Difaac humoral

habka difaaca jidhka bini'aadamka ka ilaaliya dulin, fayrusyada, bakteeriyada, waxyaabaha sunta ah ee ay nolosha iyo ma aha oo kaliya. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la kala saaro iska caabin ah jirka ee cudurrada qaba sida dhalin (non-gaar ah) ka nooca helay (gaar). ilaalinta dhalin bakteeriyada waxaa sababa hiddo. Farsamo nonspecific (ama la dhalin) difaac wareer badan yihiin arrimo phagocytosis iyo barar.

difaac gaar ah waa nidaam la ogaado sensor saxda ah ee jidhka. Its tallaabo la faray at reading macluumaadka ka gardarrada pathogenic - cudur oo iyaga lagu kaydiyo. Intracellular helay caabiga cudurka shaqeeya si ay u ilaaliyaan unugyada meesha bannaan ee hoose. difaac humoral Waxaa fuliyay dheecaanka extracellular.

unugyada difaaca First cudurka macrophages shaqeeyo in si xor ah u haajiraan ee dareeraha intercellular, intaannu xidhno u antigen ah, waxaa la aqoonsaday. By jiraan jawaab ilaaliya xirmaan unugyada gargaare T kaabayaal iyo firfircoonaan B-limfosaytis. limfosaytis Soon waxaa modified, beddelaa unugyada plasma, kaas oo ay soo saaraan unugyada gaar ah. Sayidka sameeyay helay jawaabta difaaca humoral la formation of unugyada xusuusta gaar ah, kaydinta macluumaadka ku saabsan antigen ah. Marka antigen sare galo reaction baxsad jawaab antibody jirka la mid ah awood iska xanaajin, tusaale ahaan, xaaladda xasaasiyadeed.

difaac Humoral ku xiran tahay saamiga soo saaray dhuuxa lafta of T-gargaare iyo T-suppressors, advantageously 2: 1. la xiriirta la jebiyo ee AIDS dhab ahaan ka soo horjeeda 1: 2, unugyada T-gargaare dhinta, fayruska cudurka. Sidaa darteed, cudurka kasta oo weli la aqoonsan, in ay tahay sababta dhimashada ee u shaqeeyo.

Qoondaynta oo ah unugyada difaaca jirka ee dhexdhexaad ah extracellular ee u shaqeeyo

Cudur deegaanka si kala duwan in si ay u xakameeyo nidaamka humoral soo saari kartaa 108 kala duwan oo ka antibodies gaar ah. Qaybaha badan oo ka mid ah borotiinka DNA ah kuwo gaar ah oo ay qaab-dhismeedka, ay go'aan ka kala duwanaanta antibody ah.

Immunoglobulins shan fasalada bixiyaan cudur jawaabta difaaca deggan.

1. Class G.

Immunoglobulin G fasalka ee jirka aadanaha ka badan inta kale (ilaa 18 g halkii litir). IG G dagaalamaan sunta, bakteeriyada, fayrusyada ku jira dhiigga iyo dheecaanka.

2. Class A.

Immunoglobulins waa serum-fasalka, kuwa wareejin dhiigga iyo qanjidhada secretory dheecaannada jidhka. borotiinada globular ee serum dhiig ayaa ka mas'uul ah difaac guud. dheecaan immunoglobulin siisaa ilaalinta degaanka infakshanka, sunta, abuuraya caqabad ah in wax lays ee ay mass. difaac Humoral waxaa bixiya antibodies IGA lagu muujiyay at ARI, pneumonia, korontada nabar faafa.

3. Class E.

immunoglobulins Class E waxaa si toos ah oo ku lug leh burburkii of sunta ah ee phagocytosis ee Qurub shisheeye, iyagoo lagala kulmo iyo dhexdhexaadnimada, baabbi'innay layers sare ah unugyada bakteeriyada. content ee IG E ee dareeraha intercellular kordhiyaa cudurada sida caabuqa ee dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta. Kooxda ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ah unugyada IG E in erythrocytes asal ahaan ajaanibta ah.

4. Class D.

Immunoglobulin fasalka D wareejin badanaa xuubka plasma ee unugyada, iyo ka-fiirsashada serum ah waa ay yar yihiin. borotiinada Function limfosaytis IG D B tilmaamaya takhasuska looga baahan yahay, ay ku jiraan shaqada oo la xidhiidha geedi shalalka.

5. Class M.

Immunoglobulin IG M wareejin gudaha weelashii, unugyada plasma bedelay mararka ka mid ah cudur ingress hoose galay jidhka. Protein IG M ka mid ah difaaca awood humoral in bacteremia.