiiminaya dadka iyo cilinta dhaqankooda.

baraha

Si loo fuliyo uu qorshaha Yakovlev noqday macalin si ay u helaan lacag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqo this aan ahaa inuu shaqo ugu weyn. Money ka casharka bilaabo macalinka bilaabeen inay ku bixiyaan ururka iyo content ay dugsiyada gaarka ah u gaar ah ee caruurta Chuvash.

In marxaladda ugu horeysay tan, saaxiib iyo saaxiibkiisa ugu weyn baraha ahaa ninka ay isku wadanka Aleksey Rekeev. Waxa uu la wadaago fikrado iyo filayo lahaa Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev. Biography macalimiinta tilmaamay in ay doonayaan in ay carruurtooda ka soo gobollada baro kaliya kuma xamaasad haatan dhalinyarada - ay dhab ahaantii waxaa ka go'an in ujeedada this naftooda.

taageerayaasha

Yakovlev ayaa taageero weyn Ilya Ulyanov - kormeere ee dugsiyada dadweynaha gobolka Simbirsk iyo Vladimir Lenin aabihiis. Waxa uu gargaar ka qayb qaatay fidinta macalinka da'da yar ee dugsiga. In 1870, Ivan Yakovlev ka qalin tababarka ee dugsiga sare, helay bilad dahab ah. Ka dib markii uu u tegey in ay sii wadaan waxbarashada ee jaamacadda Kazan. Intii uu maqnaa ku saabsan daryeelka dugsiga Chuvash Ilya Ulyanov. Kormeeraha dugsiyada dadweynaha ee buugga ardayga, suugaanta ee loo baahan yahay iyo xataa lacag u soo diray, si uu si xor ah ka heli karto qaaska ah.

Jaamacadda Yakovlev la kulmay professor iyo khabiir ku hiddaha, Nikolaem Ilminskim. Isaga oo la-talin faahfaahsan loo ogol yahay for a xarfaha cusub Chuvash, abuuray oo ku saleysan naqshadeynta Slavic. Ma u baahan tahay soo daahday in ay dib u cusboonaysiinta. Dhab ahaantii waxa uu ahaa in xarfaha hore, loo isticmaalaa in ay sal u drevnebulgarsky luqadda Turkic waa dhacsan, oo waxaa loo adeegsanayaa oo keliya qayb yar oo ka mid ah dadweynaha.

edition of ABC

ah ee ah Primer cusub Chuvash ma aha raagay. Buuga waxaa la daabacay 1872. Primer iyo sheekooyinka ku qoran ka dib Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev noqday guul u tahay horumarka dhaqanka ee qaranka oo ka mid ah dadka gobolka Volga ah. Books baraha si deg deg ah helay taageero, oo waxay noqdeen sida runta ah oo caan ah. Primer laba wareegga kowaad wuxuu daabacay at macallinkiisa kharash gaar ah. baraha go'aan tooda ma ahaa la yaab leh in kuwa si fiican isaga yiqiin.

Dad badan oo dadaal, waqti iyo khayraadka kale si loo baro tacsida ah ku qaatay Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev. Biography ee ninkanu waa nin cajiib ah oo dhalaalaya, maxaa yeelay, ma jiro mid ka hor inta aan la dadaal badan si ay u caawiyaan horumarinta dhaqanka Chuvash ah. In 70-aad Yakovlev ka caawiyay in ay dhalinyarada iyo xamaasad dhallinyaro ah oo leh wuxuu ku hawl kasta.

Kormeeraha Chuvash dugsiyada

In 1875, arday ka qalin jabiyay Jaamacadda Kazan la degree ah in Taariikhda iyo Philology. Haddaba isaga ka soo hor furay fursadaha cusub. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa noqday kormeere, indheeyo xaalada dugsiyada Chuvash ee gobollada Volga. meesha isaga deganaanshaha joogtada ahaa Simbirsk, halkaas oo xarunta dugsiga degmada.

