Baradho Homeland. Taariikhda baradho ee Russia

Ka dib markii kibis iyo dalagga firileyda khudradda this badan tahay, u badan tahay in lagu qaban doonaa labaad. Africa ama America, Europe ama Asia - iyadoo aan loo eegin qaaradda, waxay ku maaweeliyo dadka adduunka oo dhan. Waxaan nahay si bartayba in ay in ay mar dambe ka fiirsada kii wax cusub iyo hubaal isaga ma kala saaro ka mid ah macaan ah. Waxaan ka hadleynaa muddo dheer yaqaan in ay noo baradho. Ha noo xusuusataan mar uu weli ma ahaa si baahsan, ku bartaan oo ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah musiibooyin la xiriira ay khasaare, oo u ogaatid sababta ay weli sidaas qiimeeyo ee Russia. Laakiin bal aynu ka bilaabmaan heer uu ku faafay adduunka oo dhan. Maxay ahayd ku dhashay ee baradho ah? Waa Yurub ama meelo kale?

baradho Homeland

Waxaa muddo dheer loo rumeysan yahay in baradho ah nooga yimid South America. Baradho hooyo - Chile, Peru iyo Bolivia. Xataa maanta, in aannu mar, ee geedka kokaha waxaa laga arki karaa, labadaba duurjoogta koraa baradho. Waxaa, at sare ah oo ka badan kilomitir ah, tubers waxaa laga heli karaa noocyo dhowaad dhammaan hadda loo yaqaan. Sida laga soo xigtay fikrado ah aqoonyahaniinta, wakhtiyadii hore Hindida ee aagga in nooc karo oo ku beermaan, noocyo kala duwan ee dhirta, oo ay ku jiraan baradho. Macluumaadka ugu horeysay oo ku saabsan baradho ka Spain, oo xubin ka ah ololaha millatari Yuliana De Castellanos ee 1535 yimid. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, xididka mealy geedka this yimid ay u dhadhamiyaan xataa reer Spain. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad yar la siiyo erayada uu dareenka. Sidaas si kooban aad ku tilmaami kartaa sida sheekada bilaabay asal baradho (ay qaybinta).

Sidee dhaqanka in Europe yimid

Sharaxaad ku xiga ee baradho ah waxaa laga helaa ee "Chronicle of Peru" Pedru Chieza de León. Waxa uu yahay mid aad u faahfaahsan oo si cad u tilmaamay warshad this. Sheekada bixitaanka baradho ayaa xiiseynaya Boqorka Spain, kuwaas oo siiyey amar inuu keeno tiro aad u badan oo ah wax soo saarka dibada. Sidaas darteed, si ay Spain mahad, ku dhashay ee baradho ah - South America - ayaa la siiyaa cuntada this Europe oo dhan. Marka hore waxa uu ahaa in Italy, iyo dambe ee Belgium. Ka dib markii in, duqa magaalada Mons (Belgium) siiyey a tubers yar inaad wax ka barato oo ay qaanso iyo saaxiib ee Vienna. saaxiibkiis oo keliya, sidoo kale botanist ah, ku tilmaamay baradho ah in uu buugga "On dhirta." Thanks isaga si, baradho helay oo magaciisa sayniska gaar ah - Solyanum tuberozum eskulentum (nightshade tuber). muddo ka dib uu sharaxaad baradho iyo magac dhaqan beerta u noqday guud ahaan aqbalay.

In Ireland

Waa wakhti ay ku Ireland, iyo in 1590s barandhada waxaa ka helay. Waxaa, wuxuu helay aqoonsi guud ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in si fiican loo qaadan xidid xataa xaaladaha xad allifey. Ayadoon deegaanka, qoyan ama qalalan, oo jilicsan ama isbedel loo eegin tubers ayaa lagu beeray ciid bacrin ah ama bacrin ah, baradho soo bixiyey midho. Waa maxay sababta uu sidaa u ku fidaa in 1950 ugu yaraan saddex meelood meel ka mid ah meelaha layaal oo dhan ayaa lagu beeray beerto baradho. In ka badan kala bar beergooyska waxaa loogu talagalay isticmaalka bini'aadamka. Sayidka, baradho bilaabay inuu wax cuno quraac, qado iyo casho. All noqon lahaa wanaagsan, laakiin markaas ka heli lahaayeen goosashada a saboolka ah? Waa maxay cuni lahaa Irish ay dhacdo in this? Waxay ma doonayaan in ay u maleynayaa in ku saabsan.

