Qaybaha iyo waxyaabaha dhiigga

Daawooyinka waxaa si toos ah laga helay dhiiggii laftiisa, loo yaqaan waxyaabaha dhiigga. The jajab keentay si weyn u fidin karaan xuduudaha dabiibida jiinka, iyo ugu muhiimsan - dhigi suurto gal in ay isticmaalaan qaybaha gaarka ah dhiig iyo plasma, kaas oo ay leeyihiin saameyn macno leh. waxyaabaha dhiigga kala qaybiyey saddex kooxood: tallaabo adag, immunoglobulins (immunologically firfircoon) iyo hemostatic.

Diyaargaraw tallaabo adag. plasma

daroogada tallaabo adag ka mid ah plasma dhiigga iyo albumin. Saamaynta of - bixinta hemodynamic iyo ficil antishock labadaba. plasma qaboojiyay Fresh si buuxda waa xajisto oo dhan sifooyinka, sidaas isticmaalkeeda ugu habboon. Waxaa jira noocyo kale oo plasma: qalalan (Xayiraadda-qalajiyey) iyo dareeraha (hooyo). Inta lagu guda jiro habka wax soo saarka, waxay si weyn u waayi guryaha bogsiinta ay, si ay u isticmaalaan ma aha sida wax ku ool ah. Fresh qaboojiyay helay plasmapheresis ama by centrifugation dhiigga oo dhan, keydsho dhacdaa ka dib markii dhiig laga deeq ururinta ee 1-2 saacadood ee ugu horeeya. Kaydinta diyaarinta dhiig qaboojiyay noqon kartaa ilaa hal sano heerkulka of 1 ilaa 25 digrii ama ka hooseeya. Muddadan, dhammaan arrimaha xinjirowga plasma kaydiyaa, qaybaha fibrinolysis xinjirowga lidka ku ah.

Diyaarinta shubo plasma

dhiig Drug waa plasma qaboojiyay cusub. Ka hor inta aadan bilaabin shubo ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u diyaariyaan daroogada. Plasma waxaa la diiriyay in biyo diiran, kuwaas oo heerkulka ma aha in ka badan 37-38 degrees. bacda Plastikatny la biomaterial gacmahooda fidin karaa si loo dedejiyo geedi socodka. Iyadoo la tixraacayo tilmaamaha ku lifaaqan, plasma ah la diiriyay waa in lagu shubo saac ee soo socda. Ka dib markii diyaarinta taasi keeni kartaa Duudduubyada fibrin, laakiin waxa uusan taas looga hortago oo maraya hababka caadiga ah plastikatnye shubo in ay yihiin qalabaysan filtarrada.

Waxaad uma ay shubi karaa plasma haddii ay heleen xinjiro weyn, leniska weyn - caddayn in daroogada waa oo liita. Iska ilaali keydsho soo noqnoqda iyo diirran ee plasma qaboojiyay cusub.

Daawada waxaa laga sameeyay dhiigga aadanaha waa in aan la shubay ka mid bac in dhowr bukaan. Sidoo kale, plasma ma laga tegi karaa hab ku xiga ka dib markii boorso plastikatny waxaa depressurized. Haddii sensebilizirovan bukaanka maamulka parenteral oo ka mid ah falalka protein ah, waa counter in ay ku shub cusub plasma dhiig la qaboojiyey. Si looga hortago cadaanyo bahal qaadno walax-noolaha, iyo sidoo kale lagugu shubo dhiig oo dhan.

shubo

plasma qaboojiyay Fresh, taas oo loo daadshay bukaanka waa in laga qaadaa qofka qaba kooxda dhiig la mid ah sida bukaanka, sida uu nidaamka AB0. In degdeg ah, haddii aanay jirin plasma odnogruppnoy, ee isku soo socda waxaa loo ogol yahay:

• Plasma: Group A (II) - bukaanka: koox dhiig 0 (I)
• Plasma: In group (III) - bukaanka: koox dhiig 0 (I)
• Plasma: group AB (IV) - bukaanka: dhiig midnaba.

