Biography Nikolaya Gastello. Feat Gastello, dhaadhacay taariikhda

Nikolay Frantsevich Gastello, feat ah taas oo lagu tilmaami doonaa in this article, waxa uu ku dhashay 1907 in Moscow, wuxuuna ku dhintay 1941. dib u eegis Tani waxay isku dayi doonaan in ay si kooban kuu sheegi ah oo ku saabsan waqtiyada ugu muhiimsan ee nolosha geesi Soviet.

Yaa ahaayeen waalidiinta Aviator caanka ah?

Waxa ay ahayd tijaabo ah Soviet military, xubin ka mid ah saddexda dagaallada, taliyaha koox dad ah labaad. Waxa uu ku dhintay markii uu ka tagay ciidamada. Gastello - Hero of Soviet Union. badideed ayaa waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Nikolayu Frantsevichu uu Ottawa degenaa.

Yaa ahaayeen waalidiinta Gastello, geesi dhab ah? Aabbaha Nikolai Pavlovich yeedhay Franz Gastello. Wuxuu ahaa Ruush Jarmal ah. Wuxuu ku dhashay tuulada Pluzine. Marka waxa ay bilowday in 1900, Waxaan u imid inaan shaqo raadsado ee Moscow, halkaas oo uu bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo Kazan Tareenka ee foundries. Hooyada magaceeduna wuxuu ahaa Nicholas Daahir Riyaale Semyonovna Kutuzov. Waxay ahayd ee asal ahaan Ruush, shaqeeyeen sidii seamstress a.

Haddaba maxaad Nikolai Gastello feat sameeyaa? Waxaa laga yaabaa in jawaabta uu Biography? Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay si kooban u fiirsada mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ee Nicholas.

dhalinyarada Gastello

Laga soo bilaabo 1914 in 1918 Nikolay bartay dugsiga magaalada Sokolniki raggii saddexaad ee loo magacaabay ka dib markii A. S. Pushkina. abaar A cabsi badan 1918 qasbay waalidiinta waqtiga waxaa gaadiidka ka Moscow, si wada jir ah ula koox ka mid ah dugsiga-Muscovites, uu u soo diray inuu Bashkiria.

In 1919, Nikolai dib ugu Moscow, halkaas oo uu mar kale galay dugsiga tegey. Nikolai bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan 1923, wuxuu noqday nijaarkii arday ah. Later, ee 1924, qoyska Gastello u dhaqaaqay magaalada Moore, halkaas oo ay ku Nicholas dhallinyarada noqday makaanik at iyaga warshad tareenka. Dzerzhinsky, halkaas oo uu ka shaqeeyay sidii aabbihiis. In isku midka ah shaqada, ayuu ka qalin jabiyey dugsiga sare (wakhtiga maanta ka jira Dugsiga ee No. 33). In 1928 wuxuu galay CPSU ah. In 1930, xubnaha qoyska Gastello mar kale ku soo laabtay Moscow, iyo Nicholas bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan warshad ugu horeysay injineernimada dadweynaha iyaga. 1-dii May. Nicholas ku noolaa Khlebnikovo tuulada ka 1930 si ay u 1932.

Adeeggu wuxuu ku Army Cas

In 1932, bishii May, sida ay go'an gaarka ah ee Nikolai la qoray galay Army Cas. Oo maxaa yeelay, taas waxaa loo soo diray in ay ka barato Pilot School Ciidamada Cirka ee magaalada Lugansk. Tababarka ayaa ka dhacay meel ka May 1932 in December 1933.

Isna wuxuu u adeegay in Qarax kow iyo labaatanaad ayaa siddeetan labaad Qiimeynta Oo Qarax culus culus Aviation Brigade, salka ah taas oo ahayd magaaladii Rostov-on-Don, 1938. Waxaa uu bilaabay tijaabo ah inuu u duulo dhinaca midig on Qarax culus saddexaad. Oo 1934 (November) Nikolay horay Dulmiyey maamula diyaaradaha. ayuu qabaa laga yaabaa in mustaqbalka feat ah - pilot feat a Gastello - weligeedba way sii joogi doonaa taariikhda Russia?