Cawaaqibka go'aya

Haddii ka hor ayaa waxaa dhacday in baradho ah ma keenaan dhalidda ee la filayo, markaa waxaan ka dhigi qaar ka mid ah dadaal si ay u bixiyaan gargaar lagama maarmaanka u ah dhibbanayaasha. Oo haddii sanadka soo socda mar kale soo baxay si ay u ururiyaan tirada loo baahan yahay iyo xididdadiisa, waxay qariyeen ceebaha xilliga hore. Sidaas daraaddeed, in 1845 waxaa jiray goosashada kale oo liita. Laakiin ninna wareeriyay sababaha dhacdadaas. waa waxaan idinku leeyahay, ka dibna aan weli wax badan ka aqoon-engeeg dabayaaqadii - cudurka baradho, sababta oo ah, taas oo ku fashilantay in ay soo ururiyaan lacagta loo baahan yahay ee cuntada. fungus in cudurka tubers, taasoo keentay in baradhada oo qurmay oo dhulka, iyo xataa beergooyska beeraha ka dib markii. Intaa waxaa dheer, cudurka kudka fangas si sahlan ugu faafin by dhibco hawada. Oo ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in Ireland waqtiga la baradho ah beeray oo kaliya mid ka mid kala duwan, dalagga oo dhan waxaa si deg deg ah laga badiyay. wax la mid ah ka dhacay dhowrkii sano ee soo socda, taasoo keentay markii hore si shaqo la'aanta iyo ka dibna si abaarta ee dalka. Si dadban u saameeyeen daacuunka, taas oo 1849 lagu dilay in ka badan 36 kun oo qof. Taariikhda baradho la jeedin ah allifey oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka keentay in xaqiiqda ah in gobolka ayaa laga badiyay ka badan rubuc ka mid ah dadka.

Baradhadu: The Story of booqanaya Russia

Tartiib tartiib faafinta dhaqanka ee Europe, sida aan soo aragnay this in tusaale ahaan ka mid ah Ireland, iyo qarnigii hore siddeed iyo tobnaad, marka hore u muuqday in Russia. Sanadihii kuwa, Peter waxaan ku jiray gaadiidka dalka Holland. Waxaa uu fursad u helay inaan dhadhamiyo ka baradho diyaariyey (wakhtigaas, sida hadda, ma ay ogayn inaan baradho ah waxay hoy u tahay South America). Dhadhamiyey karinta hal-abuurnimo, boqor Ruush ayaa sheegay in miro baradho dhadhan asalka ah. Sida Russia taxadir this weli ma ahaa, wuxuu go'aansaday inuu si uu guriga u tagaan jawaan ee baradho ah. Sidaas taariikhda baradho ee Russia bilaabay.

ciidda madow, iyo sidoo kale in carrada sare ashitada dhaqanka cusub si fiican u qabtay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka weli waa Ragooda ka walwalsan at cuntada cajiibka ah, maxaa yeelay, sabab u ah Jaahil ah dariiqada saxda ah ee diyaarintiisa ayaa kiisas badan oo lagu sumoobo. Sida loo sameeyo si ay qaybinta ee baradho ah in ay ku riday on qiyaasta a grand? Peter Waxaan ahaa nin garasha leh oo soo baxay is tusay in ay suurto gal tahay in ay sameeyaan. In beeraha dhowr ah ayaa la beeray tubers, iyo soo socda saaray madaxa waardiyayaasha, oo ahaan jiray inta lagu jiro maalinta, laakiin ka soo beeraha habeenkii tegey. Tani waxay sababtay cajiib weyn ka mid ah yaroow fudud, oo waxay bilaabeen inay habeenkii halka mid ka mid ma arko cuntada cusub podvorovyvat iyo dhirta duurka ay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halka xoojisay "tufaax cammuud ah" weli uma shaqeeyo. Waxaa jiray dad badan oo ka mid ah kuwa "maamula" Iambarrada berry ay. Sidaa darteed, "tufaax maydhan biyaha" Dadka inta badan caadi ah diiday in ay koraan. By sida ugu badan ee 50-60 sano jir ah cuntada mucjiso ahaa illoobay in Russia.

Sida baradho ku noqday kuwa loo yaqaan

Later, Catherine II kaalin weyn in baradho ah ayaa noqoto guud ahaan aqbalay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wadadii uu ugu weyn ee faafidda dalagyada xidid noqday abaar ka dhacay 1860. Waxaa markaas ahaa, iyo wax walba oo soo xusuustay, intii hore dayacay, iyo la yaabnay in la helo in baradho ah leedahay dhadhan fiican iyo waa mid aad u nafaqo badan. Sida Hadalku tagaa, "waxaa jiri lahaa barako in isbeddel."

Taasi waa sida sheeko xiiso leh of baradho ee Russia. Sidaas daraaddeed, muddo ka dib, tubers baradho warshad birta ee dalka. Dadka ugu dhakhsaha badan xaqiiqsadeen sida waxtar leh stock khudradda this, gaar ahaan in times of miraha xun. Wali loo arko baradho kibis labaad, maxaa yeelay, isagoo ku filan Maqsin of kaydka uu, mid ka mid ah ku noolaan karaan xataa waqtiyada adag. Sababtoo ah content calorie iyo faaiidada iyo ilaa maantadan la joogo waxa ugu horeeya ee ku riday beerta - a tubers baradho.

