Taariikhda Cinwaanka Museum (Kaluga), saacadaha shaqada. Kaluga: jiidashada

History Museum (Kaluga) leeyahay ururinta qani ku ah soo bandhigaa, kuwaas oo qaar badan taariikhda qarnigii 17aad. Tirada guud ee alaabta muddo dheer ayaa ka gudbay 100 kun oo shay. Under bilowgiisa matxafka ayaa ururiyey toban laamood iyo go'aanka ay qaateen ee 2016 u wareegay xaaladda Museum Midoobay.

museum ugu da'da weyn ee aamminsan yihiin degaanka

History Museum (Kaluga) waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1897. Si aad u dhig mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu da'da weyn ee magaalada qaaday - Golaha, kaas oo mar waxaa iska lahaa ganacsade Korobov (qarnigii 17aad). soo bandhigid kowaad oo ka koobnayd shan daaqadaha, halkaas oo ay ka muujiyay helaa qaddiimiga ah, lacagta birta ah ee qadiimiga ah, waxyaabaha nolol maalmeedka hor maray. museum u furan yahay laba jeer toddobaadkii oo kaliya, tirada dadka soo booqda ee sannadka ahayd arrin yar - dad 500 oo kaliya.

By 1904, matxafka taariikhda deegaanka (Kaluga) hayay lacagaha ee ku saabsan 1,000 agabka, taas oo warqado A. S. Pushkina, N. V. Gogolya qalinka ka mid ah iyo in 1915 ururinta horeba 1200 cutubyo ahaa.

Ka dib markii 1918 hay'ad la beddelaa "Gobolka Museum of History." dhismaha, kuwaas oo hadda ku yaala Museum Regional ee Kaluga, lacag iyo Fasiraadda u dhaqaaqay in 1922. The laamood oo kuwii hore ka darsoomeen 1924, dheelitirka ee matxafka dhaqaaqay "in ay sabab wanaagsan," Art. Ee la soo dhaafay ee 1925, oo ka kooban qaybaha dhowr oo hoos timaad maamulka Glavnauka yimid.

badalkooda Main dhacay 30 sakan, marka Museum of History Local (Kaluga) noqday kaniisadaha hantida buuxsameen baabiiyo iyo xaafadaha ay la. By 1939, ururinta ka koobnaa 10,000 alaabta.

Laga soo bilaabo dagaalkii ilaa maantadan la joogo

Inta lagu jiro Patriotic hoolalka Great museum War aan ka shaqeeyey oo dhan 10 bilood ee inta kale ee bandhiga laga furay dadweynaha. Inta lagu guda jiro shaqo, waayo 78 maalmood, matxafka la xiray. dhaxal ahaan Historical laga yaabaa in aan la daadgureeyay, oo muddo sannad ah (1942-43). Shaqaalaha lagu tiriyey baaxadda burburka ah. document natiijada ayaa sheegay in 10% la boobay uruuriyaa museum la xidhiidha muddada classicism 18-qarnigii.

In 1944 matxafka dhaqaaqay xaaladda gobolka, by 1945 lacag ka koobnaa 7712 oo gogo ', kaas oo 2143 cutubyo furmeen helitaanka dadweynaha. Muddadan, shaqaalaha ururiyay hay'ad, waraaqaha iyo Xusuus of War Great Patriotic, kaas oo ahaa ku salaysan waxbarashada ee 50 - 60 of matxafyo badan dad degaanka. Ka dibna, lix iyaga ka mid noqday laamood oo waxay galeen museum taariikhda deegaanka (Kaluga). Maanta, hay'adda soo dhaweeyay martida 10 laamood.

adag Manor

History Museum (Kaluga) ayaa ka jiray muddo ka badan 100 sano, waagaas oo dhan, lacag ururinta waxaa si joogto ah updated iyo hadda in ka badan 100 kun oo bandhigaa gaar ah. In 1982, naqshadaha ee ay dubaan jir ah, kaas oo ah matxaf iyo ururinta ka mid ah qiyamka helay hal dhawaaq, mahad fikradda ah iyaga isku, sameeya fanaaniinta Leningrad iyo aqoonyahanno.