dagaalkii ugu horeeyay ee Gastello

Sababo la Manhajkooda ka mid ah, in 1938, Nicholas ahaa Ciidankii Qarax culus ugu horeysay. In 1939, bishii May, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa taliyaha, oo qiyaastii sannad ka dib - Taliye ku xigeenka ee koox dad ah ay ku. Waxa uu ka qayb qaatay dagaalka on Khalkhin-, wada jir ah ula boqol iyo kontonaad ayaa Qarax dhaqsiyaha badan Aviation Ciidankii, kaas oo u jideeyey, Qiimeynta TBAP ugu horeysay. Waxa kale oo jiray ka qayb gelin dagaalka ku Soviet Finnish iyo ka qeyb qaatay nidaamka goysiga ah ee Bessarabia iyo Northern Bukovina in Midowga Soofiyeeti ka June ilaa July 1940. U dhaw in ay xilliga qaboobaha ee sanadkan, qayb duulista si Vitebsk in Aviagorodok dhaqaaqi doontaa, in soohdimaha galbeedka, ka dibna u dhow Smolensk. Oo 1940, Nicholas waxaa la guddoonsiiyey darajo kabtanka. In 1941, guga, Nicholas ahayd tababar ku haboon oo helay at asturidda diyaaradda DB-3F. Waxa uu ahaa taliyaha koox dad ah afraad oo laba boqol iyo toddoba iyo guutada duulista long-range.

Feat Gastello dhigay ka dib markii sii kordhaya, horay Taliyaha koox dad ah labaad ee qayb ka mid ah.

waayen

In 1941, kuwaas June 26, madax Captain Nikolaem Frantsevichem ka kooban by Lieutenant G. N. Skorobogatym, A. Burdenyuk oo ah saajin ka tirsan A. Kalininom A. on the diyaarad DB-3F diyaarad tagay si loo soo saaro bam by line Jarmalka matoorada ee Jidka Molodechno -Radoshkovichi. Flight wada meel la link a of 2 qarax. mashiinka dabka lidka Nikolaya Frantsevicha lagu toogtay.

dhaawac gano cadowga ku Qabanay taangiga shidaalka. Nicholas jeestay diyaarad gubanaya xarunta of column matoorada cadowga. Feat Gastello (kooban) ahaa si ay u qabtaan wan dab. Dhammaan xubnaha shaqaalaha markabka ayaa la dilay.

Sida laga soo xigtay Vorobiev iyo Rybas

June 26, 1941 ka tagay oo sideeda oo uu hogaaminayo Captain Nikolaem Frantsevichem Gastello. Wada jir ah ula laba heavies DB-3F. diyaarad labaad ku shaqeeya Sarreeye sare F. Vorobyov, sida Navigator isaga duulay Lieutenant Anatoly Rybas. Maxay ahaayeen magacyada 2 shaqaale dheeraad ah Vorobyov, xubnaha aan la garanayn. Waqtiga weerarka oo ka mid ah farsamooyinka fiirsashada Jarmal Gastello waxaa diyaaradda hoos u toogtay. From erayadii Vorobyov iyo Rybas, Gastello gaari gubanaya soo saaray ramming cadowga technology column matoorada. Habeenkii, ku qastaan tuulooyinka ku yaalla meel u dhow Dekshnyany saaray meydadka doonniyawadayaashaada ee diyaarada, duudduubay maydad in parachutes oo ku aaseen meel u dhow goobta of qarxiyay shilka.

bartaan oo dhan

Soon feat Gastello helay warar saxaafadeed oo ballaaran. In 1941, 5 July, fiidkii ee kooban ee Laanta Macluumaadka Soofiyeeti ayaa markii ugu horeysay waxaa lagu sheegay oo ku saabsan falka ee Nicholas. U kuurgalayaasha oo Pavlenko, P. Krylov qoray maqaal in wakhtiga ugu gaaban suurogal, "Captain Gastello", kaas oo la sii daayay wargeyska hoos horyaalka "Xaqiiqda" subaxdii on 10 July.

Markii waagu beryo on July 6 ee goobaha kala duwan ee hore ee duuliye kulmay makarafoono. Warbixin ku saabsan idaacada Moscow maray, cod Dhawaaqay ee u muuqday mid aad u caan ah - si deg deg ah dabamariyay xasuusta guriga, Moscow. Dhawaaqay The akhriyey qaar ka mid ah macluumaadka ku saabsan waxa ay ku xaaqday sameeyey Gastello. Dad badan ayaa qaybaha kala duwan ee hore ee Dhawaaqay ku soo noqnoqda magaca geesiga - Captain Gastello.

xusuusihii

Long ka hor dagaalka, marka Gastello wada jir ah ula aabbihiis soo shaqeeyay warshad Moscow ee Nicholas ii sheegay in, iyadoo aan loo eegayn meesha waxa aan la qoray, on kasta oo shaqo aan la soo diray, oo meel kasta wuxuu dhigay tusaale oo ahaa model ah shaqo adag, dulqaadashada iyo furitaankii. Wuxuu ahaa nin ku hamineysay in ciidamada ay dhacdo weyn.

