St. Alexander Nevsky. Icon of Aleksandra Nevskogo. walxood oo lagu qoray Orthodox

Qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee formation of fikradaha ku saabsan dhacdo gaar ah ama qof taariikhiga ah waa ay image farshaxanka. Waa sababtaa tan aan ku Kiniisada Orthodox Church ee ku lifaaqan muhiimadda aad u badan si ay u walxood. Waxay noo tuso guises quduuska ah, loo bedelay, iftiimiyey, ka fog badnaa madding ah. Noocan oo kale ah u muuqataa inoo icon ee Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo - dagaalyahan ah oo xoog badan, daafaca ee dalka Ruushka.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka Prince

Life Aleksandra Nevskogo, barbaro gashay ka dib helitaanka jidhkiisa cadaalad ah in 1380, iyo sidoo kale waraaqaha taariikhiga ah ayaa muujinaya in weli mustaqbalka uu ku dhashay May 30, 1220 in Pereslavl. Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa Prince Yaroslav (baabtiiska Theodore), oo hooyadiis - Ryazan Princess Theodosia Igorevna. Marka yarkii toddoba sannadood buu jiray, oo wuxuu aabbihiis ahaa u yeedhay boqor Novgorod weyn, oo intay qaadeen isagii iyo Alexander leh. Laga soo bilaabo da'da hore, Prince baratay farshaxanka faqa iyo in aan dhamaystirnayn shan iyo toban sannadood oo la aabbihiis, ka qayb qaatay in uu dagaal ugu horeysay on River Emajõgi ah (Estonia casriga ah).

Guardian ee Land Ruushka

Wax yar ka yimid mid ka mid ah muddooyinka ugu adag ee taariikhda Russia. Laga soo bilaabo bari, ka deel Mongoliyaan duurjoogta ah, waxay ahaayeen dhowaanin faraha ee reer guuraa, iyo xagga galbeed weerareen guutooyinkiisii Germanic. Xaaladda ahaa muhiim ah, laakiin, sida ay u dhacday muddada of our taariikhda, Rabbigu wuxuu soo diray gargaare ciidda Ruush iyo badbaadiye. Waxay noqday Alexander Nevsky ah, icon ah oo wakhtiga ugu dambaysta waxaa uu ku dhiiraday in ay la diriraan cadaawayaashooda oo qarniyo badan askar Ruush.

Guuldaradan ayaa ah duulay af Iswiidhish iyo af Jarmal

Ruuxse weyn kowaad wuxuu ahaa guuldaradii in 1240, Sweden weerareen afka Neva ah, oo la qorsheeyay in ay qaataan Ladoga. Prince ma ahayd waqti in weli labaatan sannadood jirtay, laakiin, si adag ku tiirsan gargaarka Eebe iyo geesinimada buuxsamay, isaga iyo ciidankiisii ayaa dhabarka u saarisay guuldarro burburiyo warlike Scandinavians. In xasuusta of feat this of dadkii bilaabeen inay ka karaameeyo uu Aleksandrom Nevskim.

Dalka Iswiidan waxay u sameeyey, laakiinse waxay ahaayeen Knights Jarmal kaas oo qabtay iyada goofo, iyo in 1242 iyo Pskov. Alexander, madaxa ciidammada badan, magaalada la xoreeyay, iyo guga ee sanadka in adkaaday Saliibiyiinta ah ee barafka ee Lake Peipus, dagaal in hoos ugu tegey, sida taariikhda Battle of Ice ah. Salaadda uu Trinity Quduuska ah iyo guulahaas hubka Latins ayaa gebi ahaanba laga saaray dalka Ruushka.

Wadahadalada ee Horde iyo dhimasho daacad of Prince

Life Aleksandra Nevskogo noo soo bandhigaysaa la image ee ma aha oo kaliya Taliyaha cabsi la'aan, laakiin sidoo kale diblomaasi caqli leh. Xaqiijinta ammaanka soohdimaha galbeed ee gobolka, waxaa la fahamsan yahay in dagaal furan la Khan Batu, kaasoo madax ku soo sawirtay Tatar, mar waxay ahayd masiibo ku Russia, xitaa ma helin waqti uu soo urursado xooggaaga ka dib markii dagaalo hore.

Alexander booqday afar jeer Horde Golden la wada xaajoodka, iyadoo ay sabab u taas oo keliya ma u suurtagashay in ay qaataan khatar military, laakiin sidoo kale ka mid ah cadowga abuurayna muran, in ay ka qayb weyn oo ka mid ah ciidamada Khan iyo xulufadiisu ay sameeyaan.