The soo bandhigid inta badan caan ah kulanka adag yahay ah naqshadda, dhisay 1808, halkaas oo Museum Taariikhda (Kaluga) hadda waa. History of guriga ugu weyn sheegayaa in hal mar waxaa la odhan jiray xarunta madaxtooyada, wuxuuna ahaa dubaan ugu qanisan magaalada. tolnimo waxaa lagu qurxiyey reliefs sare ee taariikhda Tacaddi Giriigga, grand soo galo waxaa lagu qurxiyey tiirar iyo tracery xafiiltamaan xayndaabka shaqeeyey-bir ah, oo ay weheliso irdaha weyn. In qaybta hoose oo dayrka waa garabka hore, qolka tababarayaasha, oo xirtey gallery ah meel daboolay, dhigay on Terrace dhagax cad, qurxiyey columns Tuscan.

Description of bandhig matxafka

The gudaha ee madaxtooyada ayaa waxaa caan Kaluga oo dhan, ka shaqeeyaan ay dil by dhise Talyaani S. Campioni kormeero. On dabaqa koowaad, halkaas oo hore ku yaaliin dhismaha ujeedo ganacsi, ayaa hadda muujiyay waaxda qalabka dabiiciga ah.

On dabaqa labaad, ee wuxuu ahaa kow iyo hoolal, faafay hadalkay ah ka go'an in ay taariikhda ee gobolka. The taribuunka ugu horeysay waxaa ka buuxa waa helaa qaddiimiga ah in ay muujiyaan heer sare ah horumarinta dadyowga qadiimiga ah. Kuwa soo socda waa maacuunta, dahabka, dharka Rusich kula baayacmushtari jirtay. Period of Peter waxaan tusinaysaa muuqaalka ee wax soo saarka ugu horeysay ee warshadaha. In ka hoolalka matxafka muujiyey saacad, deeqday Empress Catherine II oo lagu sharfayo Dowladda ee Kaluga.

Xaddi badan oo waxyaabaha la soo ururiyay ee hoolasha ka go'an in ay Dagaalkii 1812 iyo dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Intaa waxaa dheer in ay dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah, ururinta ee ku jira dhaxalka dhaqanka ee suugaanta classical qarnigii 19aad, ayaa booqday Kaluga, halkan waxaa ku jira soo bandhigaa iska N. V. Gogolyu, F. M. Dostoevskomu, A. P. Chehovu, iyo qorayaasha kale.

laamaha

Museum Gobol ee laanta Kaluga idiinku yeedhi inaad booqo:

• height ceebaalowyo. hadalkay ayaa waxaa ka go'an in xoraynta degmada Kuibyshev lagu jiro dagaalkii Patriotic weyn, markii koox rag ah oo ka kooban 18 qof, ay awoodaan in ay qabsadaan height weyn oo 224,1. Magaca matxafka siiyey gabaygii V. E. Basnera "meelaha ceebaalowyo", ka go'an in ay talaabo geesinimo leh oo ka mid ah askartii-Siberians.
• Borovsk. laanta wuxuu ku yaalaa magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Borovsk oo ka turjumaya taariikhda. Qaybaha of museum waxaa u huray in baayacmushtariga, an dhaqanka Old Muslinka, details sheekada laba Biyac - Pokrovsky iyo Pafnutev- Borowski. Subject ee bandhiga ka kooban jajabkii ka frescoes qadiimiga ah iyo qayb ka mid ah dhismaha Cathedral dhalatay iyo Biyac ah, dhoobada, lebenkii handmade qarnigii 16aad. ururinta badan oo sawiro arkiifiyo sheegayaa sheekada excavations ee xabaashii of boyar Morozova. Bandhigidda waxyaabaha nolol maalmeedka ah ee baayacmushtariyaasha iyo qoysaska ganacsade.
• Zaitseva göra. hadalkay waxaa ka go'an in ay taariikhda dheer ee la dagaalanka ciidanka Soviet ka dhanka ah soo duulay Jarmalka jid Warsaw iyo meelaha istiraatiijiga ah burburinayo iska caabin ah Jarmal, mid ka mid ah taas oo ahayd "Zaitseva göra".
• Xuduudda Ilyinsky. heegan ah in ay geesinimo ardayda Memorial Ilyinskikh dugsiyada military. 12 maalmood gudahood, waxay qabtay off weerarka soo duulay ku Moscow.
• Kozelsk. Bandhiga tarjumayaa taariikhda mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu da'da weyn ee gobolka Kaluga, taariikhda taariikhda dib ugu qarnigii 12aad. museum wuxuu ku yaalaa ah baayacmushtariyaasha guri nagaadi Tsyplakovovyh jir. In ka hoolalka of helaa qaddiimiga ah, taariikhda waxyaabaha qadiimiga ah. laba bandhig mowduuc "tuuli maayo The Devil ee" ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay (9-10 jir) iyo "Vyatichesky adag funerary of 12-13 qarnigii." Meel dhexe ee degan dagaalkii shiraac ka go'an dagaal Kozelsk.
• Mosalsk. Museum heegan u ah taariikhda magaalada, looga hadlay qeybaha qarkii dabiiciga ah, taariikh, ethnography iyo dhacdooyinka sanadihii la soo dhaafay. dan weyn ka mid ah dadka soo booqda waa dib u dhiska ah ee aqal ridayeen in pre-kacaan Russia ah.
• Manor Park "Linen Factory". set ayaa hal of biireen laba xaafadaha ka tirsan Goncharov iyo Shchepochkina. feature A ee guryaha waa in ay meesha gayiga warshadaha dharka wanaagsan oo linenka ah iyo warqad. Waxaa jira museum-estate Goncharov, kiniisadda oo ka mid ah isbeddelid, park iyo kaxeynayo hothouse, xeryaha iyo goobaha kale ee taariikhiga ah naqshadda.
• museum Tarussky. Xusuuso hore ee magaalada iska leh taariikhda Tarussa 1246. In ka hoolalka of museum magaalada bandhigaysaa soo bandhigaa kaladuwan, hadalkay suugaanta, qayb gaar ah oo ah meeshii ilayska heegan u ah nolosha iyo shaqada qoraa K. G. Paustovskogo ah.
• Tarussky Museum Tsvetaevs. In ka hoolalka of hadalkay ah oo ku saabsan nolosha, ka shaqeeya Abwaan Marina Tsvetaeva.