Markii uu noqday duuliye dagaal ah, waxaa isla markiiba waa laga caddeeyey. Isagu ma uu ahaa celebrity ah, laakiin si dhakhso ah socday in ay caanka ah. Feat Gastello sida ka dib loogu yeeri, lahaa in la sameeyo. Waa maxay sababta? Haa, maxaa yeelay, wuxuu ahaa nin! Maalin kasta waxa la qabtay dadaal lagu sameeyo wax ay dalka, nolol maalmeedka ahaa feat ah.

In 1939, uu duqeeyay belofinskie warshadaha military, Jeelal iyo buundooyinka, in Bessarabia tuuray paratroopers our ku jiray si looga hortago boobka ah ee gobolka. In ka maalmood ee ugu weyn Patriotic War Nikolay Frantsevich - Chief of uu koox dad ah - ee columns gaashaaman Nazi jebiyey, oo jebiyey in smithereens dagaal-hiilaadka, sliver ka mid ah buundooyinka la jajabiyey. Xataa markaas, kabtanka Gastello faafinta warkiisii qaybo ka duulaya.

Ficilka, kaas oo noqday taariikhiga ah

feat Final Gastello aan la illoobi doonin abid ee noloshayda. July 3, hoos amarkiisa sirkaalkii Nikolai Frantsevich diriray hawada. Fog, hoose, on dhulka, sidoo kale, u baxay oo ku saabsan dagaalka. unugyada Gaadhi cadowga sameeyey oo ay maraan jidkii galay territory Soviet. Foori of our madaafiic iyo ciidamada cirka qabtay baxay joojiyaan horumarkooda. In fulinta ay dagaal Gastello mana uusan sii dayn hortiisa iyo dhulka dagaalka ku jira.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka ku gano cadowga xanbaarsan haanta gaaska uu diyaarad. Diyaarad ayaa qarxaya holac. Xaaladdu waa, in fact, rajo la'aan.

Captain Gastello tuurin gaari gubanaya. Down dhulka, si ay u soo horjeeda sida dhagax xiddig oo ololaysa, oo ay diyaaradaha Duulay. dabka ahaa oo ku saabsan tijaabo ah. Laakiin dhulka u dhow yahay. Gastello indhaha kulul ka holaca, laakiin waxaa iyaga ma la xiro, iyo weli gacmaha lagu gubay xoog leh. diyaarad hayaa weli Adeeca gacmaha tijaabo ah u dhimanayaan.

Diyaaradda Gastello wedged taangiyada raasamaal iyo baabuurta, iyo qarax qatarsan la codad dheer rends dagaalka hawada: taangiga cadowga in ay qarxin ah. Sayidka naftiisa dhamaado - maxaabiis ahaan aan ceeb, ma dumo, iyo feat ah!

Taariikhda hoos ugu tegey, taariikhda

had iyo jeer waxaan soo xusuusan doonaa oo soo xusuusan doonaa, sida uu odhan jiray geesi - Captain Nikolai Gastello. feat A uu sameeyeyba, furteen qoyskiisa ninkeeda iyo wiil, laakiin siiyey geesi Homeland iyo fursad ay ku guuleysan.

xusuustiisu sii joogi doonaan weligood dhaqmaan of nin qaaday dhimashadiisa, waxaa hub dilaa ah samaynta. Dhacdadani waxa ka dhacay on July 3, inkastoo labo geesood ah ma noqon karo shuruud la'aan. Laakiin waxay ahayd July 3 - taariikhda ku cad maqaalka "Captain Gastello". Inta badan, tirada waxaa lagu wacay in warbixinta Information Bureau Soviet, taas oo sii daayey July 5 ka sameecadaha. Waxaa xusid mudan in article ee "Pravda" ayaa helay jawaab ballaaran oo feat Gastello waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa oo tusaale u ah dacaayad Soviet. Nicholas ahaa mid ka mid ah baarka weyn ee caanka ah iyo dhowr rag xoog badan. Uu feat weligiisba joogi doonaa qorna ee Patriotic War weyn, iyo sidoo kale si weyn loo isticmaalaa sida tusaale inta lagu guda jiro dacaayadda military-wadaniyiinta ujeeddo ah formation of aragti dhalinyarada, labadaba inta lagu jiro mudada of dagaalka ka dhanka ah ku soo duulay faashistihii, iyo in muddo guudahaan, tan iyo burburkii of USSR.