Waa la ag maray Rabbiga Alexander Nevsky ah November 14, 1263 in Gorodets on markii uu ka soo Horde ah. Sida uu u doonayo la soo dhaafay ay ahayd in ay qaataan schema ku monastic, halkaas oo uu ka helay magaca Alexis. dhimashada jidhkiisa cadaalad ah ka dib markii sagaal maalmood ka dib waxaa la gaarsiiyey Vladimir, iyo dhammaan kuwa joogo waqti isku mid ah goob joog ay la'aanta calaamadaha musuqmaasuqa.

Horraysay iyo astaamo hore

xusuusta dadka ka mid ah camal ammaanta leh oo amiir u ahaa noolaa tan iyo maalintii uu dhintay, laakiin cibaadada diinta raaceen iibka ee Mala'igtu cadaalad ah in 1380. Rasmi ah, oo uu ku canonized qarni iyo badh ka dib, boqortooyada Ivana Groznogo.

Waxaa ka mid ah waraaqaha Golaha Moscow ee 1547 waa xalka, sida laga soo xigtay oo ka mid ah quduusiinta kale canonized lagu daray iyo Alexander Nevsky. walxood The rinjiyeeyay muddada hore, waa daawadayaasha ka Ugaadshiga Barriga ee monastic, samaynta sidaas culeeska la saaray Ruhbaaniyad, waxay la ansixiyay dhamaadka nolosha. Waxay ka dhawaajiyaan arrin gaar ruuxiga ah ee uu guusha.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira hal icon, oo qoraal ah boqol sano ka hor dhacdooyinka - "The Battle of Novgorod iyo Suzdal", taas oo hore waa la HALO ah xurmada wareegsan madaxa ka wakiil yahay Prince Alexander Nevsky. Leyliga sida this by fal si rasmi ah ugu horraysay, oo aan lagu tixgelinin sharci ah, oo maalmahan waxaa ka mid ah failed weyn. In sheekada image waa la joogo iyo faahfaahin kale oo cajiib ah - muujinayaa ku dul dhacdo dhacay dheer dhalashada Aleksandra Nevskogo, taas waa in ay xoogga saaraan timelessness jiritaanka of this Ilaah oo quduus ka hor.

muddo Leyliga pre-Peter

horumarka ballaaran ee ay iconography ayaa hore u heshay in qarnigii XVI ka, ka dib markii Golaha Moscow, iyada oo ay ku tagtay laba jiho. Waxay si fiican u diyaariyey in erayada, uu Metropolitan John (Sychev). Waxa uu carabka ku adkeeyay in badbaadinta Russia Prince quduuska ah si siman ugu adeegi jireen iyo sidii nin xoog badan iyo sida wadaad ah kuwa is-hoosaysiiya.

Waxa ay ahayd sida tarjumaad monastic sanamkii, waxaa adkaaday in calanka muddada pre-Markos. Tusaale ahaan, icon ah ee St. Alexander Nevsky ee cathedral Novgorod Sofia waa in gacmaha amiirka haysta qorniin duudduuban, on taas oo ku qorraa ugu baaqayaa in ay ka dhawrsada Eebe oo aad yeeshaan amarradiisa. Wada jir ah ula Alexander muujinayaa quduuska ah, John Abraham iyo Rostov.

Icon of St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo

Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii u fiican oo farshaxanka qadiimiga ah waa suuraddii hagiographic ee St. Aleksandra Nevskogo, oo ku yaalla Moscow, at caanka St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo. On waxaa matalayay lagu fuliyay of Prince biday taagan height buuxa, in tilmaam ah vozdevshego gacanta ammaanaya. Tani waa icon ah mid aan caadi aheyn ee Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Its qiimaha been in xaqiiqda ah in ceebeynta ku wareegsan qaybta dhexe ee ka kooban waxaa ku jira ma aha oo kaliya dhacdooyinka dhabta ah ee Amiirkii nolosha, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa ka dhacay goor dambe. Maadooyinka of miniatures, kuwaas oo aan la arki karin ayaa dareensan in joogitaanka Alexander iyo bacdi jannada. Ka mid ah goobaha kuwan - iyo dagaal Kulikov, oo waxay dagaal kula Khan Crimean ah Giray, iyo in ka badan. Tan waxaa ugu horayn tilmaamay for qayb ruuxiga ah ee nolosha Prince feat, oo diiradda saarayaa inuu inuu Ilaah u adeegayo iyo Kaniisadda.

xilligii Petra Velikogo Leyliga

Aasaas fasiraadda image ah iconographic of Aleksandra Nevskogo boqortooyada Peter I. Tsar-reformer bedelay qudhiisu bedelka ah dagaalka ay kula jirto dhammaan noocyada ballaarinta shisheeye tixgeliyo. Oo calaamad u ah xurmayn qoto dheer oo uu ka horreeyay caan, ayuu aasaasay 1710 ee St. Petersburg Quduuska ah Trinity Alexander Nevsky keniisad, taasi oo markii dambe ka helay xaaladda Lavra.