Imtixaanada kooxda waafaqsan looma fuliyo. waxyaabaha dhiigga (shubo plasma) ayaa tilmaamay in:

• syndromes trombogemorragicheskih
• gubi bukaanada,
• geeddi socodka septic,
• diathesis hemorrhagic, oo ay ku jiraan hemophilia nooca A iyo B,
• syndromes burburin,
• at hemorrhages mass (in ka badan 25%), shubo plasma la unugyada cas mass ku xidhay.

plasma qaboojiyay Applied oo cusub lagu daweeyo bukaanka qaba thrombosis soo noqnoqonaysa ee xididdada dhiigga, sida caadiga ah ku saabsan asalka ah streptokinase ama diyaarinta kale fibrinolytic.

albumin

waxyaabaha daroogada dhiigga noocan oo kale ah sida albumin, waxaa laga heli karaa sida xal fiirsashada 5, 10 iyo 20%. Protein sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa oo ay la socdaan albumin ah la safeeyey, sidaas waxa ku jira Alfa iyo beta globulins. xal albumin ka dib hordhaca ah ee dhexdeeda xasiliya adkeysan karaan pasteurization. Oo waxay ka caawisaa in daawaca fayrusyada HIV iyo cagaarshow. Albumin waxaa loo isticmaalaa in noocyada kala duwan ee lama filaan ah - qalliin, argagaxa leh, gubasho. Maamula ay barar, taasoo waxaa keena xanuunada ka kooban borotiinka dhiigga, iyadoo khasaaro badan oo albumin beerka (ascites, cirrhosis, gubasho). Albumin in xal u xoog la isticmaalo marka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la xaddido mugga dareeraha dawadu u shaqeeyo ah, (waayo, wadnaha, barar cerebral).

5% fiirsashada of diyaarinta dhiigga (albumin) waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhiig la'aan marka loo baahdo caadi ah dhiig-karka. Marka galaya albumin ka yimaada dhiig la'aan weyn loo baahan yahay in lagu daro shubo unugyada cas. In albumin carruurta inta badan loo isticmaalaa sidii xal 10%.

immunoglobulin

daawooyinka dhiigga - immunoglobulin - noqoneyso koox weyn oo diyaar garowga difaaca. Waxay firfircoon ka hortaga cudurada faafa yihiin. In nidaamka bukaan eegida, ee inta badan la isticmaalo globulin gamma. waxyaabaha gaarka ah waxay leeyihiin saameyn ku daweyn sare, waxay si toos ah oo ka hortaga teetanada, encephalitis sax ka dhasha, hargabka iyo cudurada kale ee faafa.

Khuseysaa aadka immunoglobulin ee daaweynta ee purpura thrombocytopenic idiopathic. Daroogada ee kooxdan waxaa intramuscularly maamulo. Greater saarka saamayn immunoglobulins saafi ah waxaa intravenously maamulo. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in protein isla markiiba galo dhiigga iyo ma idlaan marxaladda of dheefshiidka by proteases unugyada.

daroogada hemostatic in cudurrada dhiigga

daroogada hemostatic - fibrinogen a protrombirovanny Cryoprecipitate adag. In dambe ee ku jira a qadar weyn Antihemophilic globulin (haddii kale - factor VIII-xinjirowga) iyo factor von Willebrand, fibrinogen iyo factor XIII-fibrinstabiliziruyuschego iyo borotiinada kale wasakheysa. daroogada waxaa laga heli karaa si loogu daweeyo dhiigga ee bacaha balaastikada ah, fijaan ee la qalajiyey ama la xayiray. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in cudurada von Willebrand, hemophilia A oo kale nooc oo dhiigbax ah.

Maxay yihiin waxyaabaha dhiigga loo isticmaalo cudurka dhiigbaxa oo ka mid ah dhashay, hemophilia B, badinta ee xinjirowga lidka ku ah? Xaaladahan adag protrombirovanny waxaa loo isticmaalaa (CSF ama PPSB). In uu maqan yahay, soo bandhigay plasma qaboojiyay cusub.

Fibrinogen ayaa baaxadda kooban oo codsiga, waxaa loo isticmaalaa keliya dhiig, taas oo sabab u deficiency fibrinogen. Xaaladaha hypofibrinogenaemia, taas oo ay sabab u tahay thrombus syndrome, bedelay protein Biyuhu soo saaray plasma qaboojiyay cusub. fibrinogen la safeeyey ma dheelli la coagulants dabiiciga ah iyo in dhiiga laga yaabaa in lagu xinjirowga, iyo this kobcin kara kelyaha iyo pulmonary failure. Si kor u dhac ku yidhi qayb, waxaa wanaagsan in la isticmaalo plasma ah.