dalxiisyada

In 2016 matxafka dhaqaaqay xaaladda cusub iyo haatan kan la yidhaahdo "Kaluga Museum-Reserve." Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira geedi socodka of habeynta gudaha iyo diyaarinta barnaamijyada cusub. Laakiin waxqabad ee matxafka taariikhda deegaanka oo aan la kala gooyey karo, iyo dadka soo booqda waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inay safar:

• Taariikhda gobolka Kaluga. muddooyinka ool baaro iyo diiwaan horumarka dhaqaale ee gobolka ka Qarnigii 17aad, fiiro badan u hibeeyeen ilaa ay dhismaha magaalada, horumarinta dhaqanka, suugaanta, farshaxanka.
• Nature ee gobolka Kaluga. gaadhista waa faahfaahsan dhulka, muuqaalada juquraafi ku laayeen bandhigay lafo lifeforms innoo helay inta lagu jiro kabxidda ama dhismaha shaqada beerta ku. Inta badan bandhiga waa dhirta iyo ugaarta ee aagga ku matalayay soo bandhigaa ka soo muddada qadiimiga ah si ay u soo gudbinaynaa.
• xayawaanka qalaad. Safar wuxuu bilaabay kooxda martida u wakiillo ka dubato oo dunida ku baahsan (South America, Asia, Africa, iwm), wax badan oo ka mid ah soo bandhigaa ayaa muujinaya nolosha dunida quuska, wakiil ku dubato ee bartamaha Russia.
• Under banner ee Soofiyeedku ah. wadahadalo dalxiiska ku saabsan dhismaha awoodda Soviet, horumarinta aagga ilaa 1941, tixgelinaysaa qaddar ee shakhsiyaadka, sida laga fekerayo ah oo muddada wakhtiga Dagaalkii Sokeeye, dhaqdhaqaaqa Stakhanovite, cadaadis. xarunta Exhibition, taas oo u hibeeyeen ilaa ay safar ku mowduuc waxaa leydin gudaha fasalka, guri la wadaago.
• Gobolka Kaluga intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. dalxiisyada mowduuc lagu qabtaa hoolka ka go'an in ay sanad guurada 65aad ee Victory dagaalka. soo bandhigaa ayaa waxaa lagu soo bandhigay si taariikh, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday koorsada dhacdooyinka, waxa perpetuates magacyada muwaadiniinta - firfircoon ee colaadaha iyo shaqaalaha danbe. meel dhexe la siiyo diorama ah "in la sii daayo ee Kaluga".

