The Silk Road Great - waddo ganacsiga qadiimiga ah

In taariikhda waxaa jira warar ku saabsan tirada badan ee jidadka qadiimiga ah ee u adeega dadka. Waayo, Waddooyinkiisa taariikhiga ahaayeen ciidammadii waaweyn iyo magaalooyinka ku yaal waddooyin la weeraray (oo mararka qaarkood joogeen kuwa Xad gudbee). In nabadda, wadada qadiimiga ah ku xiran nolosha dhaqanka, siyaasadda iyo ganacsiga oo ka mid ah dalalka kala duwan.

Silk Road Great ayaa waxaa loo arkaa ugu caansan iyo ugu weyn ee dunida. wadada ganacsiga Tani sameeyay a "Trine", taas oo ku xiran ee Atlantic, Indian iyo Badweynta Pacific. Tani "jid" weyn gudbay Eurasia. Waxay ku xiran Mediterranean si ay Bariga Fog.

Waa in la ogaadaa in Road Silk uu ahaa ma ahan oo keliya qaali ah, ama xitaa nidaam dariiqyada ganacsi. Waxa uu u dhaqmeen sida buundada adag dhaqanka iyo dhaqaalaha oo u dhexeeya dhulka ka mid ah West iyo East ah, taas oo ku xidhan dadka, in ay ku dadaalaan iskaashiga labada dhinac iyo nabadgelyo wada noolaansho. Tusaale ahaan, Road Silk Great ee Kazakhstan (haddii aad u tagto bari xagga galbeed) ka xidshiidha dhex maray Turbat (Pass) ee Isfidzhab (Sairam). magaca magaalada ay gaareen maalmood our. Sidaas magacaabay tuulo u dhow Shymkent, xarunta of kuwaas oo ah hadhaagii Dr Makumbe qalcado. magaaladan waxaa mar loo arkaa mid ka mid ah xarumaha ugu weyn ee Road Silk ah. Laga dhoofiyey Isfidzhab maro cad, oo addoommo ah, iyo birta, seefo iyo hub kale, copper.

culimada casriga ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in Silk Road weyn u muuqday agagaarka BC qarnigii 2aad. e. Xaaladdan oo kale, magaca nafsad ahaantiisa la soo bandhigay badan ka dib, ee qarnigii 19aad. Ereyga "Great Silk Road" muuqday in isticmaalka cilmiga ah ka dib markii uu qoraal ah ee 1877, Richthofen (taariikhyahan Jarmalka iyo Musaafurka) shaqeeyaan "China". Waa in la ogaadaa in ilaa marayso wadada loo yeedhay Jidka meridional Western. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi ah u isticmaalaan ereyga galay, Richthofen ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay caddayn taariikhiga ah, Emperor Wu Di ee Shiinaha direen ergo ee 138 BC. e. si uu u doondoono sokeeye ee halganka ka dhanka qabiil xagjirka Hun dageen dhulka waqooyiga dalka Shiinaha. Ambassador Chzhan Tsyan ka dib safar uu si faahfaahsan u soo laabtay ayaa sheegay in ku saabsan booqasho uu maalmahan ku Central Asia. Emperor ee Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale helay macluumaad ku saabsan dariiqyada ganacsi ee ugu haboon. ka dibna ay u noqdaan kuwo ku saleysan Road Silk ah.

On hawlaha ganacsiga iyo is-dhaafsiga u dhexeeya magaalooyinka Asian Dhexe, iyo macluumaad Shiinaha ku jira inta badan ee taariikhda Shiinaha laga bilaabo 1 ah. BC. e. 7-8 qarniyo. n. e. Ilaha horrayn sheego oo ku saabsan qurbaanno la donative faray madaxtooyada Imperial ee gobolka Central Asian.

Tan iyo markii socday sidii loo xoojin lahaa xiriirka ganacsiga ee ka dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo magaalooyinka Central Asian muddo. Sanad walba ka maxkamadda Imperial qaaday yar wax ka badan shan jiido ee xagga galbeed jira, oo ay la socdaan boqolaal ka mid ah ilaalada. waxyaabaha biraha qaadeen, Xariir. Waxay beddeleen for shacaab, fardo, Jade, alaabta kala duwan ee Asian Dhexe. Waa in la ogaadaa in waxyaabaha Shiinaha ayaa ahayd in dalabka ee dalal kala duwan. Gaar dhar xariir ahaayeen qiimaha Faaris iyo dalalka, kuwaas oo galbeed waxaa ka mid ah.

16 qarnigii sida calaamad oo ay daciifaan qaar ka mid ah xiriirka ganacsiga ee magaalooyinka Asian Dhexe, iyo Shiinaha ka. Inta badan this sabab u ahayd furitaanka waddooyinka badda, kordheen dagaalada ee bulshada dhulgoosadka, dirir ka Toddoba Webiyada. Sii xumaatay sida xiriirka ka dhexeeya dalalka ee Safavid Iran iyo Sheibanids wadamada Asia Dhexe. Sidaas darteed, waxaa bilaabay hoos u dhac af ganacsiga safarkii.

Qarnigii 19aad dareenka of Europe waxaa la soo sawiray dhinaca Turkestan. Iyadoo Szolkowy Jidka ayaa halyeey ka noqday. Waayo, mar labaad wadada this la ogaaday by fursad ay sabab u tahay xaaladaha siyaasadeed qaarkood.

Silk Road cilmi qaddiimiga bilaabay 1900. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii uu dillaaco ee daraasadda caalamiga ah ayaa waxaa la hakiyey.