Haemostatics dhayayo codsatay

waxyaabaha dhiigga jidka isku ayaa lagu bilaabaa inta badan intravenously, inkasta oo ay jirto koox ka mid ah wakiilada hemostatic in ay yihiin dhayayo codsatay - halka joojinta dhiig dibadda, kuwaas oo ku dhici kara inta lagu guda jiro qalliinka. wakiilada noocan oo kale ah waxaa ka mid ah geed isbonji la hemostatic, film fibrin, thrombin, suuf aalkolada, iyo kuwa kale ee noolaha. Saamaynta asaasiga ah ayaa thrombin. Waxay keentaa formation of xinjiro in thrombosing lumens marinnada dhiigga ee duurka jooga oo dhiigbax ah. isticmaalka hemostatics aad u hufan ee hemostasis in xubnaha parenchymal waxyeello oogada.

buushka fibrin iyo in hantida farsamo mahad filimada, waxaa loo isticmaalaa ma aha oo kaliya ee joogsato dhiig. Sida wax caag ah, ay la isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo boogaha arooriyaha, iyo gubasho. In filim fibrin neurosurgery advantageously loo isticmaalo deficiency Duuraa bedelka.

Ka sokow diyaar garowga kor ku xusan, waxaa jira kuwa aan guryaha stimulatory iyo antianemic. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid bio stimulator-"Polibiolin" iyo "ERIGO".

cudurada vascular

xaaladaha vascular bahal kacayaan xaaladood oo luma dabacsanaan marka ay debcaan ama is dulfuulan ay sabab u raasamaal ee sunta iyaga oo ku. Waxaa jira cudurada soo socda: xanuunka dhanjafka, atherosclerosis taasoo keeni karta stroke, dystonia vascular. Da 'kasta, khasaaraha ka mid ah barti marinnada dhiigga iyo xirma ee bukaan-socodka la gudboonaato astaamaha soo socda:

• dhantaalan xasuusta iyo feejignaanta maskaxda;
• rabshooyin la seexan doontaa,
• horumarinta murugada, sii daraysa ee niyadda;
• kabuubyo,
• daal chronic;
• wareer joogta ah.

Sidoo kale waxay sababi cillad ah, oo weelasha oo noqon kara dhaawac dhabarka iyo osteochondrosis afka ilmo-galeenka. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa la burburay laga yaabaa halbowlaha vertebral in cunto siiya maskaxda. First aad u baahan tahay si aad u hesho oo la baabi'iyo sababta keentay, ie, in lagu daweeyo dhabarta, ka dibna iyada iyo alaabtan oo macaamilootaan, .. Drugs kaliya ku meel gaar ah u gargaara calaamadaha daran.

Daawooyinka loo isticmaalo xididdada dhiigga

U diyaar garowga daaweynta wadnaha iyo xididada dhiigga ee maskaxda way kala duwan yihiin, waxa ay ku xiran mabda'a of tallaabo. Qof kastaa wuxuu ay kala duwan u gaar ah ee codsiyada. Kooxdu waxay ugu caansan ee daawooyinka waxaa loo arkaa in ay xal u hagaajiyo wareegga cerebral, Dilatation vascular. U qaybi daawooyinkan saddex kooxood:

• myotropic (waxay dejineysaa muruqyada siman) - waa "Dibazol", "Eufillin";
• neurotropic (saamaynta on unugyada dareemeyaasha) - a "reserpine", "Validol";
• Nitrate (isku-dar ah labada mabaadi'da talaabo) - waa "Nitrosorbit", "Nitroglycerin".

Iyada oo ku xidhan kooban oo uu leeyahay saamayn of a kooxaha go'doon yar:

• blockers Calcium. udhigo Calcium, taas oo ka dhigi xididdada dhiigga ka jilicsan, adag oo keeni gaabiso. Inta badan daawooyinka, kuwaas oo si loo hagaajiyo wareegga cerebral. Cudurrada wadnaha waa in aan lagu codsatay. blockers Calcium waxaa loo kala saaraa saddex ka ab. marka hore wuxuu ku salaysan yahay saddex waaxood oo ugu muhiimsan (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem). Si aad daawooyinka jiilka labaad waa "Klentiazem", "tiapamil", "Nimodipine". Oo kii saddexaadna waa "Amlodipine" "Norvasc". Faa'iidooyinka dambaysta ah waa in ay haystaan waxyeelo ka yar, waa la xushay oo sii dheeraaday.
• Daawooyinka dhirta ku salaysan. Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee - ugu yaraan sababo iyo waxyeelo. Caawin dubaaxin. Hagaajinta socodka dhiigga.
• Diyaargaraw ka kooban nicotinic acid, waxay ka caawisaa loo yareeyo kolestaroolka dhiiggaaga ku jirta, si loo yareeyo khatarta ka mid ah formation huurada. Gadanayaa si ixtiraam leh in xididdada dhiigga waaweyn, saamayn qalintaanka yar. Daawooyinka Kuwani waa in la qaato kaliya qoray ee lagu daaweeyo, waayo, iyagu waa xun beerka (acid nicotinic, "Enduratin") ee.
• daawooyinka Heart. daawooyin sida kor loogu qaado maskaxda iyo cunto shaqo wadnaha isku mar caadi weelashii wadnaha. Sameeyey oo ku saleysan u ekaayeen ubax dooxada, foxglove ah, Adonis ( "Amrinon", "Kardiovalen", "adonizid").