In museum ururinta qani ku soo ururay in siinayaa noocyo kala duwan oo jeer, waayo, tours. Sayidka, danaha waxaa keena sheekooyin ku saabsan Decembrists, taariikhda galaas iyo earthenware, dhacdooyinka oo ka mid ah War of 1812, iyo wax ka badan.

macluumaad waxtar leh

The guests saaxiibtinimo soo dhaweyn Museum Kaluga Regional (mode hawlgalka - 9:30 - 17:30, dhamaado kaash 17:00 tigidhada fasaxa). Mode hawlgalka Saturday, 11:00 - 19:00. Maalintii inteeda kale waa Isniinta. Qiimaha tikidhada bilaabo 100 rubles.

Dhimidda qarashaadka la siiyo ardayda, ardayda iyo dadka hawlgabka. helaan Free waxaa laga heli karaa in ay muwaadiniinta oo dhan Maalinta matxafyada, iyo sidoo kale qaybaha qaar ka mid ah muwaadiniinta si joogto ah, waxaad tagi kartaa History Museum Qaranka (Kaluga). Cinwaanka: wadada Pushkin, dhismaha 4.

soo jiidashada Kaluga

dhacdooyinka, taxadiri, xarumo dhaqan taariikheed badan oo farxin karaan magaalada dalxiiska ee Kaluga. Soojiidashada in tirada sida in iyaga ka hor tago ma noqon karto in hal maalin. The toban meelaha sare halyeey dhab ahaan booqo ka mid ah:

• St. George Cathedral dhisay 1701.
• Temple of the isbeddelid ee qarnigii 17aad, waxaa ku taal dalka reer qalcadda.
• Optina (70 km ka Kaluga). Sida laga soo xigtay xeerkii, keniisad ah waxaa la aasaasay by Optoy ah tuug tawbadkeenka ee qarnigii 19aad. adag waxay leedahay il mucjisada ah, guga labaad xurmada leh ku taalla baananka webiga Zhizdra.
• State Museum of Cosmonautics Tsiolkovsky. Waxay leedahay bandhiga ugu weyn u hibeeyeen ilaa ay sahaminta meel Russia ee. fund ayaa heysta oo ku saabsan 600,000 oo waxyaabaha kale oo ay helaan - 400 kun oo unugyo.
• baayacmushtariyaasha Chamber Korobov. Waa taallo ah naqshadda ee naqshadaha qadiimiga Ruush ee qarnigii 17aad.
• Stone buundada isku xirta laayeen Berezuevskogo dooxadii. biriish ah waxa la dhisay 1785 oo waa qaab-dhismeedka dhagax ugu weyn Russia ee noociisa ah. dhererkiisu waa 160 mitir iyo width of 20 mitir. qaybta dhexe - laba heer oo la meelaheeda dedan.
• Hotel barxadda Old Trading Square. Dhismaha iyo aagga ah ayaa iska leh in qarnigii 18aad, dhismaha la bilaabay by baayacmushtariyadii on goobta dooxadii jir. Soo Celinta fuliyay 2015.
• Pearl Kaluga - Finca Zolotarev, halkaas oo matxafka taariikhda deegaanka waxa uu ku yaalaa.
• Craft Museum of Architecture iyo Life. Waxay leedahay bandhig ballaaran ee taariikhda farsamada dad dhaqanka, alaabta lagu ciyaaro dhoobo exposures waaweyn. Qaar ka mid ah soo bandhigaa dib qarniyadii 17-18th taariikhda.
• Nikola-ka caajisina, Tuulada ee park ee muhiimka u ah qaranka "Ugra", halkaas oo iidda tahay sannadlaha ah "Archstoyanie". On dhulka ah fanaaniinta iyo injineero abuuray farshaxan gaar ah qalabka dabiiciga ah, kuwaas oo kala firdhiyey oo dhan reserve ka dhigay.

Tani ma aha liis dhamaystiran oo waxa u bogi karin kooxda martida ah inay magaalada ka mid ah Kaluga. Durkiya magaalada iyo berrinkaba ku samaysay. Gaar Shamordino Convent waxa uu ku yaalaa meel u dhow tuulada Shamordino. Central Cathedral Kazan waxa lagu qurxiyey 15 domes, xalka guud waxaa loola jeedaa qaab jir Ruush, intricately ka tarjumaya dhaqanka Tacaddi. Istaag dubaan xeel dheer Vorobyov, halkaas tiir xusuus ah in sysadmin ah, sayidyadooda House, iyo in ka badan.