Rank neef helay

Dhamaadka July 1942 Taliyaha laba boqol iyo toddoba iyo guutada duulista long-range waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Hero horyaalka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti ee. Darjada, nasiib NF Gastello, feat in noolaan doonaa iyada oo da ', ayaa lagu soo bandhigay horyaalka this.

Qadarka oo ka mid ah Wasiirka Difaaca oo ka mid ah Midowga Soofiyeeti Nikolai Captain Frantsevich joogto ah ku jira liiska mid ka mid ah regiments hawada. Muddo dheer dhacdadan waxaa lagu tilmaamay. Sidaa darteed, markabka, oo ay ka mid Skorobogatyy G. N., Kalinin AA, Burdenyuk AA, waqti dheer hooska uu kabtanka caan ah. Laakiin oo dhan abaalmarinta la mid ah la siiyey ma aha oo kaliya in N. Gastello. feat The qabsoomey iyo kooxdiisa. In 1958, oo dhan shaqaale dhintay ayaa la gudoonsiiyay Order of Patriotic War aan degree. Darjada.

"Gastellovtsy" - pilot ka dhigay "wan oo ololaysa"

caan ah - Iyada oo dadaallada feat dacaayad Soviet Nikolaya Gastello uu mid ka mid ah ugu dabaal taariikhda dagaalka War Patriotic weyn, iyo magaca geesiga noqday. "Gastellovtsami" noqday narekat kuwa duuliye kuwaas oo soo noqnoqda feat ugu Nicholas. Sidaas kuwaas oo soo noqnoqda feat ugu Gastello?

Guud ahaan, inta lagu jiro waqtiga dagaalka ee 1941-1945. soo saaray shan boqol iyo shan iyo sagaashan wan hawada "classical", kuwaas oo diyaarad ka mid ah diyaaradaha. Shan boqol iyo lix iyo sagaashan wan diirada dhulka diyaaradaha, lix iyo toban wan oo badda, tirada this loo saarin karaa wan dusha badda iyo duuliyayaasha xeebaha beegsadaan cadow, mid boqol iyo lixdan wan gaashaaman.

Waxaa jira xog kala duwan oo ku saabsan tirada wan

Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay dareento in ilo ku jirto qaar ka mid ah Meelaan ku saabsan tirada weerarada marka gawaari. Tusaale ahaan, in maqaalka "The kuwa raacsan ee Nikolai Gastello" ayaa lagu soo waramayaa kaliya oo ku saabsan afar iyo toban nautical oo kaliya oo ku saabsan laba iyo konton ramming gaashaaman, shan boqol iyo lix iyo dhulka diyaaradaha ramming bartilmaameed u ah lix boqol oo shilalka atmosfeerta.

A. D. Zaytsev in uu buugga "Hubka ruuxa xoogga badan," qeexayaa tirada wan hawada ee tirada ka badan lix boqol iyo labaatan. Intaa waxaa dheer, taariikhyahanadu duulista soo gabagabeeyey in: "waraaqaha tilmaamay cadowga leedahay in ka badan labaatan wan, taas oo ka dhigtay duuliye Soviet soo noqnoqda feat ugu Gastello. Duuliyayaasha ilaa markan aan la aqoonsaday. '

Ma jiro joogta ah qiimeynta tirada dhabta ah ee "wan oo ololaysa." Tusaale ahaan, Yuri Ivanov, in uu shaqo u gaar ah "oo qaarijiyay Duuliyayaasha - ismiidaamin ah" Hagidda tirada shilalka soo saaray duuliye Soviet ka 1941 si ay u 1945, "oo ku saabsan saddex boqol iyo konton."

Dhamaadka Baaragaraafka this

Sidoo kale waa in la ogaadaa in duuliyayaasha Soviet cadowga jiireen marar badan. Waa in ugu yaraan si qallafsan inay taxaan tirooyinka ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ahaa in Chronicle taariikhiga ah ee sano ee dagaalka. Nikolai Terehin, Vladimir Matveev, Leonid Borisov, Alexei Khlobystov - - 3 jeer, iyo Boris Kovzan - 4 jeer afar iyo soddon wan hawada pilot 2 jeer, 4 pilot isticmaalo. Waa kuwa soo noqnoqda feat ugu Gastello, hadaf ah - qiimo kasta, xitaa qiimaha - naftiisa, si loo badbaadiyo dalka iyo siin mustaqbalka lacag la'aan ah si ay dadka kale. Our kaalin yar in this - si ay u sii xasuusta kuwa haatan jira in noocan oo kale ah nolosha waxaan leenahay mahad!