"Wolves quusta Doenitz 'iyo Reich Saddexaad

Qiimaha haad badda ee dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka lama quudhsan karin. Tan iyo 1939, su'aasha ah ee sahayda ciidamada, gaarsiinta gargaarka military, cuntada, shidaalka, daawo iyo alaabada kale ee istaraatiijiga ah si toos saameeya awoodda ee UK in ay iska caabin ciribtir ee Nazi Germany.

Tan iyo 1941, ka-Lease Amaahi in Midowga Soofiyeeti dagaal careysiisay Hitler, oo isna wuxuu sameeyey wax walba si looga hortago in ay kolonyo waqooyiga on si ay Murmansk iyo Arkhangelsk. doorka ugu muhiimsan ee dagaalka this ciyaaray diyaaradaha Luftwaffe iyo quusta ee Reich Saddexaad.

Doorka quusta ee tiyaatarka badda hawlgallada milateri ee lagu qiyaasay in ka sano ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. Inkastoo imperfection ah ee salka farsamo, ee xal farsamo ugu weyn in ay noqdaan aasaaska shaybaarka casriga ah waxaa sameeyey waqti. Ka dib guuldaradii ee Germany ayaa laga badiyay xaq u si raaxo ee ciidamada badda buuxa fuliya, iyo in sano ee la raadiyo ee fadhiidka ah dhaqaalaha aan ahaa ilaa in ay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray dad riyoodaan oo ku saabsan ku celis ah. Erich Raeder, geesiga ah ee dagaalo badda, iyo Admiral ah, kuwaas oo noqday wasiirka ka dib markii iska casilay muranka uu ka horreeyay Adolf Zenker, qarsoodi horumariyo barnaamijka of nooleenta Kriegsmarine.

Quusta ah Reich Saddexaad si rasmi ah kafaaraggud dagaal waajib ka dib 1935. Treaty ee Versailles la ogolaanshaha oo ka mid ah awoodaha European ahaa baadil, iyo booska uu hore u suurto gal ahayd in ay iska indha. Xilliga xagaaga ee isla sannadkaas, in London, Germany iyo Boqortooyada Ingiriiska saxiixay heshiis la baabiiyo xadka tanka waayo, badda ee Jarmalka.

Haddii ay dhacdo kale ee 1935, taas oo aan la Mahadiyay in khubaro militari time: quusta ah Reich Saddexaad in maamulka Admiral Doenitz yimid. Tani Taliyaha ciidamada badda tayo leh, la ixtiraamo oo la jecel yahay by badmaax Jarmal, weli abuuro dhibaatooyin fara badan.

By bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida oo dhan quusta ah Reich ayaa lagu kala qaybiyey saddex darajo: waaweyn (barakaca ee 600-1000 m), dhexdhexaad ah (740 m) iyo Slaam ah (250 m). Waxay ahaayeen tiro yar, oo qayb ka ah Kriegsmarine waxay ahaayeen unug keliya 46. Doenitz aan niyad, wuxuu ogaa oo ku saabsan fursadaha ku shipyards Jarmal oo gartay simaha xirfad waxaa quman, halkii tiro.

Xataa markaas, 22 quusta ayaa diinta si ay u fuliyaan weeraro dheeraad ah. Hoggaanka Jarmal fahamsan yahay wax go'an ee isku dhaca iyo Maraykanka, oo uu diyaar u yahay in uu yareeyo badda haad oo dhan Atlantic. Ka dibna waxa quusta 3 Reich sameeyaa qalliin ku dhiirato dhow Coast East ah.

Saamayntii quusta ee waqtiga hore ee dagaalka ay sabab u tahay isticmaalka xeeladaha cusub, hore aan la garanayn oo abuurtay Karlom Denitsem. Waxa uu magacaabay gujis la xidhiidha "baakad Yeeyi", oo ay tallaabo waa arrin taam galay image in.

Go'doominta A badda ee u hayaamay Britain ayaa abuuray cabsi gelin toos ah jiritaanka aad ee Magaalooyinka ah, in aan ku xuso xidhiidhka ay la leedahay deegaanada. In xagaagii 1940 maalin kasta, waxaan u baxay inuu ka hoose ee markabka 2-3, intii toddoba bilood ah Doenitz gujis degtay 343 baayacmushtariga unugyada badda. Winston Churchill ka dib markii dagaalka lagu qiyaasay xaaladda xataa sida more muhiim ahayn natiijada hawada "Battle of Britain".

Si looga hortago khatarta ka imaanaya moolkeeda badda, caawisay qalabka loomana baahno iyo SOONAARKA cusub American-dhigay, yimaado ciidamada badda ee Britain iyo USSR. Quusta ah Reich Saddexaad bilaabay inuu xanuunsado khasaare halis ah, oo la laalo "Wolves Doenitz" noqday wax ka mid ah oo qaarijiyay a Japanese.

Inta u dhaxaysa 1939 iyo 1162 deked markab gujis ah Jarmal soo saaray tirada dayan guud ee markabka ilaa 40 kun oo Man. Sannad 1945-th. In ka badan 30 kun. Submariners Jarmal qaaday dhimashada u xun in ay "karfano bir ah". On dhibkani talona ahaayeen 790 quusta, Admiral Doenitz, kuwaas oo laga badiyay in this dagaalka laga cabsado laba wiil oo uu adeer.