Sidee badan la dhisay Il-2 (1941 - 1945)

Waxa intaa dheer in taangiga T-34, si toos ah PCA, calaamad u ah guusha iyo la arkaa inu yahay Il-2. 1941-1945 sano jiray waqti of jirrabaya xoogga gobolka Soviet, waxay muujiyeen fursadaha Titanic ee warshadaha gudaha, taas oo aysan awoodin in ay si deg deg ah ciidamo ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka dunida ka mid ah diyaaradaha ciidamada. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka, "humpback" IL ee la dhisay ka badan 36 kun. ma Tani "wareegga" taariikhda ma hor og. Ma aha maanta garaacay rikoorkii this.

diyaarad laba weerar

In soddon jirka dabayaaqadii fikradda guud ee hab xeelad weerar dalalka oo dhan lahaa qayb hawada. War in Spain iyo Khalkhin- muujisay in aan taageero ka diyaaradda si ay u sameeyaan weerar adag, iyo Fadilmo hawada ay hubisaa in guusha on dhulka. Muddadan, waxaa jira fasalka qaar ka mid ah diyaaradaha, loo yaqaan stormtroopers. The ugu caansan ee wakiilkiisa in koorsada ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida bilaabay, laba muunad - Jarmal Ju-87 iyo IL-2. 1941 wuxuu ahaa bilowgii ay la barbardhigo wax ku ool ah. astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee la caddeeyo waxa lagu muujiyey Shaxanka.

Waa cadaalad ku xuso xaqiiqada ah in IL-2 waxaa loogu talagalay gaari ka dib Jarmal (shan sano duulista - waqti dheer). Ka sokow, "Junkers-87" waxay ahayd faa'ido la hubo marka la dalbanayo dilalka qorsheysan by jidaynayey quusto ku dhawaad toosan iyo nidaamka dooneysa kaamil ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan tilmaamayaasha weerarka German waa ineysan Soviet IL-2. 1941 waxay ahayd taariikhda bilowga ee wax soo saarka mass. Waxay bilaabeen in February, dagaalka ka hor.

Fikradda asaasiga ah

In dayrta ee 1939, pilot caanka VK Kokkinaki u qaaday hawada qarsoodi ah "wax soo saarka" hoostiisa astaanta CDB-55, ee wareegyada dhuuban ee ciidamada Soviet iyo aqoonyahanada farsamo, sidoo kale loo yaqaan SB-2. Waxa ay ahayd oo keliya noocooda ah ee Hadba in ayaa IL-2. Weerar loogu talagalay iyadoo la raacayo fikrad kacaan in qeybo ka mid ah sooctey, sida feeraha oo longerons, shiidaa tirtiro, iyo naf dhibkeed awood qiyaasayey godka hoose ee isku mar ka arrimo shaqaale waxyeello iyo qaybaha muhiimka ah, oo ay ku jiraan meeldhexaadka ah saliidda engine iyo taangiga qariyo . diyaaradaha Horaantii la dhisay ka duwan: on jir ah oo ka mid ah codbixineed oo profiles gaadhya ayaa la Jaha sanduuqa battariga, mararka qaarkood gaashaaman. SV Ilyushin in su'aasha ah ee survivability loola dhaqmo si fiiro oo dhan.

Means halganka ay u noolaadaan

The dhibic ugu nugul ee diyaaradda - ay u Safra ama gadaal. "View dabada" waa shiidaa ballan qaaday inay ku guuleysato guul anteenada. Shooter gacanta zone this khatar ah, ee ku sugan oo dhan qarax, oo ay ku jiraan ee S-87. Il-2 diyaaradaha is khilaafeen ka analogues ee dunida ku yimaado laba nooc: hal iyo double (laakiin wax yar ka dib ku saabsan in). Haamaha Shiidaalka leeyihiin design gaar ah, kaas oo u ogolaanaya si loo yareeyo khasaaraha shidaalka ee case of lumbago. walax Gaarka ah engejiyaa hawada furan, "si aad ugu bogsiisid" boogaha helay in dagaalka.

laambad pilot xabada la ilaaliyo iyo sidoo kale qol biraha. Kuwani iyo farsamooyinka kale ee design ahaayeen si wax ku ool ah in ay diyaarado weerar Soviet ku noqdeen dalkoodii ay saldhig, xitaa ka dib markii la helo shan boqol oo godad.

fursadaha ugu muhiimsan ee

Dhamaan versions Waxaa la soo saaray lix, laakiin labada ugu muhiimsan ee mudan sharaxaad gaar ah. Ilyushin hore loo qorsheeyay in ay weerar double la operator askari-raadiyaha, ka ilaaliya Safra ama gadaal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xukuma halka cilmiga military, qabanayaa Fadilmo waadaxa hawada ka dib markii codsiga ah ee deg dega ah hormartay oo dagaal kala iibsiga hawlgallada si dhulka cadowga, keentay in hoggaanka dalka ee si ay u dhisaan mashiinka fudud. Waxaa la siiyey Designer Guud faray in ay "ka saar aan loo baahnayn". reer xamarku ee go'aankan (iyo qaar kale oo badan) ugu dhakhsaha badan shaaca ka bilaabay dagaal. IL-2, u diiday, ilaalinta, inuu noqdo ugaadh fududahay in "Messers". Farsamoyaqaan ku airfields danbe bilaabay Ebana madax banaan diyaaradaha, jarida godadka top dahaadhay for buulal arrow. hoggaanka Stalin ee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma waxaa lagu eedeeyay karaa of uporstvovanii doqon. nidaamka Double mar labaad la siiyey a "iftiin cagaaran", in kasta oo, nasiib daro, jabkii dhabta ah ku hadhay si ay u nugul.

"Walaalkiis yar" of IL-10

Dabcan, diyaarad halyeeyga this wakiil aviakonstruktorskoy masterpiece u maleeyay, laakiin isticmaalka gaar ahaan taatikada at sare hooseeyo heerka sare ee khasaaraha sababay Il-2. 1941-1945 sano sameeyay tirakoobka guud ahaan, sida ay taas "Il'yushin" celcelis ahaan ku saabsan 53 weera sameeyaa ilaa marka lagu qasbay hoos. At heerka ugu dambeeya ee dagaalka uu diyaar u fiicnaaday diyaarad dagaal version taas oo dhiman design ee noocooda ah ayaa loo tixgeliyaa: aerodynamics si weyn u soo hagaagtay (jiifku laabatay galay garabka, laakiin ma aha in nacelle gaar ah, qabow saliid ka "underbelly" qarsoon tahay in sooctey) si ammaan ah gaashaaman cab operator arrow-raadiyaha al et.

beddelid waxa uu helay IL-10 dhigidda, iyo xitaa lahaa waqtiga ay sameeyaan qaar ka mid ah dagaal ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida iyo Korea, laakiin ma aha, waayo muddo dheer. Waxaa bilaabay xilligii of xawaare jet ...