daawooyinka kale ee daaweynta xanuunada dhiiga

diyaarinta sonkorta ee dhiiga waa qayb muhiim ah oo therapy daroogada sida dhacdooyinka qayb Kompeks in ay qaataan meel lagu daaweeyo sonkorowga. dadkii oo dhammu way kari waayeen inay ilaaliyaan heerka sonkorta dhiigga caadiga ah cunto saxda ah iyo sameeya jimicsiyada jirka.

Qaba cudurka macaanka in ay qaataan dawooyinka ballan dhakhtar in hoos u sonkorta dhiigga. Dhakhtarkaaga si faahfaahsan lurid koorsada daawada iyo qiyaasta saxda ah. wakiilada Hypoglycemic kala qaybsan yihiin saddex kooxood:

• Maandooriyaha oo aad dhaqaajiso insulin ka beeryarada.
• Daawooyinka la kordhiyo dareen insulin.
• Daawooyinka loo yareeyo nuugista of carbohydrates.

The ugu caansan waa kooxda ugu horeysay ee daroogada in kor loogu qaado wax soo saarka ee insulin by beeryarada, taas oo horseedaysa in la yareeyo heerarka sonkorta dhiigga. Waxaa ka mid ah "Amarin", "Manini", "Novonorm", "Diabeton". daawooyinka waa in la qoro oo kaliya dhakhtarka. jirka kasta oo kala duwan yahay, dadka fal ka duwan. Qaar ka mid ah ma dareemaan saamaynta ku daweynta, sonkorta dhiigga ayaa weli ah heer la mid ah. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, dhakhtarku waa inuu dib u eego daaweynta iyo qori daawooyin kale ama la beddelo qiyaasta.

waxyaabaha Iron waayo, dhiiggu. Iyadoo yaraanta macdanta birta ee dhiiggoodu ku jiro sameysmi karaa qadarka la doonayo of hemoglobin, taas oo ku siinayaa habka kala iibsiga oxygen erythrocytes ka sambabada dhammaan unugyada. Yimaado gaajo ogsijiin. cidhibtii of this - anemia. daroogada Modern in dhiig loo isticmaalaa si loo daweeyo dhiig hagaajiyo, waxa ku jira in ay Halabuurka qadarka loo baahan yahay oo bir ah, oo waa inay awoodaan si loo soo celiyo hematopoiesis caadi ah. Iyada oo cuntada waa wax aan macquul aheyn in la gaaro sida saamayn degdeg ah. dose Drug bir ka badan milmaan suurto galka ah ee qiimaha maalin jirka Ferrum 20 jeer. Sidaas daraaddeed in isku dayaysa in ay buuxin birta gobolka cudurka iyadoo la isticmaalayo cunto caafimaad leh oo keliya ma aha siin doonaa natiijooyinka la doonayo. Waxaan u baahanahay daawooyin gaar ah.

1. Means, oo waxa ay joogtaa oo sideeda oo qaab cusbada sulfate ferrous, oo ay ku jiraan vitamins in loo hagaajin karo dheefshiidka iyo nuugista of xarunta la doonayo. The daroogo ugu caansan waa:

• pill "Tardiferron", "durules Sorbifer";
• Kaabsoosha "Ferrofolgamma" "Ferretab" "Fenyuls";
• Kaabsoosha loogu talagalay carruurta, sharoobada, dhibciyo "Aktiferrin";
• isku darka in xal bir ah gluconate, manganese iyo zinc - "Totem";
• Kiniinka "gemofer";
• taxadir si fiican u yaqaan waxtar leh "Hematogen".

2. Medicaments kuwaas oo ka kooban birta ferric. feature A waa isticmaalka diyaarinta sida qaab polimaltozata hydroxide bir ah;

• kiniiniyada "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Biofer";
• xal sharoobada Dhibcood "Fenyuls" "Maltofer" "Ferlatum";
• xal anshax muruqyada dhexdooda "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Argeferr", "Venofer", "Kosmofer".

Cirbadaha waxaa loo isticmaalaa haddii bukaanka uu leeyahay cudur of mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, lesions oo weelasha yaryar, iyo sidoo kale darbo waxaa lagu muujiyey dhiig la'aan weyn. Waayo, wadada xididka maamulka waa daliilka suurto gal thrombophlebitis diyaarinta.