Tani waxaa laga qaaday ku Mala'igtu of Prince St. Vladimir. Isla mar ahaantaana xal gaarka ah ee Synod ku amray in ay sii wadaan isaga wakiil on walxood ka Ugaadshiga Barriga military, la qori in dharkii boqornimada la jilicsan ermine. Sidaas darteed, xooga ka guulahaas ruuxiga ah rag xoog military wareejiyay, ka dhigay caanka Aleksandr Nevsky. Leyliga ka waqti in uu mar dambe waxaa matalayey wadaad la khushuucsan, oo dagaalyahan garab, daafaca reer Fatherland ah.

Icon arrimuhu Rinjiyeynta socda qarniyo

xurmayn Gaarka ah ee amiir xurmada Alexander Nevsky isticmaalo qarnigii XIX ah, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo carshiga Ruush, ayaa booqday saddex gooyo, kii magiciisa soo xirtay iyo isaga sheegan sida sokoeye iyo weli ay. Muddadan la qoray tiro badan oo calanka u amiirka, horumarka joogtada ah ee khadka iconographic bilaabay in Zaman ee Petra Velikogo.

Dhamaadka XIX - XX qarnigii hore rinjiyeynta Ruush ayaa sameeyay wax-u style diinta iyo qaran. Waxa uu taabtay oo iconography. Its wakiilada ugu fiican ee birta VM Vasnetsov, kuwaas oo abuuray image farshaxanka taariikhi for Prince Vladimir Cathedral ee Kiev, iyo MV Nesterov, walxood oo rinji ee Church of Badbaadiyeheenna ah oo ku saabsan Dhiig ee St. Petersburg. Xaaladda hore Aleksandr Nevsky bandhigay bogatyrom Tacaddi, halka kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - wadaad la khushuucsan.

Macbudyo ka taagay in uu sharaf

xusuusta ee St. Prince waxaa soo bixitaankii naqshadaha kaniisadda. Just maanta ee Moscow, isgoyska of Alexandrovka iyo Novokryukovskoy, ayaa isku diyaarinaya in albaabada ay u kaniisadda dhowaan la dhisay kaniisadda of Alexander Nevsky furo. oo kuwii ku dhisayna Its ayaa mar hore bilaabay xiraan. Oo isagu ma uu mid ka mid kaliya ee caasimadda. kaniisad kale oo Alexander Nevsky shaqeeya at University MGIMO - Institute of International Relations. Waa arrin aad u dhiirri gelinaya in diblomaasiyiinta mustaqbalka waxaa loo tababaray oo tusaale u soo bixiyey, oo sidaas daraaddeed mid istaahila in la xaasidnimo.

Temple of Prince Quduuska ah ayaa la dhisay goor hore ee magaalooyinka kala duwan. Tani St. Petersburg iyo Riga, iyo Tula. Waxa xusid gaar ah waa cathedral ee Nizhny Novgorod, waxaa la dhisay 1858 oo maanta dib sannado badan oo xayi ah Cilmaaniyadda soo celiyo. icon ee Nevskogo Aleksandra ee Cathedral this magaalada Volga qadarin sida mucjisada ah.

Qiimaha maanta St. Prince

Waa maxay macnaha for our taariikhda Alexander Prince Quduuska ah Nevsky, walxood waa sidaas u dhow qalbiga waddani kasta oo run ah? Sida iska cad, badan, sabab wanaagsan in sano dagaal adag, sidaas darteed loo baahan yahay filim cajiib ah Sergeya Eyzenshteyna ku saabsan geesi qaranka, guusha ee Jarmalka on barafka ee Lake Chud, siiyey askarta ciidanka cusub, burburin fashiistaha ah. Magaciisa - banner ee kuwii tegey inay dagaalamaan dalkiisa oo dhan, iyo baryadii feat - tusaale ka mid ah isku halleeya gargaarka iyo shafeeco ee Trinity Quduuska ah.

rumayste kasta run yahay su'aasha ah ee sida, waxa, iyo sida loo ilaaliyo icon unbaa ka jawaabi doonaan, in ay Dardaarmi fikirrada iyo rajo gelin darteed naseexeeyaan Ilaah - abuuraha iyo Xaq soore Ehelkeeda ah ee destinies aadanaha iyo ka ilaalinna waxyeelo. Tani waxay gabi ahaanba waa run. Oo icon Aleksandra Nevskogo, ee kaniisadda ama guriga, waxay ku wacdiyo noo qiyamka weligeed ah oo aan ka engegay - iimaanka Orthodox, iyo jacaylka waayo, dalka, iyo waxa iyaga ku jirta, iyo badbaado noo saareen.