Waa maxay sababta baradho waa sidaas oo caan ah in Russia

Tan iyo jeer ee Peter waxaan mar dadka waxa ay maqlaan oo ku saabsan kiimikada iyo qiimo nafaqo ee xididka jirka aadanaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taariikhda baradho muujinaysaa in waxa ku jira walxaha in lagama maarmaan u ah badbaadada in muddooyinka oo abaar ah, cudur, iyo murugo. Waa maxay sidaas u qiimo badan oo waxtar leh ee khudradda xididka caadiga ah? Waxaa soo baxday in borotiinada uu ku jira ku dhowaad dhammaan acids amino in aan la kulmi karaan cuntooyinka warshadda. Saddex boqol garaam oo qudaar this ku filan si ay u qanciso iska caadi ah maalin walba of potassium, fosfooraska, iyo carbohydrates. Baradhadu, gaar ahaan cusub, hodan ku ah vitamin C iyo fiber. Waxaa intaa dheer, waxa ay sidoo kale ku jira xubno kale oo lagama maarmaan u ah nolosha, sida birta, zinc, manganese, iodine, sodium, iyo xataa calcium. Oo walxaha ugu waxtar leh ku jira si hufan ee hargahood oo baradho, kaas oo maanta inta badan ma cunaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in times of abaar, dadka ha diidina oo uu u cunay baradho oo dhan, la dubay ama la kariyey.

Beerista of hal kala duwan ee baradho ah iyo cawaaqibka ay

Sida aanu u baranay, baradho ku dhashay - South America. Waxaa, beeralayda si caqli ah u dhaqmeen, faafo xididdada noocyo kala duwan. Sidaas darteed, kaliya qaar ka mid ah ayaa loo bandhigi cudurka - fangas-engeeg goor dambe. Sidaa darteed, xitaa haddii duwan sida lumeen, ma wuxu lahaa masiibooyinka cabsi badan sida, sida in Ireland. Xaqiiqada ah in dabeecadda waxaa jira noocyo ka mid ah dhaqanka isla, ka ilaaliya dadka ka noocan oo kale ah, dhibaatadaada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii midhihiisa koraan oo kaliya mid ka mid kala duwan, waxa ay keeni kartaa in ay xaqiiqada ah in hal mar ahaa ee Ireland. Iyo sidoo kale isticmaalka Bacriminta kiimikada iyo sunta cayayaanka, kuwaas oo si gaar ah si xun u saameyn wareegga dabiiciga ah iyo deegaanka guud ahaan.

The more faa'iido si ay u koraan kala duwan ee baradho mid kaliya

Haddii ay sidaa tahay, oo ay ku jiraan in Russia, waxay dhiiri beeralayda in ay koraan oo kaliya mid ka mid kala duwan oo gaar ah oo baradho? Asal ahaan this saameyn ku suuq iyo arrimo dhaqaale. Sayidka, beeralayda sharad view qurux badan oo ah midhihii, iyo sidaas in baahida weyn ku dhex iibsada. Xaaladan dhaqanka caadiga ah ayaa loo saarin karaa xaqiiqada ah in noocyo kala duwan oo ah baradho gaar keenaa meelaha qaarkood wax-soosaarkooda sare ka badan kuwa kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida aynu ognahay, hab noocan ah ku yeelan karto xeel dheer cawaaqib xun.

Colorado baradho duqsiyo badan - cadowga ugu weyn ee beeralayda Ruush

dhib weyn ay u dalagga codsan kartaa cayayaanka. Aad u fiican u yaqaan in ninkii beerta kasta ama beeralay waa mid noocee ah iyo jiriqsiga iyo caleen - a baradho duqsiyo Colorado. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee 1859, waxaa la ogaadey sida dhibaatooyin badan oo in taranta baradho keeni kartaa cayayaanka this. Iyo horaantii 1900, duqsiyo badan helay in Europe. Marka waxaa la here by fursad keenay, wuxuu si deg deg ah isku duubay qaaradda oo dhan, oo ay ku jiraan Russia. Sababtoo ah ay iska caabin ah si kiimikada, kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo si ay u dagaallamo, kutaan ku dhow yahay cadowga ugu weyn ee beerta kasta. Sidaas daraaddeed, si loo soo afjaro hanjabaad this, marka lagu daro kiimiko, waxaan bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan dhaqanka beeraha. Oo haatan ee Russia degan xagaaga kasta oo raba in uu faysteeyaan on baradho oo macmal ah la shiilay ama loo dubay ee dhuxulo dab ah, marka hore u leeyihiin in ay bartaan habka ugu fudud ee la dagaalanka cayayaan this.