Waxay ahayd markaa in philologist iyo taariikhyahan bilaabay in xoog buuxa hawlo waxbarasho iyo waxbarashada. Waxay waxaa ka buuxay welwelidda, walwal iyo iska horimaad riwaayado saraakiisha maxalliga ah. Laakiin waqti isku mid ah sheeko kasta dadweynaha Ivan Yakovlev ku saabsan kiiska naftiisa oo dhan soo jiitay isaga taageerayaasha badan. Intaasu waa intii aan jixinjixa kaliya dadka. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ahaayeen kuwii gobta ahaa gobolka kuwaas oo hanataan lacag iyo saamaynta. Inta badan ay sabab u tahay iyagoo baraha aan u awoodin inuu madaxa dugsiga Simbirsk Chuvash taagan. Dugsigu wuxuu si dhaqso ah u noqday arrin maxaliga ah. Dugsiga wuxuu helay qaaska ah macalimiinta mustaqbalka, kuwaas oo bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan dugsiyada yar ee degaanka, caawinta carruurta Chuvash takhaluso qoris la'aanta. Waayo konton sannadood Simbirskaya School ayaa soo saaray dhowr kun oo macalimiin. Hay'addani waxbarashada ahayd xarun muhiim u ah dhaqanka iyo suugaanta Chuvash.

hawlaha suugaanta

Maxaa sax ah sameeyey Ivan Yakovlev? Biography waa tusaale ka mid ah macalin joogto ah nin qoraal. Baraha si joogto ah la daabacay buugaagta cusub, buugta, turjumay luqada farshaxanka Chuvash, caafimaadka, beeraha, iyo suugaanta ee kale. sheekooyinka gaar ahaan caan Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev loogu talagalay carruurta. Waxay waxaa la daabacay sida ururinta iyo anthologies, isla markiiba ku dhex tacsida faafin. guriga Chuvash kasta halkaas oo carruurta waxay ku kor dhasheen, buugaagta, kuwaas oo noqday tixraac.

meel gaar ah waa dhaxalkii epistolary Yakovlev. warqadihiisa Illuminator iyo tacliin, saynisyahano, fannaaniin, fannaaniin, saxafiyiinta iyo daabacayaasha. Waayo konton sannadood ayuu abbaaraha laba kun xuruufta waaweyn ku qoray. Haddaba iyagu waa dhan qiimaha taariikhda iyo dhaqanka. Thanks iyaga, oo aad dib kartaa Volga gobolka XIX dabayaaqadii - qarnigii XX hore. Waraaqaha iyo sheekooyin Ivana Yakovleva si joogta daabacay in Soviet iyo xilligii casri ah.

baraha Chuvash

Mabda'a weyn ee baraha ahaa fikrad ah in dhaqanka Chuvash waa in la dhexgeliyey Ruush ah, oo ay dhacdo in kasta oo aan galo khilaafka u leh. Yakovlev loo arkaa in danaha dadka boqortooyadiisa ballaaran, ka dibna gobolka hantiwadaagga aan looga hortagi karo. On lid ku ah, oo quruumaha oo dhan, iyadoo aan loo eegin khilaafkooda iyo jinsiyadaha kala duwan, waa in ay qaataan Jidka midoobidda iyo xoojinta xiriirka u dhaxeeya.

Mabda 'Tani waa fiican ka muuqataa waxqabadka macalinka ee la xiriira waxbarashada Chuvash ah. Yakovlev rumeysan yahay in dadka ay tahay in ay ku biiraan diinta kiristaanka ah, sababtoo ah waa diin noqon kartaa link muhiim ah oo u dhexeeya kooxaha qowmiyadaha kala duwan. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, ayuu afka Chuvash jeestay, qaar ka mid ah qoraallada baybalka, oo ay ku jiraan ayaa kitaabkii Sabuurrada iyo Axdiga Cusub. Waayo, isla Ivan Yakovlevich waqtiga uu abuuray xarfaha cusub oo ku salaysan alifbeetada Cyrillic ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, in uu aaminsan yahay in ay lagama maarmaan ahayd in barasho dadweynaha Ruush la Chuvash dhab ah - nolosha, dhaqanka iyo caadooyinka. Illuminator sii waday in ay ku baro oo ku qoro buugaagta in ay da 'weyn.

Wuxuu on October 23, 1930 ku geeriyooday. Maanta, xusuusta reer Ivan Yakovlev sharfay ee gobolka Volga oo dhan, iyo gaar ahaan dadka Chuvash.